Most people, at some point in their lives, have noticed the uniqueness and complexity of the human mind. Unlike other substances, we cannot sense its being, see its color or feel its shape. But on the other hand, the mind contains our bodily sensations and even controls our movements. The constant talk inside that tells our stories and plans our future is too vivid for us to deny the existence of a mind. However, it seems hard to accommodate the […]
Non-traditionalism and individuality are used as the major formulators of personal identity. Throughout the use of poetry literature has played an important role in society. With the use of language, it has given it a symbolic tone to the readers perspective. Each author has their own style of writing and the message they are trying to convey to audience, finding a way to insert emotions and personal experience to form a connection. Walt Whitman and Dostoevsky were well known writers […]
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Get help with your assignmentIn “Makropulos Case”, Bernard Williams argues that death is necessary for life to remain interesting. The starting point of Williams’ thoughts is the play “The Makropulos Affair” by Karel ?apek, in which the character, Elina, after drinking an elixir acquires an incredibly long life (342 years and beyond). Endless life led the character not to happiness, but to boredom and a feeling of cold indifference. She does not want to do anything, because the awareness of infinity paralyzes all activity: […]
Many individuals tend to wonder what it truly means to have a personal identity. We often find ourselves asking who am I? What truly makes us who we are? Is it our memory or our physical appearance? According to our textbook, Bertrand Russell states, “Many philosophers, it is true, have held that philosophy could establish the truth of certain answers to such fundamental questions” (Russell 11). The true meaning of personal identity has been a subject of debate between many […]
Philosophy of Self In studying the topic of individualism and self-identity, we must ask ourselves which of the philosophies of self are most relevant today? After reading and analyzing the short story, The Masque of the Red Death I became fascinated with the human condition. Thanks to the insight and supporting nature of my English teacher I found a new passion for learning about philosophy. In order to encompass this message, I found a quote by the great Manly P. […]
What is freedom? How is it exercised? Do we have it? If such questions were asked to people around the world, then the responses would vary. However, one commonality between the answers would be that the concept of freedom includes that one consciously acts on a decision made. Two philosophers, both considered to be compatibilist, will agree that determinism is true and the freedom of spontaneity exists, but the biggest difference between both understandings of freedom is what is needed […]
Freud’s, theory of the unconscious challenged different parts of Locke’s, Butler’s, and Hume’s theories of personal identity. Although Freud was pretty straightforward with his arguments towards his thinking of personal identity, the three philosophers come up with their own theories which are challenging to some ideas Freud brought up during his theory. First, Freud believed that the unconscious mind was a force of feelings and thoughts. He believed that the unconscious mind came from memories that was caused from the […]
Dualism is the view that the mind and the body are fundamentally distinct entities. There are two main types of dualism, substance and property Dualism. Both types of Dualism are formed from the mind-body problem, which is, what is the relation between our mental lives and the physical aspects of our brains and bodies? Substance or Cartesian Dualism views the mind and body as distinct substances and is the view Descartes (318). Property Dualism, argued for by Jackson, believes mental […]
Do we really know who we are? Science has given us some scenarios to consider that seem far out and not possible. However, the issue of who we are is not that clear. characteristics of personality as well as its qualities play an important role in uncovering the essence of the philosophical relationship between the human being and the universe. They simultaneously help to understand why the human world is so different from the natural world and why it remains […]
Introduction David Hume (1711–1776) was a Scottish philosopher well-known for his empirical, skeptical and naturalist system of views. Hume’s empiricism is characterized by theory of impressions and ideas. In his central work, “A Treatise of Human Nature,” he outlines the way ideas are acquired. The philosopher asserts that insights are gained from experience, whereby experience may be understood to mean consciousness and reflective understanding of the mind (Dicker 5). From this basic definition, Hume formulates his numerous propositions. Epistemology In […]
Explain the difference between so-called ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ (a.k.a. compatibilist) determinism.Present an argument in favor of hard determinism. Explain- Compatibilism refers to the assertion that determinism is compatible with freedom in which people can be held morally responsible when making their own choices. There are different types of determinism which allows for different assertions of compatibilism. The difference between ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ determinism is that ‘hard’ determinism is incompatibilist determinism, and ‘soft’ determinism is compatibilist determinism. This means that ‘soft’ […]
Utilitarianism was introduced because of the influence of the civil and industrial revolutions which led to the emergence of a new class of citizens who had influence in freedom and equality. The revolution brought many benefits to the individuals and put them in a state of free competition. However, each individual’s interests caused not only conflicts but also conflicts between individuals and society. In the end, people demanded a reorganization of morals and laws to resolve such conflicts. Utilitarianism comes […]
The definition of what a woman truly is has been debated by philosophers for quite some time. In hindsight, the definition would appear to be quite simple, but in reality, it has millions of different interpretations. Not to mention the abundance of reasoning behind why each definition is different. The human experience and what the body is capable of is undeniably the most crucial part of these philosophers’ definitions. Simone de Beauvoir’s idea of “what is a woman?” is complex. […]
In Waiting for Godot, Samuel Beckett questions the nature of human existence on earth. The argument can be made that Beckett is examining the role of religious belief in society, and how it affects the human condition. Since humans will never know the true state of existence of a god or a higher power, life, it would seem, is a quest to search for an alternate explanation. We find ourselves constantly searching for the meaning of life and self-fulfillment, while subconsciously […]
Aristotle, then to expound on what it means for the function of man is the activity of the soul and how it determines Eudaimonia displays his thoughts through the “Movement of Action”. The Movement of Action, comprised of either voluntary or involuntary actions. Aristotle states that one’s actions directly correlate to their virtues. Actions that are taken voluntarily aligning properly with a virtue are those presenting good actions. Such in example of the Crash Course video, the lecturer states that […]
Is it real? All that is on TV today is reality TV show after reality TV show and majority of them are about finding their “true love”. If you have not seen any of these types of shows, let’s just have a quick summary. Basically, what happens is a man or women is given 8 to 12 weeks to find their “true love” out of about 12 to 40 candidates that the show has picked for them. Majority of these […]
Can science and religion cope with one another? Creationism vs Evolution is not a battle of science vs the Bible, but it is a battle of God’s word vs man’s word. In the creation vs evolution debate and controversy over scriptural authority, a great part of the debate may move toward becoming more clear if writers would cautiously give perusers exact meanings of vocabulary. What is evolution? The definition of evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species […]
In John Locke’s “Of Identity and Diversity,” Locke makes the following claim: person X at time t2 is identical to person Y at time t1 if and only if person X at time t2 remembers what person Y at time t1 saw and did. In this paper, I will explain this claim and show how Locke uses it to develop his theory of personal identity. Then, I will show that Locke’s theory does not work because of 1) its failure […]
Personal identity is a special case of a more general topic, the survival (or, as philosophers often say, the persistence) of objects over time. Bernard Williams insists that bodily continuity is always a necessary criterion of personal identity. His essay “The Self and the Future” discusses the two cases of a thought experiment which lead the readers to intuit two distinct conclusions on the preservation of the personal identity. The methodological similarities between these two instances are significantly notable. Upon […]
He believed that you are the same person for whatever time span your memories could go back. Without analyzation the theory may appear to seem plausible, but I will dismiss this by exploiting his lacking thoughts by using Thomas Reid’s … to support my claim. Before determining what criteria would be used to answer if an individual was the same over time, Locke explored other choices. He initially hoped to check whether sameness of body could be a good criterion […]
There are numerous views on what it means to have an individual’s identity and what exactly “makes you the person you are.” Personal identity has been a major topic in philosophy ever since the beginning, and the most considerable thinkers have had something to say about it. John Perry discusses four different theories of personal identity: body theory, soul theory, memory theory, and brain theory. The psychological theory in my opinion makes the most sense when trying to understand the […]
What makes up personal identity? This question was first posed within Dan Dennett’s, “Where am I?” When it comes to personal identity there are two things people fixate on, which is the brain and body. We see that many philosophers engage in this argument of whether the brain or body makes you a person. Till this day, there isn’t a right or direct answer to this question, and this is why a plethora of philosophers speak out about their opinions […]
In the short story “The Story of an Hour,” by Kate Chopin, a psychological conflict occurs within the main character, Louise Mallard. Mrs. Mallard suffers from heart trouble and is told her husband has passed away in a tragic train accident. Because of the incident, she isolates herself in her bedroom to mourne. By the end of the story, Mrs. Mallard shows the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud. To start off, there is a latent reaction that shows the appearance […]
The year is 2030. The UN has made one of the biggest decisions of its history. Even though not everyone agrees, and it will be very hard to come to a conclusion, they believe it is time to try our hand at forming a utopian world government. The UN has resurrected a cast of living and deceased philosophers from across world history. The UN has not allowed nations a say in this decision. Therefore, it is up to the smartest […]
Realist literature is considered as literary realism. It is a part of realist art movement to present things in their native or original form. There is no place for elaboration and Imagination. Realism was started so that people can know the reality of actual world. On the other hand, naturalism literature considered as a type of extreme realism. It emphasizes on the roles of family in a person life. It also tries to explain the social values in their raw […]
Realism describes essential cultural changes. Realism can be on aspect of realist art movement to show things in native or original form. Realism was begun to stimulate people so that they can know the reality of the actual world. On the other hand, naturalism literature represented as a type of extreme realism. It highlights the roles of family in a person life. It also exhibits the social values in their raw forms and describes the environmental condition which has a […]
Are you the same person overtime? Am I the same person overtime? Is infant Sabrena Ford the same as sixteen year old Sabrena Ford who, later, is still the same as 32 year old, married, Sabrena Edwards? What makes Sabrena the same Sabrena overtime? What has remained constant within Sabrena that defines her as a person is her soul. The Soul Theory can be defined under the Ego Theory which states: A persons continued existence cannot be explained except as […]
At some point in our lives, we have wondered or even wished to be someone else due to multiple reasons to include wealth, fame, physical appearances, physical or mental abilities. The theme of this movies, ‘Being John Malkovich’ investigates cases of individual identity and the presence of a conscious mind. In this paper, I will discuss some of the topics of this movie in comparison to some of the philosopher’s theories we have studied. This movie, if it were real, […]
Descartes writes let us reflect that possibly neither our hands nor our whole body are such as they appear to us to be in his first meditation. If we can sense our hands and body with all of our senses, however, are they still deceived? By this I mean that if we can use all of our senses (see, touch, smell, taste, sometimes hear) to understand our bodies and hands, can we believe our senses are true then? b. Descartes […]
Ren© Descartes was an analytical genius. He conceived and articulated ideas about the nature of knowledge that were essential to the Enlightenment and created the philosophical underpinnings for the development of modern science, which included the idea that laws of nature are constant and are sufficient to explain natural phenomena. Descartes felt that truth was clear and accessible to the ordinary human intellect, if the search for truth was directed properly. Two of his writings, Rules for the Direction of […]
