Quantitative finance started in the U.S. in the 1930s as some astute investors began using mathematical formulas to price stocks and bonds. Harry Markowitz’s 1952 Ph.D. thesis “Portfolio Selection” was one of the first papers to formally adapt mathematical concepts to finance. Markowitz formalized a notion of mean return and covariances for common stocks which […]
Corporate governance is concerned with the resolution of collective action problems among dispersed investors and the reconciliation of conflicts of interest between various corporate shareholders. In this coursework we review the theoretical and research on the main mechanisms of corporate control, discuss the main legal and regulatory institutions and global standards. GENERAL INFORMATION ON CORPORATE […]
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Get help with your assignmentAT&T Inc. (NYSE: T) is a United States telecommunications corporation headquartered in Texas. Founded in 1983 as SBC Communications, it became AT&T Inc. upon purchase of AT&T Corporation in 2005. It is the leading U.S. provider of wire-line and wireless communications. AT&T delivers 3G wireless services through AT&T Mobility LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary. Other major […]
Introduction The collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 sent ripples across the financial world. From the small shop in Montgomery Alabama started by Henry Lehman in 1844, that became the Lehman Corporation in 1920, its stocks began trading on the floor of the New York stock exchange in 1994 and posted record revenues in 2007 […]
The objective of this report is to monitor and analyse the trading performance of Westpac Banking Corporation 3 weeks prior and three weeks after adjacent to its media release of its 2009 Profit Announcement for the year ending 4th November 2009. This data recorded will be used to calculate the effect that Westpac’s accounting announcement […]
Every organization has its financing strategies to operate their business. The term capital structure and leverage are the similar terms that how the investments should utilize to manipulate the assets and the whole business in the long run. The essay covers determinants of capital structure with the help of trade off theory (Kim,1978; Kraus and […]
Financial Sector reforms initiated in the country as a part of the economic reforms since the year 1991, has brought about revolution in the structure of bankingA environment. While deregulation has opened up new opportunities for banks, liberalization has intensified competition in the banking industry by opening the market to new foreign and private sector banks. […]
In an economy, the financial structure is designed promote economic efficiency. One of the main requirements for a healthy economy is an efficient financial system that channel funds from savers to investors.” The financial structure of a country includes a complex structure of financial system including many different financial institutions: banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, […]
The provisional title of this research project work is: Consolidation and bank performance; an analysis of Nigerian banks. The choice of this topic emanates from the fact that the magnitude of banks’ inability to meet up their obligation in the nation’s banking industry has became an issue of concern to both the government, regulatory authorities, […]
Corporate Finance, in a nut shell is the effective management of the monetary support of any enterprise. It deals with the financial decisions of the company whereby providing enough tools and analysis for the organization to make strong financial decisions. This is not that simple as it is explained. This forms the base of any […]
The Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) was developed primarily by Ross (1976a, 1976b). Indeed, it is a one-period model in which every investor believes that the stochastic properties of returns of capital assets are consistent with a factor structure. The basis of arbitrage pricing theory is the idea that the price of a security is driven […]
Islam considers the problem of economic development very seriously and views this as an important part of total human development. The fundamental aim of Islamic religion is to lead human development in the right direction. Islam deals economic development as part of total human development and never deviated from this perspective [1] . Islam does not encourage […]
Establishment: It was founded in 1903 in Georgia as a manufacturing of disposable paper cones for the growing textile industry. Employees: Westfield employed more than 1000 person in operations throughout the United States. Position: Westfield was the leading manufacturing of paper tubes for the paper industry, the 3rd largest manufacturing of composite cans, and one […]
Emirates NBD is a bank which came into being on 16 October 2007 after the merger of Emirates Bank International and National Bank of Dubai. Since, the two banks were among the top four banks of the region; their merger made them the leading banking group with the largest asset base. It is the fastest […]
In this report it has been critically done the analysis of financial statements of PepsiCo along with the comparison of close and distant competitors existing in the industry. In this report it has also been tried the way how to calculate financial statements ratios with definitions and their calculated ratios interpretations in an easy language […]
Sarbanes-Oxley Act An audit is an examination and verification of a company’s financial and accounting records. It also supports documents by a professional, such as certified public accountant. Until the 90’s, the audits did not focused on controls like they do today. Because of the early 21st century scandals of Enron Corp, WorldCom Group Inc., […]
The Central Bank of Greece is called the Bank of Greece. Its head quarter is in Athens. It is established in 1927. It is preceded by National Bank of Greece (1928) and succeeded by European Central Bank (2001). The Bank of Greece is still exists but most of the functions are performed by the ECB.The […]
Introduction The growth of businesses is noted to be one of the main factors behind economic development of many countries. The success of business sectors especially small and medium sized enterprises (SME) has positive impact on the economic development of most countries, more notably in the developing countries. Business sectors including SME do not only […]
A healthy and vibrant economy requires a financial system that moves funds from people who save to people who have productive investment opportunities Mishkin, 2009. Therefore, the first and most important aim of each economy in any country is to preserve a long term economic growth and to maintain efficiency in the lending-borrowing process. For […]
This assignment is about financial strategies and paying special attention to the allocation of an enterprise’s long-term capital resources. Financial and investment decisions play an important role in the development and future existence of the firm dynamics. Firstly, the goal of this project is to determine the initial aim of the firm by making capital […]
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) has been invented by Sharpe (1964), and Lintner (1965)’ after the work of Markowitz’s in 1959. Since then the model has known tremendous success, its simplicity has lured many professionals and academics as well. Despite many criticisms, the CAPM is still used in modern finance and is widely present […]
Some of the well known Brands from the house of Murugappa are ; BSA and Hercules for bicycles , Ajax and ballmaster are known for abrasives , Parryware is a market leader in sanitaryware , gromor and framos are known for fertilizers .One of their product , neem Azal (made from neem) is a market […]
Trade and commerce has been an important aspect of globalization. Since the 19th century, when the colonial era was at its peak, foreign markets were the reason for colonial wars since the importance of foreign markets were realized. However, towards the end of the colonial era, when newly independent countries began to build their economies […]
Amount of Capital Raised On May 18th, 2012 Facebook had its initial public offering. The company offered 421,233,615 shares priced at $38.00. This enabled Facebook to raise about $16 billion on the first day of IPO. The company was valued at about $104 billion at its listing. The approximately $16 billion capital raised was split […]
Derivatives It is a kind of financial Security whose price is derived from or dependent upon one or more underlying assets.A The derivative itself is simply a contract between two or more parties. ItsA value is determinedA by variationsA in the underlying asset.A Some common underlying assets includeA stocks, bonds,A commodities,A currencies and interest rates. Derivatives are mostly characterized by high leverage.A Forward contracts, […]
Most well- run companies make extensive use of ratios internally, to monitor and to ensure efficient running of the organisation. To analyse Burberry plc on manager’s perspective, first of all explain the role of the managers. Managers are people in charge of the day to day running of the business for maximum profitability and efficient […]
Over the last ten years, Islamic banking has developed significantly. It has evolveded global rates of 10-15 % per year and has gotten an increasing number of conventional financial systems. At present Islamic financial institutions have stretched through 51 countries all over the world. As a result, the modern banking system was introduced to Islamic […]
INTRODUCTION Principal-Agent Relationships for Investment Purposes Principal-Agent relationships occur in many forms in business. Understanding these relationships is crucial for investors in order to make better investment decision. Theory of Principal-Agent Relationships The relationships between and among multiple stakeholders is complicated and provides many opportunities for one party to gain at the expense of another […]
Diversification refers to the strategies of reducing economic risk by investing in assets whose performance is not affected by the same economic variables. A group of assets forms a portfolio. A company can have two types of economic risks; financial risks and total operating risks. Financial risk results from use of debt capital in the […]
This paper aims to analyze financial information quality through financial and economic ratios, detecting whether they are affected by financial reporting standards; as well as, determining a group of factors that allow proving the capacity of ratios to measure accounting information quality, and thus, facilitate the analysis process to the groups of users. Design / […]
