The widely known Brownian motion was first introduced in 1828 by a Scottish botanist named Robert Brown. Brown used this concept in order to illustrate an irregularity in patterns of movement by pollen grains suspended in liquid. In 1900, Louis Bachelier considered the Brownian motion as a possible solution to modeling stock market prices. As […]
The accountant keeps all the owner’s personal transactions different from the transactions of hisA businessA of sole proprietorship. ForA legalA purposes, a sole proprietorship and its owner are considered to be one entity, but in accounting they are two separate entities. Monetary Unit Assumption: Any Economic activity taking place is measured in U.S. dollars, and the ones which can […]
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Get help with your assignmentRisks and returns are the two most important concepts in the investing world. The concept of return, which is the profit on investment, is a very clear subject to many investors but the risk is often vague. Several approaches had been employed over times to measure the risks associated with investment portfolios. Standard deviation is […]
The main functions of a modern commercial bank include receiving deposits of various natures, granting short- and medium-term loans by way of overdrafts, discounting of bills and commercial papers, advances against securities for business and households, long-term mortgage financing and investments in capital markets. In some markets, commercial banks are also undertaking merchant banking. All […]
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Professional ethics is concerned with the personal and corporate standards of behaviour expected of individuals working in acknowledged professions. These ethical behaviours are of great importance when a business provides service to the public especially when their actions or inactions have consequences on the stakeholders. As a bank, GHF is a business which […]
ROCE is a comprehensive profitability indicator because it measures managements ability to generate earnings from a companys total pool of capital. It should always be higher than the rateA at whichA the company borrows; otherwise any increase in borrowing will reduce shareholders’ earnings. The ratio at the start of the period is 16.9% and at the end […]
Title: Corporate Finance – Topps Tiles 1. Topps Tiles is one of the leading UK retailer and distributor of ceramic tiles, wooden flooring and related products. It is a FTSE 250 index company. Topps Tiles is a highly cash generative company with rapidly increasing earnings per share. Over the last five years, its earnings per […]
Introduction: This chapter high light the concept, principle and future of the Interest-free banking around the world particularly and importantly in Pakistan, which is officially; “The Islamic Republic of Pakistan” (www.pakistan.gov.pk). World is experiencing a large-level of growth in Interest-free banking and finance not only in Muslim countries but also in economically big Non Muslim […]
Introduction The project proposal was made in 2009 and is to be located in Kenya, at the southern end of Lake Turkana. The project has a concession area of about 150Km2 for 99 years renewable every 33 years and the project is expected to last 25-30 years. The aim of the project is to Finance […]
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) allow all investors, as opposed to only the most affluent ones to invest in real estate. Apart from this, shares in REITs are more liquid than actual property. Finally, double taxation is avoided, because REITs are exempt from corporate taxes if they distribute 90% of their taxable income in form […]
Trade credit is very informal and is hard to monitor and therefore are often overlooked in policy and research (Paul and Boden, 2011). The common setback of trade credit management is late payment, which may arise from abusive power behavior by large companies towards small suppliers. The UK government authorities have created numerous policies that […]
Foreign direct investment being an important determinant of economic growth was affected badly during the recent financial crisis causing unemployment, fall in output and consequently losses.Therefore there has it has been of great importance to analyse it closely and develop appropriate strategy to ammeliorate the situation. The purpose of the research proposal in to provide […]
Portfolio Theory is a theory of investment which try to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or evenly minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully choosing the proportions of various assets. The expected return on a portfolio is calculated on the stocks which comprise the portfolio. The weights reflect the proportion of the portfolio […]
Nigeria is a country that is endowed with abundant natural and human resources, but consumed with the delusion of oil wealth. Prior to the discovery of oil in the 1960s, the Nigerian economy was largely dominated by agriculture and mining. However, this is no longer the case due to the heavy dependence of the country […]
1.1 OBJECTIVE A survey among Indian corporate managers in 2006 by Grant Thornton found that Mergers & Acquisitions are a significant form of business strategy today for Indian Corporate. The three main objectives behind any M&A transaction, for corporate today were found to be: Improving Revenues and Profitability Faster growth in scale and quicker time […]
Introduction The world economic crisis resulted from the financial crisis in the US real-estate market and spread to the entire world. This economic crisis is considered a major economic crisis which will last for more years with heavy impacts on the world economy. The UN predicted that world economic growth will not exceed 1 % […]
Chapter 4 PRELIMINARY COSTING A large sum of money is required to purchase and install the necessary machinery and equipment before the full operation of industrial plant. Land and service facilities must be obtained and the plant must be constructed with all the piping system, controls and services, together with the money for the payment […]
Public Prisons vs. Private Prisons Introduction Most people will never go to prison in their life. Without a personal connection to the prison system in the United States, most people just don’t care about it. They don’t think of violence, reoffending or fair salaries for the workers. They don’t care if someone goes to jail […]
The objective of the study is to investigate which factors are causing under-pricing of Indian IPOs. As well as it gives a deep knowledge of the Indian Stock market to the Author, as Author intents to have its own Investment firm. Introduction Firms often require raising capital in order to expand their operations. One of […]
This report has been produced as a request of the course “International Financial Management”. This report has been developed in three segments. Part one explaining the factors related to hedging and the alternative techniques available. It also brings into consideration the factor that the CEO’s request of the techniques have also been brought under and […]
Introduction to WH Smith PLC. WH Smith PLC is a UK company recognised as a newspaper, periodical and book retailer currently standing as an Ultimate Owner. Historically owned, WH Smith was established in 1792 as an Ltd, originally family owned and passed down until the last family member owned all ordinary shares and considered the […]
Pakistan is living in a highly integrated world and a major turmoil of this magnitude and would definitely create certain implications for Pakistan’s economy. Pakistan already reeling from high food and fuel prices could face adverse consequences of the global financial crisis. The country’s economy is already confronted with worst kind of macroeconomic imbalances and […]
Peregrine Financial Group inc. known as PFGBest. This company is investing for a long term probability of success for customers, it offering different group of products, technologies and services including futures, forex, futures options, full-service brokerage, precious metals, trader education, and, of course, direct online trading with emphasis the opportunities of lower barrier to entry. […]
Literature Review The capital structure of the firm is made of two things, one is the level of debt and the other is the proportion of equity. The management of the firm has to decide an appropriate mix of both the funding sources for the smooth running of the firm and the maximization of the […]
Securities Commission of Malaysia defines REITs as ”an investment vehicle that proposes to invest at least 50% of its total assets in real estate, whether through direct ownership or through a single purpose company whose principal asset comprise real estate”. Shares of REITs company are publicly traded in major stock exchange and it is viewed […]
The report gives the development scheme of the well for the recompletion process. The various possible combination are analysed based on the given recoverable volume and the cost of the crude per barrels. The well production capacity (well development option), oil processing facility, and the transportation are considered. Out of all the possibilities, a single […]
The performance measurement system of a firm has a strong influence on the behavior of its people. Performance measurement is the basis of every system like cost system, planning system, capital budgeting system, personal assignments, promotions, reorganizations, budget allocations- the mechanisms, built up over years by which every thing runs in a company. Organizations measurement […]
Financing Proposed : The purpose of this written lending submission is to explore the possibility of lending $5 million to AHC Limited Purpose : Funding in the construction of new office buildings in the area of Northern New South Wales Business Description and History AHC Limited (AHC) is a property development company based in Queensland. […]
Conventionally the Bank performance is evaluated by analysis of the financial ratios. However, despite of quite a few number of ratios being calculated, a sculpt that completely convinces the analysis of requirements and bank operations’ efficiency evaluation is yet to be developed. Hence for these reason, the financial ratio analysis is balance with unlike eminence […]
AVIVA is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. We are one of the world’s leading global insurance groups. We are the fifth largest insurance group in the world, based on gross written premiums for the 2008 year. We are one of the top five providers of long-term insurance and […]
