About Industrial Pollution of Water, Land and Atmosphere Causing Environmental and Health Issues

Since the early 1800s, industries have supplied companies with product goods and raised their countries’ economies. For instance, Since the outbreak of the coronavirus in 2019, textile industries have supplied pharmaceutical companies with medical masks and rubber gloves to avoid spreading the disease thus increasing their profit. However, industries have impacted the environment negatively.

Many chemicals, that are emitted from factories find their way into the water land and atmosphere causing environmental and health issues. Yet, industries accelerate the country’s economy. Therefore, I produced this question, “should industries be a pillar to a country’s economy? To begin, my first perspective argues how textile industries have supplied individuals with employment. The Website, Muchin Personal RePEc, provides readers with economic research. A research paper called, “The impact of Chinese textile imports on employment and value-added in the manufacturing sector of the South African economy,” in South Africa by Bonga-Bonga, Lumengo, and Biyase, Mduduzi, establishes how China’s textile industries supply South Africans with employment and adds merit to South African companies. Professor Lumengo Bonga-Bonga studied at the University of Johannesburg in South Africa and has a Ph.D. in economics and is a member of South African Economic Society. (University of Johannesburg). Biyase works on the field of development economics and has drafted a research paper in poverty and unemployment. (University of Johannesburg). This paper is sectioned into six categories. The first category introduced the overall positive aspects of China’s textile industries and how it accesses South African people with employment and increases the value of the South African company. In the second category, it discusses the background of South African textile. the third category tackles on the rate of employment and the fabric companies, it illustrates the decline of employment in south African textile industries from 2012 to 2014 and how it rose from 2015 to 2016. Category four present the method used to present how China’s textile affected the employment rate in South Africa.

The fifth Category states qualitative data and sixth draw out a conclusion. In the introduction of the paper, it set up that Chinese industries have aided numerous South African companies to grow and open opportunities for employment and raise their economic growth. (Bonga-Bonga, Lumengo, and Biyase, Mduduzi, 2018) In Asia, an analogous situation occurred in India. An article from Invest India National Investment Promotion and Facilitation Agency called, “Textile Industry: India textile and Apparel Industry” argues about how the textile industries contribute to India’s economy and its people. The author, Dr. Aastha Tyagi, has a doctoral in Centre for Modern Indian Studies from University Goettingen.

She completed a Master’s in philosophy in the Department of Sociology in Delhi School of Economics at the University of Delhi in India with the First Division. In addition, Tyagi also has a master’s in media and Culture Studies from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, with a Mumbai Grade Point Average of 7.6. (Göttingen Centre for Genderstudie). Tyagi wrote in his article presenting that the Indian textile industry is one of the biggest employers for Forty-Five million people, in addition, it promotes the Gross Domestic Product and the country’s exports gross. (India National Investment Promotion and Facilitation Agency) Moreover, on the website, investing in Indonesia, there is an article called, “Palm Oil.” The article discusses how the Palm Oil industry in Indonesia is necessary for its economy. Indonesia produces about 36,000.000 tons of palm oil. The palm oil industry contributes about one to two percent of Indonesia’s gross domestic product and provides employment to millions of Indonesians. The palm oil industry is thriving overall and has increased the wealth of the Indonesian economy for the following reasons that are current now: the industry is having huge profits while producing a simplistic product because of the significant increase of international demands. To add, the production of crude palm oil is the lowest globally and has the highest production.

Investing in Indonesia is a website that brings awareness to foreigners about the potentials of the Indonesian economy, there understanding of their culture, society, religion, and, the difficulties of building a company in Indonesia due to the country’s bureaucracy. (Investing in Indonesia, 2017) Furthermore, in Germany, at Deutschland.de, which is a German website that talks about business, politics, life, environmental and cultural aspects of Germany, there is an article called, “Why is the German economy so strong?” by the editorial staff: Martin Orth. The article discusses the important sectors that supply Germany’s wealth. Industries like the electrical, motor engineering and chemical industry are the pillars of Germany’s economy. Due to these industries, the German employment rate has increased, for example, the motor industry like Volkswagen has one of the highest employment rates in the country. (Orth, 2018) On the other hand, for my second perspective, industries like the agriculture industry are associated with industrial pollution. Industrial pollution is when industries leak their waste, like chemicals, to the environment due to the lack of waste management.

Inside Conflict and Environmental Observatory, which is a website that reveals the negative outcomes of the humanitarian consequences of conflict and military events towards the environment, one of their articles called, “The slow violence of pollution in Afghanistan” discusses how Afghanistan agriculture has leaked pesticide, nitrate, and contaminates in landfills because of their poor constructed septic tanks. In addition, since Afghanistan relies on its agriculture industry heavily, it has contaminated the Afghanistan water source. Elevated levels of arsenic, boron, fluoride, and sulfate are found in 80 percent of their water. Ehsanullah Hayat and Alper Baba are the authors of these articles. Hayat has studied in the Middle East Technical University and has obtained a master’s degree in Construction Engineering and Management, his interest in the field of Construction Risk Management, and Strategic Management of Construction Companies. Additionally, he is one of the candidates for a Ph.D. in water resources engineer division, he is currently researching drought and trend in Afghanistan. (ResearchGate). Professor Dr. Alper Baba has a Doctoral in hydrogeology from Dokuz Eylul University in Izmir. Dr. Baba has taught in the field of groundwater contamination, geothermal energy, and hydrogeology in the Izmir Institute of Technology. (Weir, 2020). Moreover, back to India, in an article called “Mining And Its Impacts On Environmental With Special Reference To India” talks about how the mining industry increases chemical reactions because of the removal of Sulphide rocks and surplus materials that are exposed to the air and the environment. In addition, mining operations can affect the groundwaters negatively because of the connection of the hydraulic between the surface and groundwater which increases pollution in the waters.

Huge industrial machines generate dust when it is powered on, this dust can move up to the air and travel to the neighborhood which can create health problems. Extracting rocks below the surface has caused severe damage to the ecology, it pollutes sediments and can lower the pH of the soil which can cause vegetation and habitat loss. The aquatic life is affected negatively by the amount of soil and minerals dumped on the river stream. To add there is also a loss of fertility in the soil. Syed Maqbool Geelani, Bhat, S.J.A, Syed Hanifa Geelani, Sham Sul Haq, Naseer Ahmad Mir, Gazalea Qazi, and Shahid Wani are the author of this article. Syed Maqbool Geelani, Sham Sul Haq, and Shahid Wani studied in the division of environmental science at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir in Srinagar. Bhat, S.J.A, Naseer Ahmad Mir, and Gazella Qazi have studied in the Faculty of Forestry at Sher-e-Kashmir University sciences and Technology of Kashmir in Srinagar.

And at last, Syed Hanifa Geelani research in the Department of Food Sciences and Technology at the University of Kashmir in Srinagar. (Haq, 2013). In the article, “Russian Industry causes dangerous pollution spike in neighboring Norway” discusses the negative environmental impact caused by the emissions from industries. The article was published at Bellona, a non-profit organization that brings awareness to climate change.

Their offices are in Murmansk and St. Petersburg, and Brussels in Belgium. Bellona researches and writes about fossil fuels, Russian human rights issues, renewable energy, and much more. The article discusses how factory emits chemicals like nickel smelting into the atmosphere producing a smog. Citizens who had the cardiovascular disease were urged to stay indoors and limit outdoor activities because of the elevated levels of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.

Schools closed because of the smog and vehicle accidents were more prominent. Since Norway is in the borderline with Russia. Russia’s industrial pollution has affected Norway’s Environnement. Charles Digges is the author of this article. He has a bachelor’s and a master’s degree in Russian literature from Havard University. Digges has drafted articles about major conflict and climate change.

Diggies has worked as a journalist for many companies such as The Moscow Times and The Amsterdam Volkskrant. (Digges, 2019). Furthermore, In the article “Status of Air Pollution in Botswana and Significance to Air Quality and Human Health” Modise Wiston, the author of the article, studied in the research facility of physics in the University of Botswana. Winston’s article was published in The Journal of Health and Pollution, they publicized articles that illustrate the harmful pollution and the effects on human health in poor and middle-income countries. (LinkedIn). The purpose of this paper is to supply awareness to readers about air pollution and its cause in Botswana. The article, “Status of Air Pollution in Botswana and Significance to Air Quality and Human Health” mentions how Botswana industrialization has negatively affected the countries environment. The emission of industries and vehicles has caused respiratory health problems to the country’s people and has increased the rate of infant mortality.

Although Botswana industries is a pillar to the country’s wealth, it was announced to be one of the most polluted countries. Their industries generate dust because of the desertification and rapid soil loss that it results in a forest fire, deforestation, wind-blown erosion, and a lack of vegetation, this affects them locally but spreads regionally. Coal-operating industries have caused more pollution in the atmosphere then other factories, this creates smog and makes it difficult for people to drive and breathe. (Wiston, 2017) Throughout the analysis of the opposing argument, my opinion on this topic has changed as a result of the supporting details and evidence from the research papers and articles. At first, I thought that industries were a detriment to their countries because of the harmful waste and chemicals that they emit. Although I still strongly believe that industries are harmful to their country because of industrial pollution, through the making of this paper, I have acknowledged that industries are the pillars of the increase of wealth in the economy of developing countries. Thus, my research has aided me to complete my final judgment.

Albeit in the start I believed that industries were harmful to the environment, I now completely understand that industries help the country’s economy to rise and especially in low to middle-income countries. Industries supply jobs to individuals and help increase the country’s Gross Domestic Production (GDP). Without industries, the countries unemployment rate would increase and result in a downfall in the economy because of the lack of production. Nevertheless, further research would be needed to perfect my paper and to make a defined conclusion on why should industries be the pillars of a country’s economy.

More research must be done to complete the dissimilitude between the two perspectives and produce valid arguments and finding more research on how industries affect the human health and the environment, in addition, more statistics on how it contributes to the economy and more global source would be needed to create a globalized conclusion.

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