Month: July 2021
Shorter School Days
Do you remember when you were a kid in school? Almost everyone does, especially how long and boring the school days were. Two out of three high-school students in a large survey say they are bored in class every single day and there are reasons. School is too long and causes many problems for students. Kids are not employees and shouldn’t be treated like them by going to school for 6-8 hours. School days should be shortened because School the way it is is unhealthy, disliked by most, and isn't efficient.
Even though shortened school days have multiple benefits, there are also benefits for school the way it is. School days are fantastic because of the great timing so that it fits in perfectly with parents work schedule. However, The average worker doesn't start work until 8:24 am and the school start times can vary from around 7:30 am to 9:00 am or later. Schools can end from around 2:15 to 3:35 and the Average American works until 4:30 PM.In reality, school and work time will never be very compatible.
To begin with, sleep is very important. With school being so long, it’s near impossible to get finished with homework and after school activities while getting the recommended amount of sleep. Studies show that ¼ of teens go to bed after 11:30 pm on week/school nights. “A solid body of literature has found that insufficient sleep in this young population is tied to poor mental health, including depression, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation”. This is a big problem considering people are thinking about suicide; schools can help this, but are choosing not to. Additionally, ”Not getting enough sleep is common among high school students and is associated with several health risks including being overweight, drinking alcohol, smoking tobacco, and using drugs, as well as poor academic performance.” Sleep is very important to all, and with school getting in the way of it is a big indicator that something must be altered.
Furthermore, “Shorter school hours, however, are in the best interest of students, teachers and administrators, as they would have more free time outside of school for extracurricular activities, work or relaxation time.” A woman from india had moved here with 2 kids, one had 2 years of elementary school in india, and one just starting school. She had seen a huge difference with how tired and worn out after school in America they were. The reason was that “In India, schools are open 200 days a year for grades 1-5, for a total of 800 instructional hours per year, compared to 220 days and 1,000 instructional hours in grades 6-8”. Students feel like they have no freedom and are being pushed around by the school. We are forced to sit at desks as though schools try to contain us and that they we are not able to be ourselves. They are forced to sit in a chair for long periods and to complete assignments all day. The repetitiveness of this event results in students not caring for school as much, which soon makes their grades decrease.
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Shorter School Days. (2021, Jul 01).
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Cultural Awareness
Cultural awareness or intelligence defined by (Aldhaheri, 2017) in general means understanding capability of individuals on how they work and have control efficiently. In the past few years, due to globalization there has been a huge growth in percentage of people migrating to different countries for various purposes mostly for new career options. Apart from people migrating there is a growth in projects being outsourced to other countries and also having project team members from various geographical locations. All these factors have been contributing to project teams having cross cultural members who bring innovative thinking and are being the sources of different experiences due to their unique cultural characteristics. Cultural awareness is considered to be an important soft skill experience needed in project management to have successful projects along with hard or technical skills like scheduling.
Cultural awareness enables one to know how to apply a strategy, work with multiple teams, transfer knowledge to a team comprising people from different cultural backgrounds, as every team member or team might understand the actual intent of what is being conveyed differently. As per the research done by (Ajmal, Helo, & Kaseem, 2017) effects of having cultural differences between teams or team members could either be hurdles for collective performance or could be the important strategies that could help the organizations to have a long run with a professional reliability. Cultural differences not only mean that they are from a different culture but also that they are from different working environments like the methodologies (agile, waterfall) they used to work.
Cultural awareness training and it’s results. To sustain the cultural differences and have successful projects the project management should be training their mangers and team members as well. As per the research done by (Isaac, Rahimi, Meshkati, Madabushi, & al, 2005) NASA has conducted training sessions for their teams to learn about the cultural awareness and it resulted changes that are in progress. To have success with these trainings the project management should show a strong interest. (Isaac, Rahimi, Meshkati, Madabushi, & al, 2005) in their study have compared numerous NASA locations and other vendors results in key risk and safety related areas, which showed that the results would impact decision making process, conflict resolution, risk assessment, possibilities and reserve planning in the upcoming projects. The study by (Isaac, Rahimi, Meshkati, Madabushi, & al, 2005) mentions that have used NASA’s Lessons Learned Information System (LLIS) to know that they had some processes set by their investigation board in place that gathered lessons learned due to the mistakes made in the past. Even with the process of collecting information regarding the lessons learned was done they were never successfully able to apply those to new projects. This was also observed in other industries culture were implementation of the lessons learned in their following projects was not fruitful.
The research done by (Isaac, Rahimi, Meshkati, Madabushi, & al, 2005) have mentioned some of the key actions and the results that were due to lessons learned, which are:
• There was a successful culture change by developing a brand-new organized project, process management tools and executions based on the lessons learned.
• The training helped the project managers to have a clarity over the project budget, scheduling, quality and understand on how to approach their trade-offs and interactions with the teams.
• They had standardized some of new practices and procedures of development.
The results found in the study can be achieved by numerous industries based on the information available through which the project management should step up and implement new process and practices.
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Cultural Awareness. (2021, Jul 01).
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“The Lottery” Shirley Jackson (foreshadowing)
In the short story “The lottery” Shirley Jackson establishes a theme of following tradition blindly. This story is basically about the people in town refusing to let go a tradition that was called the lottery and, they would sacrifice somebody from their village every summer to keep the numbers down so there would be enough food. Also, the town was caught up in a tradition that was not in their best interest. The villages would gather together and await for the arrival of Mr. Summers and the black box, and would determined who be the sacrificed for that year. Jackson has plenty of messages that were in this short story. The most important message was that shows how corrupt and violent people can be to one another, and how tradition can over power what the people would rather have.
Nevertheless, Jackson shows that people in the world are dedicating their lives based on old traditions that may not seem right to the people. Mr. Summers was very big on tradition, he lived through seventy-seventy years of the lottery and he got the black dot on his piece of paper which is very weird. The people in the village did not question him on the lottery and his leadership with it, but maybe he took the role of being the leader the village or maybe someone before him offered the leader of the village. It’s crazy Mr.Summers draws the names from the box, but also makes up the slips of paper with the black dot on it that ultimately gives their death date.
Furthermore, throughout the short story tradition plays a big role on how things go in there village. The village seems to be accumulating a violent murder each year around the same time, and each time there is a bizarre ritual that is took place and it shows how dangerous traditions are when people follow it. This was not an ordinary lottery where somebody ends up with a prize this was a kind where they win and die, but it did not seem like it. The kids were getting the stones together and everyone seemed to be happy not worrying about will they be the next victim of this gruesome tradition. The villagers are accepting this old tradition and are allowing their loved ones to die because of this tradition. They are blind to the tradition and feel as if though they can not make a change or even try to make a stand for what they think is wrong.
In conclusion, the lottery is a short story that is based on tradition, and that over goes anything else. This tradition has lead to many deaths over the years and nobody from the villagers has not put there foot down and said this enough. This tradition has had many winners and chosen to be the lucky ones, but really that black dot on the piece paper is the moment they lose their earthly form. This shows that some old traditions are not meant to be, and that the old people need to come with something new.
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“The Lottery” Shirley Jackson (foreshadowing). (2021, Jul 01).
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Technology doesn’t Make Us Lazy
The world is always changing to fit our needs. Technology helps satisfy our needs; however, in this topic technology is the advantage. Just a brief history, we didn’t have very much of anything; and if we did it wasn’t tech like. Well we had computers, however they were built into the walls. The phones were in the walls, brick phones, and if you had one it was either small or big. It wasn’t until the 80’s and 90’s that the world started progressing to become advanced in technology. Brands like Apple, Samsung, Microsoft, and others didn’t come out until later in time. Today’s society has ipads, iphones, computers, etc. The world is always pushing for more technology. Technology that makes unbelievable things come to life, ideas, strategies, aspects, etc. Through technology it helps make Medical Research, Travel, and Communication/Education better and easier for life.
Technology helps to make Medical Research better for life. It helps improve healthcare for the better of our needs. However, through technology it helps people to get the healthcare insurance they need to better themselves. The W.W.N. (Wide World Net) is a source for medical research and information; although in a report “in a 2004 survey of 8 million seniors who use the internet, only 66% said they searched healthcare information online. In 2009 24 million Americans reported the same.” (Business Insider), Also because of the time difference there was a growth in the population of people in the states, but the growth brought more use in technology. Medical research has become better because of the knowledge of treatment from technology to the examination table. Medical treatment is a smooth drive for certain things such as examinations, test, etc. Back before the technology it was mostly a guessing game for doctors. Let’s not forget the best change that has bettered life is the new machines, medicines, and treatments. Now that the doc.’s procedures are voice recorded it is easier to start and end. Medicines are a big factor for medical research, they have changed the way we think and see. Medical Researchers have found cures for things from the advancement in technology. As before the treatments are in and out close to 30 mins and 1 hour in some cases. The technology has made it easier to keep up with new files and old files for patients. On top of that the Doctors are quicker and easier to reach in ways through call, text, email, etc. Medical Research is a win because of the advancement in technology. Technology helps make life better through Medical Research.
Technology Helps to make Travel better for life. Because of the advancement in technology the time consuming in which it takes to plan a trip. It is as a snap of a finger to book a flight, hotel, car, etc. On most smartphones they have the passage to get on the internet through Wi-Fi or Data usage. From there they have the advantage to look at the entire thing they are traveling to and for. Instead of standing in line at the Airport, Bus Stop, and Train Station they have online tickets that your phone can be scanned by. When on a flight or ride as the passenger there is no need of being bored you can do just about anything with your hand-held objects from gaming, chatting, videoing, and pictures. The barrier of language has been broken by technology. Anyone can use their phone to see what something means in a different language by taking photos and using translate. Because of our hand-held items the payments to all things are safer and easier. Card carriers are all over the place they have Apple, Samsung, and others that do payments through the phone scanners. Technology has made trips more affordable, from different sites online. It has helped give us ideas, sites to see, things to do. Technology helps makes life better through travel.
Technology helps to make Communication/Education better for life. Technology has changed the way we learn. Exactly like in the begging the world is always changing. People can get their education from their desktop, laptop, etc. Online classes are held on day to day basis starting from high school, college, GED, ACT, SAT, and others. Courses have been made easier from technology. In class the teacher sends the work online strait from their computer to the students. The technology we bestow is helping.” Technology is a powerful tool that can support and transform education in many ways, from making it easier for teachers to create instructional materials to enabling new ways for people to learn and work together.” (Purdue University)
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Technology Doesn't Make Us Lazy. (2021, Jul 01).
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Why i Want to be a Critical Care Nurse?
When you ask a random stranger, friend, or family member, “what does being a nurse mean or what is a nurse?” Usually you will get an answer that goes along the lines of “ a nurse is someone who cares for the sick.” It sounds so simple from a person looking in but it is so much more than just caring for the sick. It’s about having the knowledge and understanding to care for that person and their family members. Having had some hospital experience I’ve seem how hard and how much work most nurses put in. I’ve worked alongside nurses and seen how exhausting it can get in a 12 hour period and then i wonder why make such an exhaustive job a career? Because It is such a rewarding feeling knowing that you are a part of someone’s wellness journey. That is why i want to do it. I have always wanted to become a nurse. Ever since i could remember. My mother was a nurse back in my country in Africa. She is very warm, loving, and compassionate and has a passion for caring for people. And I believe all those qualities point in my direction.
Nursing is not about the money but about the attitude and understanding you have towards a dying patient and their sorrowful family. Every one is different and each indivudial reacts differently to certain situations. I am confident in myself that i can handle any hard situation. After all, the well-being of the person I am caring for is what really matters, and I will go above and beyond to care for that person. I know that this is the path I am choosing and I will always be grateful and proud of my work as a nurse. I just need a chance to acquire the best knowledeg needed to become a nurse.
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Why I Want To Be A Critical Care Nurse?. (2021, Jul 01).
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What does it Mean to be Human?
Introduction
Human beings have long been defined as an organism, these organisms as states have human attributes that are unique to this particular organism. They are the attributes of human nature that differentiate us from other organisms. As there are many definitions of Who human beings are, research and varied psychological scholars have since believed that human being to have a physical structure. On this structure, they have two arms and legs, one nose and two eyes, toes and fingers on these limbs (Bourke, 2013). They have the same genetic code similar to those found in apes; this implies that our original definition of human being stands to be questioned. As others have tried defining humans, their result proved that this group has emotions. The theories soon dim out as other special of animals start to manifest the same abilities such as show and express their feelings.
Through science, we have come to understand that human beings are different species from other animals owing from the unique nature of their genetic code. They differ from other animals by their ability to reason and think, make relations and understand and manage connections. The group is dominant of all animals on earth. Aside from just having good intellectual ability, human beings are equipped with the ability to use these mental processes on thinking to conjure implement and organizes processes in a way that would make life easier for them. The paper seeks to analyze what it means to be human through the Psychological lenses of Dr. Victor E. Frankl. It will explore the different definitions and attempts made on the topic in contrast to Dr. Frankl's description.
Dr. Victor E . Frankl; What it means to be human?
Being human has supposedly been exhausted for decades as a topic without any standing definition. All the theories as explored by Freud Sigmund have withstood the test of time and evidence, where most have been and remain applicable even in the present day situation. On his ideas, before we understand what or who a man is, we have to observe the issues presented by thinking such as the subconscious mind and its roots. According to Freud, the core of all distresses lays conflicts that are brought by unconscious motives. Frankl believes that in understanding the true meaning of being human, one has to detach all elements that make people who they are. These are often add-on that we tie to our self such as families, love, hate, talents, wealth and emotions. His definition of ‘who a man is,’ is not simple but somewhat exploratory as is the means through which he came by it.
Evidence
On this account, the answer itself will come as a process; a process as expressed by Frankl took him a lot of time through suffering, denials, sorrow, and loss on both personal and material goods. He lost his family in the Nazi concentration camp. His sister was the only survivor in his entire family. Being man is in many ways being able to be weak where weakness comes naturally. Each man has his limits, others much stronger than other while other under the bar but none the less each breaks under a considerable amount of pressure often coming in from loss or physical pain (Frankl, 1959). Under this intense pressure, once a man breaks, they began to show their true individual unrelated or common traits. First according to Dr. Frankl, a man can result to call for help from another higher power; in this case, religion. He also points to love as the ultimate goal that man has dedicated millions of years to gather and pass down to his children (Frankl, 1959). He further goes to show that, “The foundation of man is through love and in love.”
Second, to these, understanding what mans values most can best be linked to his definition, man values everything and anyone close such as friends and relatives. When threatened to extreme proportions, a man’s mind will lose value in everything he holds dear when one stops to think of himself as a human being, the results to accepting his role in the group of people such as those in the concentration camp. He no longer looks at his self but rather as an element in the group. The situation or process often succeeds past this point What Does It Mean To Be Human?as most men accept defeat at this stage, claims Frankl.
Our decision also plays a critical role in defining who we are; who we decide sets us apart. Mans uniqueness indecision is also observed when he is in danger or threatens. You are a man when you lose the ability to make a rational decision under intense stress or pressure. “Our friends who thought they were being transferred from the camp had eagerly boarded the truck, from the photographs I could tell they were burnt in a hut not far from our camp,” (Frankl, 1959).
Human beings need or have a desire to values themselves to whatever their conscious accepts or approves (Frankl, 1959). As Frankl case reveals, while in the camp, they all had perceived themselves to be humans or people with value, but as time went by these values changed to a position we viewed ourselves as nonentities, mere shells void of any elements that once made us humans. Different theories such as those devised by Logotherapy, believe a man’s future can best define his role and responsibility on earth. As the book Frankln autobiography further claims, ‘a man's main quest is meaning. It is perhaps the very reason for his existence.' To sum it up, meaning gives him a reason to live.
Other Theories
The opposing forces to his theories believe that religions are the most efficient way to answer the meaning of being human. From the different version of evolutions, there is each faith with its account, one main account remains true (Bourke, 2013). This account states that there is a higher being; one that man recognizes and adores, two, a man was created for the sole purpose of serving and pleasing the higher power. To this theory, the higher power is responsible for defining man and his meaning over all the earthy creatures.
Conclusion
As the paper explores the different avenues that Dr. Frankl used to give his account of the true meaning of man, one thing remains a fact. His account is not made up as it is both personal and bitter from his own experience at the Nazi camp. He explains from a personal account. Man definition is in fact as his theories depict, we are not free from limits, our future defines us as it motivates us, we as humans need to value our lives to accept our human nature. Most of man is made from connection and relations. The science behind these processes can easily be proven. As much as man is a creation of The Almighty, Logotherapy puts him in the timeline that defines him best.
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What Does It Mean To Be Human?. (2021, Jul 01).
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Why did the World Plunged into WW2 in 1939?
World War Two started when Hitler claimed a defensive move by invading Poland.
When that happened, France and Britain disagreed with Germany invading so they declared war on Germany. World War II was the bloodiest war in human history,with over 60 million people killed. The United States have had Japan as the strongest ally during the war. When Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, in December 1941, The United States declared war on Japan with the help of Britain.
On September 1,1939, Hitler attacked Poland with the help of the Soviet Union which helped him divide Britain and France who had a treaty for military support if ever attacked by Germany. After German forces invaded Paris on June 14,1940, armistice was requested two days later by the government formed by Marshal Philippe Petain .By mid -July due to superior air technology the Germans were about to get within 200 miles of Moscow. By October disagreements between German commanders and harsh winters delayed advanced.
Bombing of Pearl Harbor took place on December 7,1941. Three hundred and sixty Japanese aircraft attacked the major us naval base in Hawaii. The ships that were destroyed were the USS Arizona, USS california,USS Downes destroyer,USS Utah, USS Shaw,and the USS Oklahoma claiming the lives of more than 2,300 troops. This served the unified opinion to join allied forces and to enter World War II. On December 8,1941 the United States congress declared war on Japan.
World War II ended in the time span of just one month, by the end of April in 1945. When the Soviet troops defeated Vienna they soon went to Berlin to take out the Italian guerrilla fighters who had recently killed the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. Soon after German troops fell in defeat in Italy. Over 32,000 survivors were rescued by U.S. forces from Dachau concentration camps. Later news was found that Adolf Hitler commited suicide in his underground bunker. On May 8th at 3am news was out that the war was finally over.
My personal connection is that my great grandfather fought in world war II.
HIs name is Clyde Nunley he enlisted on october 6, 1942. His enlisted state was ohio he was a private in the army and his statistics were, He was 5,5 and weighed 138 lbs. He was 20 years old when he went in. He is still alive today and is 96 years old, and lives in kentucky where he still performs as a gospel singer in area churches.Because of his service to our country as other veterans that served along with him gives us all the freedom to live in the greatest country.
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Why Did The World Plunged Into WW2 In 1939?. (2021, Jul 01).
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Edvard Munch is Author of the Scream Painting
Edvard Munch, 1896, Tempera and casein on cardboard, located in National Gallery and Munch Museum, Oslo, Norway. Munch’s art peace was originally called Der Schrei der Natur (The Scream of Nature). This art peace was made because Munch on a sunset walk outside suddenly the sun changed the way the sky looked, it was “a blood red”. Much thought about how that moment was an “infinite scream passing through nature”. Munch is his art peace made the fore ground figure become distorted to show that flow of nature. In the paining there is also other people in the background and it allows you to focus your attention of the character in the center of the painting that is showing a “screaming” emotion. Much in the textbooks says that “…the sky was like blood sliced with strips of fire..” he describes the sky to be vibrating with motion and made sure he used horror to describe the “scream” that he heard and felt through nature. Munch used swirling and unstable lines in this painting. The character that he crated on the foreground is covering its ears to block the piercing sound but he also crated him with the head of death and with an unsteady body movement. The two people in the back ground he made them unaffected to what was going on.
In Edvard Munch’s painting he is using the theme of the natural world. His purpose for this painting is to express something that he felt during a sunset on a walk outside. His art is a personal experience and he shared what he was feeling at the moment of that “scream”.
Sculptures have always been beautiful to me because it can have such a close relation to our human experiences. A lot of the art that has to do with oil on a canvas captures my attention now and makes me want to try to paint on a small canvas. I believe that with out art we lose one of our main attributes that makes us who we are. With out art we could not express our feelings and emotions and share it to others to help people relate.
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Edvard Munch Is Author Of The Scream Painting. (2021, Jul 01).
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Film ‘Wall-E’
The world is coming to an end and after seven hundred years humankind fled from the planet and one robot remains. The director Andrew Stanton created this award-winning film to capture a vision of a world and what it has become. WALL-E a robot has been left on earth and meets Eve who is a robot but more advance and detects living things on earth such as plants or anything of that sort. The movie’s major themes include romance, exploration, and foolishness. This movie has been one of the most exciting, loneliest, and interesting films that Stanton has created. The main characters in the film are WALL-E, Eve, and Captain B. McCrea. WALL-E is very loyal, dedicated to his work and creative to find news things to build. He stands for Waste Allocation Load Lifter Earth-Class and charges solar power batteries to continue his work. He uses is machine powered hands to crush waste and garbage to condense it down. Eve is very determined and sweet, as she is trying to find the plant that she has been destined to search for, but also she knows what she must do in order to save the planet. Captain B. McCrea is very careless and oblivious as resorted to self technology where they do not have to worry about anything or do anything. He only has to worry about his chair and the advance machinery that could possibly take the world over. It is becoming to the future where technology is everything and mankind starts to rely on technology to even do the daily tasks. The Steering wheel is very controlling and wants everything to himself. He is considered selfish and a controlling bot.
The cinematic experience is very interesting as the film is only created with little to no words throughout the movie. It is also a learning experience as it shows multiple example of how the world survived off of technology and how there is not anymore agriculture or work to do. Throughout the film, Eve and WALL-E play a intimate and romantic connection. Even though there are not much words spoken to each other, the little gestures that Eve shows WALL-E are important to watch for. WALL-E the little robot is fascinated with Eve when they first meet. Eve is very intrigued with WALL-E and all the things he accomplish and to grasp her attention. Another major theme is Foolishness and Folly, in the film littering and pollution is a bigger issue than anything else. An example is how humankind left earth to live in space with advance technology that does everything for them. This is effecting how the world is left behind to deteriorate in trash and filth because lack of recycle and sustaining the environment. As it seems like people did not care what the world came too. The techniques used in the film consisted of very little language and direct communication used. WALL-E and Eve used the little sounds and movement to understand each other. The music was a major technique to describe how the emotion was in that time of scene for example in the beginning of the movie it was a happier mood where wall-e was doing his own thing and fixing things up. Then towards the middle of the movie the sounds and effects would get more intense as they are reaching the conflict. This is where the plant or green living thing is taken to be analyzed.
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Theme of Hopes and Dreams
Themes in literary works are perhaps the most important takeaway for the story. A theme is the central topic, or what represents what drives the overall storyline, as well as the decisions of the characters within it. The Mill on the Floss, Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption, and the film Good Will Hunting all share the common overarching theme of hopes and dreams. Hope, aspirations, ambitions, and a feeling of optimism are all important elements to each of the works discussed. In each work, this overall theme of hopes and dreams motivates a particular character’s decisions and actions, and is an underlying concept throughout each story.
In The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, the theme of hopes and dreams is carried throughout the novel, particularly through Maggie Tulliver’s character. In fact, Maggie Tulliver may be representative of the author George Eliot’s own hopes and dreams for herself. Maggie’s intellectual and curious nature often refutes her family and society’s expectations for her, which leads to an internal struggle between following her own hopes and dreams, or following those in which her family had instilled upon her. In the novel, which took place during the Victorian Era, women are viewed much lower than men in society. Maggie often expresses her desire to be as intelligent as a man could be, despite being told that some knowledge is only meant for men, and not being able to attend school with her brother, Tom. Additionally, during this period, marriage and family was the ultimate dream in a woman’s life. However, Maggie goes against the societal rules of the era by following her own dreams and deciding to work as a governess, after which she was described as “a most undesirable niece” by her family (Eliot 420). She even rejects Philip’s marriage proposal and decides that she does not want to go through with her marriage with Stephen, either, which further shows Maggie’s need to follow her own hopes and dreams rather than those of society.
The idea of hopes and dreams can also be seen throughout Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption by Stephen King. Similarly to Maggie in The Mill on the Floss, Andy seems to carry this powerful theme of hope throughout the novella. The other characters in the novella who are inmates at Shawshank seem to be imprisoned by the fear of life outside of the jail, while Andy maintains a warm and positive demeanor throughout the story, radiating this idea of hopefulness and dreams of what life could be like on the outside world. Andy’s optimism spreads to some of the other prisoners in Shawshank; he is particularly able to help Red view life from a different perspective and better cope with his circumstances in the prison, saying “remember that hope is a good thing, Red, maybe the best of things, and no good thing ever dies” (King 106). Andy’s grip on hope and his dreams help him survive the harsh prison life, and ultimately lead to his motivation for digging the tunnel through his cell wall and escaping from Shawshank.
Another piece that contains the theme of hopes and dreams is the film Good Will Hunting, written by Matt Damon and Ben Affleck. The story is centered around Will, who grew up in a relatively rough area of South Boston and works as a janitor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is labeled as a genius because he is extremely gifted at mathematics, but struggles with his internal fears of failure and rejection in pursuing his dreams and showing the world who he truly is. Will grew up as an orphan, and endured a painful childhood that stripped him of his hope. This initially prevents him from seeing a better life for himself or pursuing a career in math, despite the numerous prestigious job offers he receives. These fears also prevent him from displaying his affection for a girl he falls in love with from Harvard, Skylar. However, through the help of therapy sessions with a psychology professor, Sean, Will discovers his own self worth and realizes what actually matters to him. By the end of the film, Will decides that he is not actually satisfied with his life in Boston working physical labor jobs, and decides to follow his real hopes and dreams by accepting a corporate mathematics job and pursuing his love for Skylar. After watching the film, viewers can’t help but to feel hopeful.
Overall, the central theme of hopes and dreams has a strong presence throughout these three works. Maggie, the protagonist of The Mill on the Floss, goes against societal and family expectations and uses her wit and curiosity to pursue her own dreams. In Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption, Andy maintains hope throughout his life in prison, which leads him to escape prison and fulfil his dreams for his life in the outside world. Will, in Good Will Hunting, lacks hope at the beginning of the story, but regains it after therapy sessions and ultimately pursues his dreams in his career and love life. All three stories instill a feeling of hope in their readers or viewers, inspiring them to go after their own dreams as each of these particular characters were able to do.
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Theme Of Hopes And Dreams. (2021, Jul 01).
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Why Cheating is Wrong?
Cheating in this day and age, has become more common and somewhat of a daily occurrence. It's easy for students to get so caught up in the short-term stress of college that they forget about the long-term consequences of their decisions. Cheating might seem like an ideal solution when a student doesn't study, can't completely research a paper or is struggling to avoid failing a class. The consequences of cheating, however, can be crucial and range from temporary academic difficulties to serious legal problems and permanent reputation damage. Cheating is cheating. There is no if, ands, or buts about it. Whether a group of people cheats together, in a pre-planned action or if people single handedly cheat by themselves, there is no difference. Throughout my school life, I’ve always encountered cheaters. I remember myself studying for a test for hours, then came the test days when I’d be sitting there taking my test and I look up and see a handful of individuals looking over at other people’s tests. It would make me mad to have studied for so long just to have someone look over my shoulder and take all my answers. When the grades would come back the cheaters always seemed to get a higher grade then the individuals who actually studied. It’s not fair to the ones who actually took the time to learn the material and study. There are those individuals who cheat their whole way through school then when it comes to college and having huge classes and assignments outside of class. The true colors of the cheaters come out and they have a hard time being on their own. According to the article titled “Harvard cheating scandal sheds light on culture of cheating” states that there are websites out there that give students tips on how to cheat and encourages them to rub chapstick on scantron exams so the machine will skip blank answers’ I find that absolutely ridiculous.
Someone not using their sociological imagination might view this social issue much differently. For example, a student who is poor and cannot afford to go find a tutor or gain extra resources to help him/her understand the subject properly, hence the student is forced to cheat so they can pass. Another example would be that the student is under pressure to pass with good grades, but is not mentally capable of doing well, so the circumstances force him to cheat. And lastly the student is lazy, and looks for an easy way to pass, and comes up with cheating. Taking everything into account, someone not using their sociological imagination will be unsuccessful on seeing the entire perspective of things. Additionally, the definition of the sociological imagination has three elements (societal history and personal biography, another is personal troubles/public issues, and lastly social institution). To start with societal history and personal biography relating to this social issue, its important to understand the difference between the cheating now versus twenty years back. For example, back in the day cheating included looking at a neighbor’s paper or copying a friend’s homework. The most scandalous attempts to cheat most likely involved a student who wrote the answers to a test on the cover of his or her notebook. On the other hand, cheating in today’s world has evolved. Technology makes cheating all too common and too easy you could google anything and a billion things will pop up on whatever it is your looking for. The second definition of personal troubles and public issues is significant with this social issue because for example, in the article the narrator talks about the results of a spring-term final at Harvard University that is now under investigation on suspicion that 125 students cheating on the course’s final take-home exam this just shows that students are willing to take the risk of being suspended or expelled, lose scholarships, and even face copyright infringement troubles. This is no surprise that cheating has become a serious problem that affects students negatively today. The last definition relates sociological issues to individuals and larger social institutions like economy, religion, friendship, education.
Most social institutions hold a lot of dominance in our society today, so they are most likely to influence the social issue of cheating in our world today. For example, looking at the social institution of economy, let’s say a student works full time and barely has time to do his school work and he has an assigned 10-page essay due in one day about the French revolution so he decided to buy an essay online and turn it in and act like it’s his work when it’s not. Similarly, a student needing help with a complex set of scientific or math problems can receive step-by-step assignment help online. In both of these cases, the fees required to access the sites may be substantially less than the amount of money the students can earn in the hours they would need to spend reading, studying, calculating or writing to complete the assignments themselves. In addition, the social institution of religion plays a huge part in this social issue. In the Ten Commandments the bible says, 'You shall not steal”. And cheating is stealing—usually, it's stealing someone else's work. In the New Testament, we're told to 'put off falsehood' (Ephesians 4:25). And Don't lie. And cheating is lying; you're turning in work you're falsely claiming as your own. there's no difference between cheating and lying. Furthermore, the social institution of friendship is a good one because some students give answers to their friends thinking they are helping but in reality, they are hurting them. Some people cheat because they want to seem cooler than their friends or try to impress their friends. And last but not least looking at the social institution of education and why students do not want to put enough effort in their studies or just because they don’t have enough time to prepare for the exam. So, when a student is caught cheating it can cause them to lose all credibility with the professor and most of the time an “F” automatically. It is also the origin of a big problem because they are lying to themselves thinking that they have learned sufficient to demonstrate their ability when they have to work in the field.
In conclusion, cheating in schools is rapidly increasing all over the world. Serious measure should be implemented to help develop responsible and hardworking people. No one should be favored when they break the set of standard.
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Empathy in ‘Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?’
Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep is a huge presence of Android, so the concept of android is known. No one has to fear android just because they are something new, a human race to challenge human supremacy. The relationship between humans and android is more established and mature than humans and monsters. Android has been around longer than the monster. We have never seen anything about the original human response to robotics, just a complete developmental relationship. But some androids were breaking the law of them that they could not injure a human being.
Deckard, a bounty hunter, is a person who can imagine the struggle that human beings on earth were caught in, at least mentally, at the moment. By wearing a lead-based bar code, he protects his genes from radiation degradation. If he does not do this, he may fail in the compulsory test and thus lose his humanity. He was recruited by the police department as a bounty hunter, tracing and retiring from android. This is, in a way, a very 'human' job, although it requires doing nasty things like shooting down android. Android works just like humans, looks like humans at least on the surface and does not present a personal threat immediately to the bounty hunters. However, society considers them a threat, perhaps at least partly because of the fear that android will overtake their construction age limit in a few years and become a new race for the contest with everyone.
Although the reader does not know much about Irmgard, we find that she can also sympathize. With Pris, she has no guilt or sadness when cutting her spider legs so we can say she has the 'like android' qualities, but when the other three decide whether to let Isidore lives Irmgard was the first to say that Isidore should live because he could help them. Here the android girls match the typical female models of nurturing, caring and feeling. We can see Roy's main survival instinct as the group tries to decide what to do with Isidore. When it came time to vote, Roy simply said, “I vote we kill Mr. Isidore and hide somewhere else” (K. Dick). Roy Baty, the leader of the runaway, has been credited with trying to achieve something like self-reliance and others with a variety of mind-altering drugs. A cold android, hoping to experience, an experience from which, due to a deliberate integration error, it is still excluded. We never knew what Baty knew about fusion or what he thought they would get out of it. The whole thing mentioned in passing by the human police is ridiculous. On the other hand, if Baty is thought to have no emotion, why would he want to achieve fusion? If he does not have emotions, the whole 'merging' exercise with others to sympathize with them seems utterly meaningless. It seems to me that one must possess at least a certain amount of emotion to realize that empathy is the desire. Another possible explanation is that Baty, only tried to understand empathy to eliminate bounty hunters. On the other hand, if that's the case he could also just be a fake response that does not really feel anything. Roy also set up a security system that uses a Penfield moody organ that causes panic in organic life, including Isidore. He explained that it would put Isidore at risk but gave them a cover.
According to the society in this book, it is empathy. To begin with, not everyone is empathetic, or at least they do not follow it. What other way to explain the treatment of so-called “chickenheads”, whereby society allows the old, the weak and the stupid to be stuck on a dying planet? In addition, the suggestion is given that android may have more emotions than they had intended. So where on the human spectrum do that leave the men killing them for a living?
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Similarities and Differences between the Jefferson and the Jacksonian Era
Thomas Jefferson was one of the founding fathers of the United States (Library of Congress. 1). He wrote the Declaration of Independence and ruled the nation as the president since 1801 and died in 1826. On the other hand, Andrew Jackson introduced electoral reforms after winning the presidency in 1829 (Freidel & Sidey 1). Jefferson democracy was very popular before the 1820s and highly emphasized by Thomas Jefferson (Cameron 1). It recognized property ownership and wealth as a prerequisite condition for one to exercise suffrage rights. On the other hand, Andrew Jackson introduced and promoted electoral reforms that allowed only white males regardless of whether or not they had property and formal education to exercise their suffrage rights in the 1830s. Both Jefferson and Jacksonian democracies, however, shared similarities; for instance, they denied women, slaves, and Native Americans an opportunity to practice suffrage rights.
Both Jefferson and Jacksonian Democracies did not recognize the importance of granting freedom to the slaves (Cameron 1). They did not introduce constitutional reforms that would abolish slavery. In fact, both Jefferson and Jackson owned slaves who worked for them. The Jefferson democracy recognized material ownership as a preliminary to granting freedom to white males. Similarly, the Bill of Rights in the 1830s failed to end slavery and instead recognized the voting rights for white males only. Apart from slaves, both Jefferson and Jacksonian democracies failed to grant women the suffrage rights (Smithsonian American Art Academy 1).
Both Jefferson and Jacksonian democracies failed to recognize the natives as their equals. Jackson particularly treated the natives with contempt. He advocated the displacement of the Indians from their land. Jackson forced the removal of Cherokees from their ancestral land and forced them to migrate to Oklahoma despite legal objections from the court (Cameron 1). By going against the decision of the Supreme Court, Jackson showed that he was exercising aristocracy. Jefferson was also harsh to the Indians. He forced them to either integrate with the white people and abandon their hunting practices or be forced to move in the west.
Both Jefferson and Jackson democracies opposed the suppression of the state banks by the central bank. Jefferson and Jackson had a strong conviction that fought the attempts of the elites to dominate the common man through the central bank. Jackson failed to re-charter the central bank since he felt that doing so would undermine the democracy (Brands 1). He termed extension of the charter as unconstitutional. He withdrew all the government finances and deposited the money into the state banks. Jackson claimed that the central bank went against the idea of creating an equal opportunity to all including the common man. The central bank tried to induce a recession in order to blame it on Jackson but the attempt failed. The Congress became concerned, however, by Jackson’s attempts to destroy the central bank through withdrawing of government financial resources thus costing him the support of the Senate. The Senate feared that Jackson was beginning to show traits of a dictator.
During the era of Jefferson, Hamilton supported the presence of a strong national bank over state banks (Library of Congress 1). A strong central bank failed to overcome financial shocks created by wars in France and Britain and oversupply of cotton in the market. In addition, the reduction in prices of cotton made farmers to accumulate bad loans that were difficult to service thus leading to the panic experienced in 1819 (Cameron 1). The farmers closed their farms due to the recession. They ended up blaming the central bank for their financial woes and difficulties. The Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson developed distrust to the presence of the central bank since it was oriented towards financing huge businesses at the expense of the common man.
Jefferson Democracy was opposed to industrialization since it was believed that Yeoman farmers were actually the chosen class (Cameron 1). Any attempt at industrialization threatened the progress of the Yeoman farmers. One of the critics of Jacksonian democracy was Daniel La Motte (Cameron 1). He was a Jeffersonian democrat and believed that if industrialization was to take place, then the Yeoman farmers should be given priority in the society. On the other hand, Jacksonian democracy believed that for industrialization to be a success, then the planters, farmers, laborers, writers, and painters needed to be given a chance. In essence, Jackson knew that for industrialization to be a success, it required the output of everyone including the common man.
Jacksonian democracy introduced voting rights to all people except the slaves (Cameron 1). All males of the white race were allowed to vote without any restrictions tied to material possessions. Jackson introduced these electoral reforms during the 1830s (Cameron 1). The introduction of Bill of Rights into the constitution created suffrage for all white males. This increased the number of voters who participated in the elections conducted in 1828 relative to the one held in 1824 (Smithsonian American Art Academy 2).
The recognition of white suffrage by Jacksonian democracy motivated the 13 states to abolish property ownership as the main requirement for white people to be allowed to exercise their suffrage rights (Cameron 1). Some of the states like Pennsylvania and Georgia which discriminated white males based on property ownership scrapped off this requirement since they feared people would migrate to western states that had introduced suffrage rights to all white males.
On the other hand, Jefferson democracy prohibited voting liberties if they did not possess substantial property. All the states denied the poor people including the white males, a chance to vote (Cameron 1). The land was a coveted resource and it was compulsory for the citizens to own it in order to be allowed to vote or possess suffrage rights (Smithsonian American Art Academy 1). Ownership of land elevated the social and political status of people during the era of Thomas Jefferson.
Jefferson democracy was opposed to a powerful executive while Jackson favored a powerful executive relative to the Congress, states, and courts. Jackson wanted a consolidated executive that would promote business in the country (Cameron 1). In addition, Jackson felt that the states should rally behind the federal government. He used his vetoes often to challenge the Congress. Jackson, for instance, used his veto powers to block central bank from being granted a re-charter in 1832 after the voting in the Congress (Freidel & Sidey 1). Throughout his entire time as the president, Jackson used 12 vetoes to block legislation that he opposed (Cameron 1). Jefferson prevented the Federalists from changing the constitution to form a powerful centralized form of government since this would create excessive power to the executive government in comparison to the states (Library of Congress. 1). Jefferson believed that a true democracy was based on the will of the governed. The citizens, therefore, determined the course of both central and state governments.
Jefferson democracy allowed only one political party: the Democratic Republic while Jacksonian democracy had two parties, the first one was the Democratic Party while the other one was called Whigs (Freidel & Sidey 1). This proves Jackson was not opposed to a multiparty political system. The Whigs as a political party wanted a powerful central government relative to state banks (Cameron 1). Jefferson formed the Democratic Republic in order to promote an agrarian economy under a decentralized form of government (Smithsonian American Art Academy 4). The party was also proved to counter the attempts by Federalists to ratify the constitution in order to form a powerful government.
Jefferson democracy put emphasis on education and elites were highly respected and esteemed (Cameron 1). Jeffersonian Democrats favored the wealthy, elites and privileged in the society over the poor and uneducated folks. In contrast, Jackson was not highly educated and therefore did not believe that people should be respected based on the wealth they possessed through inheritance. He believed that common man whether educated or not should be given a chance and motivated to transform through hard work. Jackson was self-taught and worked diligently by teaching himself how to read and write and eventually became a country lawyer (Freidel & Sidey 1). Similarly, he believed the poor and uneducated should have a chance to pursue their goals.
Jefferson and Jackson's democracies shared similarities and differences. Jefferson and Jackson did not believe in the equality of natives thus supported their displacement from their land. Jefferson believed that Yeoman Farmer should be given priority in the society while Jackson felt that the common man in the society should be given a chance to transform the society through industrialization. Although both presidents ruled at different periods of time, they played an important role in the promotion of representative and participatory democracy.
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Ice Hockey – Sports Using Ice Skating
Most of the sports we know today are either thrown, hit, or kicked with a ball. However, there is one sport in the catalog that features a circular object called a puck. This famous sport comes from “Canada” (Fischler). Thanks to it’s instant success, it became a fourth contender in major league sports next to commoners like basketball, baseball, and football. Another big difference is that it’s played on the “ice rink” rather than a field or a court (Fischler). Linking these clues together, ice hockey is a fast-paced team sport that players use skates for bodily contact and a puck to score goals and win a game.
The origins of ice hockey have traced back to the 1800s. The word, which also has an interesting history, comes from “the French term hoquet, meaning shepherd's crook… meaning bent stick” (Fischler). It is not just the word that makes it fascinating, but the fact that the sport combines “English field hockey and Indian lacrosse [and was popularized in] Canada by [soldiers from Britain] in the mid-1800s” really makes it astonishing to watch (Fischler). After the first use of a “puck instead of a ball was recorded [in]… Ontario, Canada, in 1860”, the first ever “indoor ice hockey game” took place “[at the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Canada in 1875]” (Fischler). These history pieces will soon pave the way towards dozens of professional leagues in Canada and all over the world making ice hockey a household name.
Next, the rules of ice hockey are clear to explain. There are about twenty players on a team that get divided in a series of shifts all in a three-period game of sixty minutes. Along with the goalie, five players pass the puck skating fast on the ice. The five positions are made up of “three forwards—the centre, a left wing, and a right wing—and two defensemen—a [left and right] defenseman” (Fischler). As stated before, the team with the most goals after a full hour is declared the winner. You can score with a “[backhander, a wrist shot, or a slapshot]”, but sometimes during the game “assessed for excessive use of the body or equipment to impede the opposition” (Fischler). It sounds like ice hockey’s rules sound similar to another sport.
Lacrosse is contrasting to ice hockey by appearance but the action and spirit of the game makes it easy to compare. According to an online blog called The European Lacrosse Blog, “Basically lacrosse and ice hockey…[sic]… three common characteristics: It takes many sporting skills, [countless hours to master], and the great similarity of the games is the task to be handled.” Other similarities include “physical contact other with players”, the “face-off”, and the overall concept to “snatch the ball from the opponents” ('Lacrosse and Ice Hockey – What Connects Both Sports?'). Despite the similarities, some skills learned in ice hockey can be applied to lacrosse such as “core strength and endurance”, “hand-eye coordination”, and “shoot and aim /accuracy” ('Lacrosse and Ice Hockey – What Connects Both Sports?'). Lacrosse and their players have their own set of expertise, but seeing it alongside the world of ice hockey can make it fun to juxtapose with.
Ice hockey has paved the way not just for the success of certain famous athletes, but a variety of phenomenons, even in America. For example, in the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics, Team USA Hockey declared “a [4 to 3] victory over the Soviet Union” and a “[4 to 2 gold medal win] over Finland” (Peters). One of the team players, Mark Johnson, quoted in the article:
Prior to 1980, there weren’t a lot of Americans in the league. A
lot of people got an opportunity to watch us [exposing] a lot of
younger players…”
Another example that sparked ice hockey to American success was athlete Wayne Greztky getting traded to the Los Angeles Kings, a National Hockey League team. From what I know, he formerly played on the Edmonton Oilers. “The league had gained popularity, Gretzky was its greatest celebrity and there was finally infrastructure… to capitalize on that… [spawning growth] of the game in California as rinks started being built to make the Golden State a hockey state” (Peters). In addition to iconic events, safety equipment became a standard such as helmets and facemasks for goalies “to protect themselves from [potentially dangerous whereabouts like] flailing sticks and flying pucks” ('History of Ice Hockey'). But, the most exciting part about hockey is winning a championship like the Stanley Cup, “the oldest prize that North American Athletes vie for [which has] been awarded… since 1893” (Peters). Overall, moments and innovations are factors that show that ice hockey has a strong affect in the world of sports.
In conclusion, “Ice hockey” is a set of words that defines a sport full of action and unpredictability. Coming from “Canada by British soldiers in the mid-1800s, [it become one of the most popular of international sports with its speed and its frequent physical contact]” (Fischler). I’ve played hockey once in my life, my brother Noah still plays hockey. In fact, my entire family enjoys watching the sport. Between scoring goals and hard physical hits, ice hockey is an event that is worth spending my ticket for.
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Rhetorical Analysis “The C Word in the Hallway”
Mental health has been a debatable and relevant topic. The passage talks about the stigma related to mental health and how the issue is deeper than just what people notice. But even with all the attention surrounding it, things have remained stable. Anna Quindlen’s “The C Word in the Hallway” explores the role and impact of mental health in the 1990’s. Although things cannot change overnight, she utilizes figurative language and appeals in her writing to express the frustration and thoughts she is trying to convey.
Quindlen is able to defend her position using many different types of rhetoric language, including diction and syntax. Her strong use of both clearly dictate her thoughts and opinions on the topic of mental health and many other related infrastructures, including the public’s view of it, the availability of it to the general public, and how everything could change. When diction and syntax are utilized, it creates an effect of dramatization and realization as one reads. Her word choice is very dramatic and blunt affect to enforce her thoughts, including words like utilitarian, scapegoats, marginalized, etc. The varying complexity of each sentence gives off a different effect. Longer, more complex sentences exaggerate the truth, which allow the readers to realize exactly what is happening. Some prime examples are “That's what the doctors call it when a kid kills himself and they go back over the plowed ground of his short life, and discover all the hidden markers that led to the rope, the blade, the gun.” (Quindlen, P1) and when she mentions two cases where people were examined very quickly with no regard to help and rhetorically questioned (Quindlen, P3).
Shorter, simpler sentences state the blunt truth as it is, leaving readers in shock as they realize the truth. A few examples of this are “Sam Manzie is only 17” (Quindlen, P2) and other times she states some hard to grasp facts. Combined, these demonstrate the author’s view, being serious and dramatic all to prove her point, that none of us really seem to see the truth: society doesn’t comprehend the idea of mental health nor see why society’s negative view of it and all that surround sit needs to be changed. That’s why she wrote “the C Word in the Hallway”.
To make a point is to be convincing of one’s view, and using appeals help writers accomplish that. After reading her writing, it is quite obvious that she uses all types of appeals to focus the readers’ attention on her main idea, change surrounding mental health. Quindlen logically appeals to her audience by arguing that if society had treated those in need of help, then there’s many issues that could be on their way to being resolved by now, yet they can’t be, because of the fault in the systems. An example of her trying to logically appeal to her audience is when she writes, “… psychological intervention is cheaper than incarceration,” (Quindlen, P6). She argues about how it isn’t ethical to deny some of their right to get help by being expensive, like when she explained how the mental health system is often seen as shameful and incomprehensible and how many people think the same way (Quindlen, P5). It’s ridiculous how healthcare is a debatable topic. Another arguable point is that we shouldn’t treat mental health like a disease of sorts, to single out those who suffer from one and ignore them or ridicule them simply because many don’t understand. For example, society’s toxic view on men and what really defines their masculinity, how they can’t talk about their feelings or else they’re seen as “sissified” and such (Quinkdlen, P8). We as a society should know better than to ostracize anything different than normal. In order to emphasize a message, an author needs to appeal to their audience.
Every piece of work has a reason for its existence. Authors almost always have a reason as to why they create what they do. Quindlen’s purpose for writing “The C Word in the Hallway” was to censure all the parts of society which are partially cause for this whole issue. Figures of authority (like parents and police) are lethargic in distinguishing between those who suffer from a mental problem and those who can tell the difference between right and wrong and are also neglectful in treating those with complications and in realizing when there is an issue present. If society handled mental health with the necessary behavior, then almost everybody would see how critical it is to our well-beings and how it should be taken seriously (Quindlen, P9). She also criticizes the healthcare business because help for those who need it are not readily available due to how expensive and scarce it is. She compares it to a vaccine, how it should be a necessity and obtainable to all (Quindlen, P1). Seeing that this was also written by someone who saw the wrong in all that was done and someone who is also an activist or at least has a want for change. Altogether, the author wrote this passage to point out all the errors in the way things were/are and inspires all of us to change that.
The idea of mental health is a controversial one and it’s far from being settled. “The C Word in the Hallway” criticizes parents, authorities, and those who work in and around healthcare as they seem to neglect the issue and aren’t very helpful in solving it. Quindlen feels that mental health isn’t taken seriously and more often than not, blown off or taken as something else when people just don’t understand. Nobody should have to suffer from a mental issue and the behavior of others based on the fact that they have one. And to say that the issues she addressed in her writing hasn’t changed is crazy.
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Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson
Walt Whitman was born May 31st, 1819 in West Hills, Long Island New York as the second of eight surviving children. (Levine, 21). Walt Whitman would soon be employed in the printing office of a newspaper (Levine, 21) where he would learn this trade and be introduced to journalism (Loving, par. 1). In his teenage years, Whitman would begin contributing to different newspapers and spent five years teaching at small town schools on Long Island and in 1838 started a newspaper of his own and interrupted his teaching (Levine, 21). Before the age of 21, Whitman quit his job teaching and moved to Manhattan where he soon became editor of a Manhattan daily, The Aurora (Levine, 21). Whitman also started a political career by speaking at Democratic rallies and writing for the Democratic Review (Levine, 21). Returning to Brooklyn in 1845, Whitman became a contributor to the Long Island Star; assigned to Manhattan events including theatrical and musical performances which Whitman later states without the “emotions, raptures and uplifts” of opera he could have never written Leaves of Grass (Levine, 21). I do believe theatrical and musical performances can change perspective on various things. Being exposed to the world of performance and talent (even if you are not necessarily a part of it) can provide different views, outlooks and perspectives on art and forms of expression. I, myself, was enrolled in a theater class throughout my freshman to senior year of high school and although not the same as Whitman’s experience can attest to the change of perspective that I had learning about the theatrical world. Whitman went on to take over editorship of the Brooklyn Eagle where he was later fired because he became a “Free-Soiler”, opposed to the acquisition of more territory for slavery (Levine, 21, 22). Whitman was strong in his political standpoint and served as a delegate to the Buffalo Free-Soil convention and helped to found the Free-Soil newspaper the Brooklyn Freeman (Levine, 22). Around this time, he began to writing poetry in a serious way (Levine, 22).
Emily Dickinson was born on December 10th, 1830 in Amherst Massachusetts as the second child of Emily Norcross Dickinson and Edward Dickinson (Levine, 83). The Dickinson family were among Amherst’s most prominent families economically, politically and intellectually (Levine, 83). Emily Dickinson grew up and lived most of her life in the Dickinson family homestead in Amherst (Levine, 83). Dickinson did not get out of town often and is said to have had “a reclusive existence spent almost entirely in the Dickinson homestead” (Eberwein par. 1). For Dickinson, home was a place of “Infinite power” (Levine, 83). Emily Dickinson attended Amherst Academy from 1840 through 1846 and boarded at the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary for less than a year, never completing the three-year course of study (Levine, 83). The students at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary were regularly queried as to whether they “professed faith,” had “hope,” or were resigned to “no hope”, of which Emily remained adamantly among the small group of “no hopes” (Levine, 83). Emily Dickinson went on to assert that her inability to conform to the conventional expectations of her evangelical culture is what helped liberate her to think on her own (Levine, 83).
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Short Story ‘Rikki Tikki Tavi’
Characters in all books,short stories, poems, and movies want something and will do lots to achieve this thing whatever it may be. In the short story Rikki-Tikki-Tavi there are many examples of people wanting something and achieving it through completing certain tasks. A motivation is defined as “the reason behind a character’s actions or behavior.” The following three examples show this.
Teddy’s parent have a motivation that keeps on showing up as you go along and sometimes it may be shown in subtle ways but is that they want to protect Teddy and keep him safe. When they first find him they keep him in hopes that he will protect Teddy from the dangerous snakes and other deadly animals that lurk in the Indian jungle. When Karait is trying to kill Teddy and Rikki fights him you can see His dad rushing from the house after Teddy screams and tries to help save his son. In the bathroom the night Nag and Nagaina tried to kill the entire family and Rikki is fighting Nag, Teddy’s dad shows up with a gun and shoots Nag in fear that he might hurt Teddy. And this is shown again when Teddy’s Dad tries to calm Teddy down when Nagaina is in position to bite him in hopes that he will not get bit if he’s stays calm. Nag’s motivation is a negative one, he wishes to get rid of all of the humans that live in the house in order to get rid of Rikki-Rikki because he stands up for the animals in the garden and Snakes and Mongooses are natural enemies anyways. Nag shows his hatred for Rikki when he comes up with a plan to kill Teddy and his family in order to drive out Rikki from the garden. He believed that if there was nobody to protect from snakes he would leave the garden and look for other humans to protect meaning that Nag would get back complete control of the garden again. He shows this again when he sneaks into the house at night through the bathroom sluice and tries to kill the entire family. He fought with Rikki trying to kill him until Teddy’s dad came in with a shotgun and killed Nag, this showing that Nag was willing to risk his life just to get rid of Rikki-Tikki. Nagaina wishes to kill the humans just like her husband Nag and drive Rikki out of the garden. She shows this by coming up with a plan alongside Nag to kill the humans and get Rikki to leave and take back control of the garden. She tries to kill Rikki early on in the story while in the garden and distracted by Nag, Nagaina sees a perfect opportunity to get him from behind but Rikki jumps away just in time. In the falling action of the story Nagaina tries to bite Teddy’s leg and get the humans to leave, she almost sinks her teeth in him but is interrupted by Rikki and her last baby Cobra egg. Then she starts a fighting/chase sequence after snatching her egg and running off, Rikki chases her into her hole and a deadly fight starts.
The outcome of the fight is a win for Rikki but she was willing to risk it all in order to put an end to Rikki-Tikki-Tavi. All three characters show a goal to achieve or something to protect and work towards doing so. This is one of the major ways that authors show how a character feels a need to do something in order to set up a story for the rest of the book.
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Short Story 'Rikki Tikki Tavi'. (2021, Jul 01).
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“Romeo and Juliet”: Fate or Choice
Jim Morrison once said, “Love cannot save you from your own fate.” This connects to the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare because, although Romeo and Juliet’s love was strong, it didn’t stop them from reaching their ultimate fate: an premature death. In the play, Shakespeare shows that fate is an unstoppable force that cannot be changed and uses foreshadowing in order to describe their fate. The characters think that they are deciding their own future, but no matter what decisions they make, it does not alter their eventual death. As you read the prologue you could see that Shakespeare language seems to be related to the idea of fate because he’s using words such as death-marked and such, basicly foreshadowing Romeo and Juliet's death.
The term death-marked is especially related to fate because it tells how there's nothing they could do this is just the type of love their destined to haveIn the prologue of the play, Shakespeare foreshadows the death of the main characters by writing, “A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life: whose misadventured piteous overthrows, Doth with their deaths bury their parents strife. The fearful passage of their death-marked love.” (Prologue; 6-9). By calling their love “death-marked,” Shakespeare is drawing attention to the fact that they have no control over what happens to them. The characters also have premonitions of their own deaths. In one instance, Juliet tells Romeo. “O God, I have an ill-divining soul. Methinks I see thee now, thou art so low As one dead in the bottom of a tomb.
Either my eyesight fails, or thou look’st pale.” (III.V.54-57) She is describing a vision of him dead at the bottom of a tomb. Similarly, right before the party romeo has this weird feeling that something is going to happen, Romeo thinks to himself “I fear too early, for my mind misgives Some consequence yet hanging in the stars Shall bitterly begin his fearful date With this night’s revels, and expire the term Of a despisèd life closed in my breast By some vile forfeit of untimely death. But he that hath the steerage of my course, Direct my sail. On, lusty gentlemen” on (I.iiii.106-113). Before Romeo enters the house of the Capulets, he speaks about an unknown probability 'hanging in the stars.' This concept of events expected to happen being written in the stars explains how life is established by fate. Romeo feels that something dreadful might occur. The reason that this is relevant is because it seems to me that Shakespeare is making a commentary on fate because the characters have no reason to think these things, they just do. In this way it does seem like Shakespeare is saying that there really is something underlying that people don't realize is working in their lives but yet you get these feelings and by putting those words in his character mouth and by making that something that they are aware of he shows that that fate works in our lives everyday we just don't realize it.
Fate is also central to the accidental/chanced run ins and missed opportunities . Read by Romeo, “Stay, fellow, I can read ‘Singnor Sartino and his wife and daughters; country anselm and his beauteous sisters; the lady widow of utruvio; Signor Placentio and his lovely nieces; Mercutio and his brother Valentine; mine uncle Capulet, his wife and daughters; my fair niece Rosaline and Livia; Signor Valentino and his cousin Tybalt; Lucio and the lively Helena.’ ” on (I.ii.65-73). This shows how because an encounter between Peter, Romeo and Benvolio on the street and how this encounter that enables Romeo to read the list of names of guests for the Capulet feast. Had Romeo not run into Peter, he would have never went to the party and interacted with juliet there for never meeting her. This is a crucial part to the story of the play because them meeting each other is what led to their love there for leading to the tragic end. A conversation between Friar Lawrence and Friar John “‘I could not send it- here it is again nor get a messenger to bring it thee so fearful were they of infection.’ unhappy fortune! By my brotherhood, the letter was not nice but full of charge, of dear import, and the neglecting it may do much danger.’”on (V.ii.232). Here you could see that Friar John was unable to deliver the letter to Romeo explaining that Juliet is not really dead and about the plan they have.
With not delivering this letter Romeo will most likely find out about this and go through with his plan to kill himself and die with Juliet. Fate could be seen here because this missed opportunity to tell Romeo about the plan leads to his and Juliet's death at the end of the book. In the play, Shakespeare shows that fate is an unstoppable force that cannot be changed and uses foreshadowing in order to describe their fate. The characters think that they are deciding their own future, but no matter what decisions they make, it does not alter their eventual death. As you read the prologue you could see that shakespeare language seems to be related to the idea of fate because he’s using words like death-marked and such basicly foreshadowing romeo and juliet's death. The term death-marked is especially related to fate because it tells how there's nothing they could do this is just the type of love their destined to have. Throughout the book fate plays with concepts such as Shakespeare language and prologue, the way that characters interact with each other and chance encounters, and the perminision/vision that the characters have of death. Overall the big message about fate is that fate plays a role in every second of our lives even if you can't really see it just like gravity, you can't see it but yet you know it's there and it plays a huge role in your life.
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"Romeo And Juliet": Fate Or Choice. (2021, Jul 01).
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Body Shaming Effects
The body standards that were determined as ideal in American culture pertains to an overly thin physique that portrays having the utmost physical attractiveness and health as a woman. The mentality women have developed toward their bodies has been largely affected by media and its influence on the level of body dissatisfaction held by women. Media has been giving the permission by society to make judgments on the body and glorify some while shaming others. But, geography allows for these perceptions on beauty in the body to form and mold into the general population of an area. Research by psychologists has even found evidence of drastic cultural impacts on what is considered “beautiful” to certain regions of the world. American culture is beginning to have international influence, for example, “As Western media continues to infiltrate Mauritanian society, cultural preferences for large women are dying out in exchange for a slimmer Western ideal.” (Weber) American culture is very impactful in the world and within other cultures, so the impact on white and black women’s perceptions on body image is very strongly woven into their psyche and is becoming more difficult to escape since it is becoming widespread.
The universal ideal is criticized through the viewpoint of geography playing a role in standards established in society. According to Weber, “What is beautiful is often not exactly a universal concept. What is seen as beautiful and attractive in one culture is seen as unhealthy and undesirable in another? Like so many other topics, the question of what is beautiful is intricately intertwined with geography.” The scope of men’s influence on body image for women is an important factor towards body dissatisfaction that is not considered much. Men have preconceived notions on how a woman’s body should look to appear more desirable to them as the opposite sex. This translates back to preferences held through cultural differences because white and black men have deemed certain features of a woman’s body as more attractive than others.
Views of the opposite sex can often relate back to the self-esteem held by women regarding their body. Confidence is impactful in a women’s belief in whether or not she will attract the attention of men based on her perception of the desirability of her body. Research has suggested that “Women who avoid settings in which they believe they might be scrutinized by men may have less opportunity for heterosexual involvement, and hence may have relatively less sexual experience and lower sexual esteem.” (Wiederman) On the other hand, Wiederman discovered that men tended to find women that would generally be considered thin more sexually desirable. The combination of a lack of confidence and sexual preferences by men can increase the likelihood of a woman developing body dissatisfaction and conforming to standards established in society. Powell and Kahn’s study shows, “Women base their judgments of their bodies on what men of their culture desire...Caucasian men reported thinness as being more important in women they date than their African-American counterparts.” (qtd. in Reel, 322) For the white woman looking for or attracted to a white man, will often strive to live up to this ideal of a “man’s perfect women”. Women will often change their bodies in order to meet the criteria that would please potential or future spouses because of these preconceived notions.
Body shaming has a huge impact on the psychological state of women and leads to society believing they must achieve these standards as women; while men believe they must get a woman that follows these standards. I have personally been a victim of body shaming, so I wanted to explore further on the aspects of American culture through the impact media has on the perceptions of white and black women’s ideal body types. Any and all women can find themselves in a position where they receive criticism about how their body and, on top of that, are pressured to change their bodies in an effort to make others happy. These pressures can put women at a greater risk for body dissatisfaction and self-esteem issues that possibly lead to body dysmorphic disorder or eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia, that can cause serious health problems.
A female artist by the name of Suzie Blake has brought awareness to the shaming of women by creating a platform in which all women can anonymously voice their personal experiences. Through Blake’s exhibit of “The Wall of Shamed,” women are able to physically write comments on instances where they were shamed to hopefully encourage room for healing and bring forth change. Blake has said, “Women and girls are shamed throughout their lives for not living up to patriarchally prescribed ideals of 'womanliness', Body shaming. Fat shaming. Slut shaming. Period shaming. Mother shaming. Food shaming. Gender shaming. Victim shaming. The list goes on.” These real stories being told by real women allows for people in society to see the long-term consequences of the idealizations established for women and how impactful this can be for the women in every individual’s life.
There are many outside factors that play a part in women succumbing to body image standards. But, the psychological impacts on women, such as mental disorders, can all derive from a women’s individual mental processing of the media’s portrayal of body image. If all women are affected by these cultural impacts on body image standards then how are white and black women significantly impacted by the effects of American culture? Does this directly relate to if they respond the same way to universal body image standards?
American culture has specifically had a large influence on the body image ideas of white and black women. The media is a massive source of information that can alter the perceptions of societal views on countless subjects. Women have looked at magazines or runway shows and saw slim, tall models being shown off as the perfect size for a woman. This perception extends way past the idea of just how the appearance of an “ideal-sized women” should be. But, it also affects the way women can shop for clothing or obtain a job in the fashion industry. These ideas take root when women’s bodies are used to promote ideas that become influential on society. The societal standard on how a woman’s body should look has evolved over time through the media. Outlets for these standards to be advertised have consisted of the internet, social media, fashion, public figures, and the list goes on. Women have been expected to achieve if not almost impossible, but unrealistic body types that men and women feel at that time are the desired appearance for women to be considered attractive. Body image falls into a long line of trends that have lately been established from the internet, like social media for example. In the past, pressures on body image have been advertised through fashion because of the body types of models and clothing sizes.
There is also the psychological state and environment of a woman that can impact the amount of influence the media has on ideal body images. Body types have also been associated with different races based on media portrayal and established stereotypes. White women are usually associated with ideas of thin and tall “model-like” body types, while black women are most likely to be considered to have curvy, voluptuous body types. These stereotypes then subsequently became the norm when regarding the typical body image within different cultures because of race.
When body image standards are viewed through the universal ideals held in society, white women can tend to seem more effected through the the viewpoint of one angle or outlook. However, Black women are just as impacted by body image standards as white women, but only through ideals established within their culture. Furthermore, black women are not only underrepresented in societal views of the thin-ideal but have suffered negative impacts on their self perception. Bryant discusses studies that have resulted with “…black girls with darker skin may be more vulnerable than their lighter-skin peers to negative messages from the media about their physical appearance and attractiveness, which can lead to long-term risky behaviors.” Even though the universal view of being thin rejects black women and may cause them to seek more identifiable ideals, this isolation from such a massively influential culture can still impact the self-esteem of black women and lead to body dissatisfaction in a way that calls for acceptance. The only difference between these women's perceptions are white women identify with a larger conceptualized view on having a thin body within American culture, while black women’s standards are more loosely established due to misrepresentation in the media on the universal societal norm.
Black women are more prone to share perceptions and views on body image through media outlets more a tune with black culture. For example, in television and fashion where black women are more apparent, the attention of black women toward other black women will have more influence on their views of themselves due to relatability. This would result in black women being more susceptible to particular body images shown to influence their views on what they body should or shouldn’t look like within their culture.
On the other hand, another argument would claim that black women are still more accepting toward diversity in body types because black culture has established more fluidity in its norms due to isolation from other norms in American society. Regardless of black women being affected by their own body image standards in black culture, they still have perceptions of black culture that lessens their likelihood of body dissatisfaction compared to white women. Black women initially were isolated from the universal body idealism due to underrepresentation and isolation from the media’s portrayal of ideal bodies. This has caused a shift in the way body image is considered in black culture because black women have allowed for variation in a woman’s body due to the lack of relatability in the media’s view of women’s bodies. This disconnect between American and black culture has given black women more leeway in forming their own thoughts and opinions on what they find as ideal in body types. With that said, American culture today has allowed room for black culture to blossom through certain avenues that at one point were not established because of negative conceptions on black women’s body. But currently, being curvaceous has become an acceptable body type and black women are seeing more media coverage on relatable women. Through social media, reality tv shows, fashion, etc. girls with “hourglass” figures or considered “slim-thick” which requires a large bust and behind with a small waist is growing into a more widely established beauty standard in black culture. This idealization is gaining enough momentum to impact black women on the same scale as the thin ideal for white women.
There are many complex areas that dive deeper into the concepts surrounding the media’s influence on the idealized body images of women. Keeping in mind the different body types, the effort necessary to achieve societal change could possibly accomplish the opposite of its intended purpose. These standards are almost always dramatized in a way that could further impact the realistic views of society and more specifically the media when regarding women. Women everywhere must decide if the best course of action is to follow the norms of society or break barriers that society has established its people.
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Body Shaming Effects. (2021, Jul 01).
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Organ Sales Will Save Lives
As a concerned citizen of the State of Utah, I urge you to review the possible solution of legalizing organ trade. For more than half a century organ transplants have offered a second chance of life to thousands of sick patients. Unfortunately, the supply of organs for these patients does not meet the demand. By the end of each day, an average of 20 people die due to organ failure. In 2017, 42,609 organs were donated for those in need of a life-saving transplant. However, the organ donor waiting list consisted of over 144,000 men, women, and children in need of a transplant that same year (Organ Donation Statistics). Only thirty percent of the patients are actually receiving the organs needed. As you can see, there is a major organ shortage for these patients. My opinion is that economic incentives, such as receiving money for donating, will increase the supply of organs and save lives. Others argue that legalizing organ trade is against human morality and will undermine current organ donations. I do not think that these points are completely valid and are not worth more than a human life.
Currently, the selling and harvesting of human organs is a crime in the United States, but should it be? The ongoing organ shortage is a problem that I am very familiar with. I personally have a close aunt who is currently on the transplant waiting list and a good friend who was not able to find a donor on the waiting list before his kidney started to fail. Luckily, unlike many, one of his family members was able to give him one of their kidneys before he died. This event of almost losing a friend has led me to think of alternative options that could potentially help supply more organs for those in need of a transplant. Hundreds of thousands of Americans are affected by the organ shortage. They are suffering not because these organs aren’t available, but because ethics and morality don’t allow them access to these life-saving organs. Legalizing organ trade is the answer to this problem.
While doing research I conducted a small survey at Utah Valley University. In this survey, I asked 100 student, teachers, and university workers two questions. These questions were first if they thought that giving your organs to sick patients for money in return was wrong and if they were dying, would they be willing to pay for someone else's organs? As a result, 64 out of 100 people surveyed said that they think it is fine to receive money for organs and 76 out of 100 said they would be willing to pay for an organ if they were dying. According to Legal Issues in Payment of Living Donors for Solid Organs, organ sales was deemed illegal with little to no debate (Shapiro). I understand that this was a small survey, but perhaps now people are open to marketing organs than when it became illegal by the Senate in 1984. Education and sense of morality can change through time. For example, the Roman physician, Galen, performed his anatomy research on pigs because it was immoral to dissect humans at the time. Now, the dissection of human cadavers is routine in the medical field (RR Kishore). Perhaps the same can be concluded with organ trade. Federally, the acquiring, selling, and trading of human organs for economic incentives has been illegal since 1984. The penalty for violating this law is a fine of up to $50,000 and or a five-year sentence to prison. The U.S. Senate concluded that “society's moral values militate against rendering the body as a commodity.” (Shapiro). However, I believe that it is an unfair comparison to associate organ vendors with criminals that commit horrendous crimes. The punishment ignores the circumstances that urged the person to sell his/her organ in the first place. A person sells his/her with the knowledge that their organ is going to save a life of another human being. If the person knew that selling his/her organs would lead to the death or other injuries to the buyer, they wouldn’t have sold their organ. Because of this, I do not believe that they are doing anything immoral or inhumane. A criminal commits an act solely for his own personal gain, without caring for the loss of the victim (RR Kishore).
So, it shouldn't be a crime to help another human being if neither the buyer or seller are being harmed. This is one of the many misconceptions that organ sales are a heinous crime. Another misconception is that the legalization of organ trade will undermine current voluntary organ donations. This claim states that there is even evidence that marketing organs would cause citizens to not donate their organs out of altruism. The supposed evidence is that of the effect permitting blood sales. When states first allowed receiving money for blood, the overall supply for blood dropped because they received less voluntary donators (Shapiro). Many are afraid that if the United States were to legalize organ trade, then the overall decrease in voluntary donations would be larger than the increase in paid donations. It is my opinion that this will not be the outcome. Perhaps the number of donations will decrease, but I do not believe that it will significantly decrease for two reasons. Currently, the vast majority of living organ donors are family members or friends of the sick patients (Dalal). Donors that fall under this category will not stop donating because of money, rather will continue to donate in order to save loved ones. The legalization of organ sales will not affect their sense of altruism and family members will still donate. Another reason why organ donations won’t vastly decrease is because the number one source of donations come from deceased donors. For example, in 2017, the number of living donors were 6,181 and 10,281 donors that were discussed (Organ Statistics).
Legalizing organ trade will not affect the number of people dying and donating their organs. The number of donations coming from the dead will not be affected by organ trade. The third argument against is that organ trade will cause exploitation of the poor (Crane). That paid organ donations would lead to unfair disadvantages between the rich and the poor. Those at a lesser economic stance will be unable to pay for a kidney. I believe that this problem has a solution and at the same time legalizing organ sales is, at a small extent, closing the gap between the rich and poor. The solution is that a private organization or the government could purchase and equally allocate the organs fairly. In Minneapolis, a concept just as this was used in, “ nonrelated altruistic living kidney donations” (Shapiro). This system caused donated organs to be sent into a pool of organs from which they directed the most suitable patients. The suitability was taken according to their personal medical criteria. This is also how they allocate cadaveric organs. This will allow poorer patients to still receive organs. Last, to a small extent poor are becoming richer because of the money that they are receiving thus slightly closing their poverty gap. The last argument I will be addressing is whether organ sales is contrary to human dignity. Human dignity is a viable way to measure ethical content whether or not a statement or situation is right or wrong. In order to do this, it is important to know what human morality means in its essence and what characteristics describe human dignity. According to RR Kishore, it is, “human dignity is an expression of the human content of Homo sapiens. It is an expression of the properties or virtues due to which a human creature is known as a human being. These are the character or attributes that are unique to the human race and not possessed by any other living form.” (RR Kishore). Such characteristics can be defined as love, trust, righteousness, compassion, fairness, forgiveness, beneficence, sacrifice, and concern for the weak (RR Kishore).
With that being said, how can any act of saving the life of another human being be opposed to human dignity? Giving your organ is a sacrifice to help the weak and less fortunate. On the contrary, one could argue that it is against human dignity to not allow a solution that would help save thousands of lives. To let humans die prematurely and allow them to struggle living day to day when they can be cured. In my opinion organ sales is not contrary to human dignity and that opposing the organ trade is more contrary to human dignity. Not only legalizing organ trade benefit the sick, but it would regulate and undermine the black market. Even though it is illegal to sell human organs, the practice still occurs (Friedlaender). Every year citizens of third world countries are targeted by wealthy Americans in order to pay for their organs. This can lead to diseases, operations done by non-doctors, and even death to the donor and recipient. If organ trade was to be legalized, the government could control and monitor the practice inside of the United States. This improves the quality and quantity of supply while creating less harm to the public. The cost-benefit of organ trade may also benefit insurance companies and brokers. For example, it is much cheaper to pay for a kidney rather than to keep a patient alive on dialysis. A transplant would pay for itself within a couple of years and the patient is healthy just after one surgery. Opposed to continuing costs of keeping a patient alive through expensive treatments for months even years (Crane). This results in benefits to both the patient and the companies. The basic means to why organs are donated is for human survival. If we could legalize the use of organ sales, then not only will more sick patients survive, but those in poverty will have a better chance of survival too. The recipient survives the terminal illness, and the seller receives money to get them out of the threat of poverty. This could help college students pay for their education, help those without the means to afford insurance afford medical care, fewer people would resort to crime in order to receive “easy” money, etc. With organ trade, everybody wins.“Society owes a duty to save the life of a dying man and in the event of failure to do so, it is absolutely immoral to interfere with his own arrangements by making unrealistic laws.” (RR Kishore) If you are still hesitant receiving money for one's organs, I have a proposition for another solution. Perhaps those giving their organs can receive medical insurance rather than money. There are many individuals who cannot afford medical insurance and this would be a viable way for them to be covered. Perhaps this is a more ethical solution to the matter. Those giving to sick patients should also receive help when they are in a medical crisis.
In conclusion, there is a major need for a greater organ supply in the United States. Legalizing the market for human organs is the solution to this problem. This would result in a personal economic improvement and save lives. Organ marketing is not contrary to human dignity and saving a human life far outwieghs the cons. I sincerely hope that you will take my point of view on the organ shortage into consideration. Thank you very much for your time.
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Organ Sales Will Save Lives. (2021, Jul 01).
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The Movie “The Greatest Showman”
The movie, ‘The Greatest Showman’ portrayed P.T Barnum as a heroic savior. One might realize the opposite is true after learning his background and the way he ran his business.
Phineas Taylor Barnum, later known as “P.T Barnum” was born on July 5, 1810 in Bethel, Connecticut. His father, Philio Barnum, was a man with many careers. He farmed, tailored and operated a small business for a short period of time. His mother, Irene, was unemployed for most of Phineas’ life. Philio had ten children while Irene only had her beloved son. Their family was financially stable enough to live a comfortable but not luxurious life.
In the beginning of the movie, one sees young Barnum as a rummager. He is going through trash cans and stealing fruits from the markets to make a living. The movie, The Greatest Showman, portrayed Phineas’ character as poor and neglected. When Philio went to the Hallet residence to do some tailoring work, Phineas came along it was there where he first met Charity. In the first scene, Phineas makes her laugh. She then is scolded sent to her room by her parents. After realizing what the great injustice, making Charity lau Phineas approached Charity’s father and accepted all fault in the incident. Her father hit Barnum while his father was just a sitting bystander. After his father disregarded his beating, Phillip ran away from the Hallet residence. Shortly after, Charity was sent away to boarding school to learn how to act like a ‘civilized young lady’. One of the most popular songs, in the movie is: “A Million Dreams” the chorus, sung by young Phineas says: “…I close my eyes and I can see, the world that's waiting up for me…that I call my own. Through the dark, through the door, through where no one's been before. But it feels like home. They can say, they can say it all sounds crazy. They can say, they can say I've lost my mind. I don't care, I don't care, so call me crazy. We can live in a world that we design…(The Greatest Showman, 6:50). One could infer that the song is about the mistreatment and neglect young Barnum felt throughout his childhood. In his dreams, one day, he would finally be in control and be able to live an enjoyable life.
Barnum’s salesman skills developed at an early age. When he was just a young boy, he delivered snacks and drinks to local soldiers. He also worked in his father’s grocery store for a short period (P.T Barnum, 1). At fifteen, Philip’s father, Philio passed away, the responsibility of Barnum’s family shifted to Philip. He had become the head of the household, while still a young teenager. The next job Barnum took, was the publisher of “Herald of Freedom”, Connecticut’s famous weekly newspaper. While employed there, he was arrested three times for defamation (Wallace, 1). The arrests gave Barnum a glimpse of the coming fame. Young Philip was incredibly successful. He was gifted in math and was extremely skilled in physical labor and a incredibly hard worker. After Philio had passed away, Barnum had “liquidated the family assets and went to work at a local general store”. While working, nineteen year old Barnum met Charity Hallet, his future wife. (Connecticut History, 2). The young couple then married in the fall of 1829.
Not only did he meet his wife in the grocery store, he also met Coley Bartram, the man responsible for getting Philip involved the world of the exotic. Bartram knew Barnum had a curiosity before meeting him in person. At the store, Coley mentioned that he was looking to sell a certain “curiosity”, who was then intrigued and jumped at the opportunity (Connecticut History, 1). The curiosity Barnum purchased was Joice Heath, an elderly enslaved woman. People were deceived into believing that she was one hundred and sixty one years old and the nurse of former president George Washington. Barnum displayed this woman and traveled with her, trying to get his money’s worth (Biography, 1). “With Heth, he [Barnum] saw an opportunity to strike it rich, although he almost went bankrupt because of her purchase. Though slavery was outlawed in Pennsylvania and New York at the time, a loophole allowed him to lease her for a year” (Mansky, 1). Heth was not the only slave Barnum owned, he is quoted saying: “…I did more, I whipped my slaves (Mansky, 3). The extent to which Joice was treated is unknown today. After toting her around the world, and making a large profit off of her, Heth finally passed away. Although Philip was not done with her after she passed away in 1836, he had one more trick up his sleeve. He exploited the poor woman even after she died. He hosted a live autopsy of Ms. Heth that February. Over one thousand attendees paid to watch the dissection of this curiosity. The autopsy proved that she was half her foretold age, that this “nurse of George Washington” was just a fable. Barnum claimed to believe that he truly believed Joice was who she said she was. He placed all blame on her and Coley. (Mansky, 2).
Barnum was not finished after Heth, his showman career had just begun. After moving to New York with Charity, he went and purchased Scudder’s American Museum. Barnum used the money he made off of Joice’s autopsy to remake the Manhattan museum (Biography, 1). The five-story building was gutted of all of the paintings and wax figures that it had once contained. Philip wanted to make the first live and exotic museum (Britannica, 1). Some of his most famous exhibits were the Feejee Mermaid and Siamese Twins. The Mermaid had the face of a human but the tail of the mystical sea creature. The Siamese twins, Chang and Eng, were two twins connected at the hip and were one of Barnum’s most successful exhibits, according to Britannica Encyclopedia. Charles Sherwood Stratton, a four year old who weighed fifteen pounds and stood a little below two feet tall, was Barnum’s most popular exhibit. It was led to be believed that Barnum sold over 20 million tickets to this exhibit alone (Britannica, 2). Barnum then taught Stratton, to sing later introducing him to the public as “General Tom Thumb.” (Biography, 2). He stripped the boy of his childhood for his own selfishness and glory. Barnum received much praise from the public for this decision. The most famous fans of “General Tom Thumb” and Barnum were President Lincoln and Queen Victoria.
The movie failed to portray the monster that Barnum had become. There was no mention of Joice Heath, Feejee Mermaid or the Siamese Twins, although Charles Stratton (Sam Humphrey, in the movie) made an appearance. In the movie, Stratton was a consenting twenty year old man. In the movie, Barnum is seen approaching Charles’ house demanding a chance to persuade him into joining the show. He speaks with Charles, regarding his insecurity, suggesting that will actually make him more popular (The Greatest Showman, 21:18). Another time, he preys on someone’s insecurity for his own good is when he meets Keala Settle, later known ‘Bearded Lady’. In the movie, Barnum is seen walking with his daughters, advertising the need for more ‘curiosities’. While walking, he hears a beautiful singing voice coming through the windows of the local laundromat. He follows the voice even after being begged to stop. When he approaches the beautiful voice, he is warned to back away by Keala. After removing the curtain, she was hiding behind, the woman with a beard begs him to go. Barnum then tells her that she is magnificently looking and belongs on the stage. He then convinces her that she is misunderstood and being on stage will help others understand how she feels (The Greatest Showman, 23: 08).
Barnum later meets with a series of misfits, Dog Boy, seven hundred and fifty pound man and even a black trapeze artist are just a few. Each time, he convinces each “exotic” that they need each other and need family. He makes them believe that they are a family and want what is best for them. Barnum begins singing “Come Alive” and the chorus reads: “…And the world becomes a fantasy and you're more than you could ever be.’ Cause you're dreaming with your eyes wide open. And you know, you can't go back again to the world that you were living in. 'Cause you're dreaming with your eyes wide open. So, come alive. I see it in your eyes. You believe that lie that you need to hide your face. Afraid to step outside so you lock the door but don't you stay that way…” (The Greatest Showman 26:14). Shortly there- after, Paul Sarks, (James Gordon Bennet Sr [in real life]) approaches Barnum about being a fraud, Barnum then goes on to accuse Sarks of being the real fraud for being a theatre critic but finding no joy in the theatre. Again, there is no wrong found in Barnum nor his actions.
In 1850, Phillip took another risk and used every penny earned from his previous successful shows to get Jenny Lind (professional Swedish singer) flown in. He never heard Jenny sing, he just heard how talented she was and knew she came highly recommended. Jenny was known as “Swedish Nightingale” and Barnum’s most famous project (Wallace, 2). Together they toured nine months of concerts and made an incredible profit (Wallace, 3). He profited over $500,000 off of Jenny and her tour. (Biography, 2).
In the movie, Jenny is told to be the most famous singer in all of Europe (The Greatest Showman, 45:14). Jennie’s song, in the movie, is “Never Enough” her chorus is: “…All the shine of a thousand spotlights, all the stars we steal from the night sky. Will never be enough. Never be enough. Towers of gold are still too little, these hands could hold the world but it'll never be enough, ever be enough, for me…”.During the tour, the two are exposed of having an affair together. The scene after Jenny sings, she is seen in a hotel room kissing Barnum. A picture of the promiscuous two is then released and sold to the public because Barnum refused to betray Charity. Ms. Lind then quits the tour. According to History and Hollywood, there was no affair nor a scandalous photograph of Jenny and Barnum that was circulated around. (History Hollywood, 12).
According to Biography, in July of 1865, Barnum’s museum was abruptly burnt down (Biography, 3). The massive fire caused Barnum to go bankrupt as he has no savings. Barnum eventually then moved on from show business and got into politics. Barnum served multiple terms as legislature and moved up to mayor in 1875. He then helped and founded the Bridgeport Hospital and became its first president. (Biography, 4).
After forty four years of marriage, Charity fell ill and passed away. Since one child had passed during childhood and his other daughter was shunned from the family for committing adultery, Barnum had no heir to leave his precious possessions to. He then married twenty four year old, Nancy Fish, hoping to find an acceptable heir (Wallace, 2).
According to the online Britannica Encyclopedia, at age eighty one, Barnum, incredibly ill, passed away. Phillip always enjoyed a show and requested that the New York Paper would publish his obituary weeks in advance so he could enjoy it and the attention that came along with it (Wallace, 3).
The movie, The Greatest Showman, failed to mention Charity’s death, Barnum’s children’s death and disownment, nor mentioned his government positions and his death. Benjamin Reiss, professor at Emory University and author of The Showman and The Slave, of Barnum said: “We can choose to erase things or dance around touchy subjects and present a kind of feel good story, or we can use it as an opportunity to look at very complex and troubling histories that our culture has been struggling with for centuries.” That applies to the life of Barnum. One can focus on the terrible things Barnum had done or can choose to focus on the joy he brought people, although it was all based on a lie. Reiss also shared about Barnum’s “uncle reputation”, that today, when “Phillip Barnum” is heard, the first thing that comes to the mind of many people is the joy that Barnum brought many people. He helped give the underdogs a place where they belonged. People ignore the exploitation that Phillip had made and focus on the qualities they chose to believe. They chose to believe in a man who loved the curious and the different, not a man who neglected them for his own profit.
Overall, spinning a sinful life into a beautiful story that families would enjoy together, is also a ‘story’ that Barnum would be a fan of. Being able to deceive everyone into believing in a little “magic”. Truly, the movie, ‘The Greatest Showman’ portrayed P.T Barnum as a heroic savior. One could realize the opposite after understanding his business and background.
“Contrary to popular belief, Barnum’s great discovery was not how easy it was to deceive the public, but rather how much the public enjoyed being deceived.”
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“The Greatest Showman” (movie Review)
In my opinion, a movie or a show needs to have quite a few things to really make it go “WOW!” The events of the movie need to flow together but have some twists. If there is flashbacks, they need to make sense with where they are inserted. The costumes need to fit the characters personality, the plot needs to have high climatic moments and calm soothing moments, and the settings needs to diverse. The Greatest Showman ticked all of these boxes. So, to me, The Greatest Showman was a remarkable movie. The storyline itself really brought it all together for me. But not all people loved it as much as I did. “This isn’t the story of Barnum’s life, but a formulaic rags-to-riches story grafted onto the broad outlines of Barnum’s career as a circus entrepreneur (RottenTomatoes).” This shows that some people thought that this movie was just like Barnum; a fraud. This really is the type of movie that you either really love or really hate.
The Greatest Showman starts out when Phineas Taylor Barnum, or P.T Barnum as he would call himself, was a child. What the producers were really trying to depict was his backstory. They are trying to build us up to where we would really start his story. Phineas’ family consisted of just his dad and himself. They were the type of family that struggled to make ends meet. His dad was a tailor. He tailored clothes for some of the wealthiest people in town. This is where Phineas met who would be wife in the future, Charity Hallett. As time went on in the backstory, Phineas’ dad ends up passing away leaving him family-less and also homeless. While living on the streets he found an opportunity to go work on the railroad. After he follows that opportunity we are brought into his current life. His backstory really built onto the fact that he struggled a lot as a child to get to where he was that day. Even though he still had not found success, he was proud to be where he was currently.
P.T Barnum and Charity are married, have two kids, and are struggling to makes ends meet. Charity stays home with the kids while Barnum works to bring the bread home. This depicts what life was like for the families back in the 1860’s. The women would stay home and take care of the kids while the men would go to work to bring the income in for the family. I feel the producers and writers really portrayed what life was like back then.
When it cuts to the scene when Barnum was working, he is getting ready to lose his job. Not knowing that he was going to lose his job, he goes to propose an idea to his boss. That is when his boss tells everyone that all of their assets sunk to the bottom of the South China sea and they were all laid off indefinitely. As he was packing his suitcase he snuck in a sheet. The sheet was the details of their assets. He uses these to get a loan at the bank. Unknown to the bank, those assets were worth nothing. While at the bank, he had seen a mother with her ground adult son, whom was a little person which lit a little spark in Barnum’s mind, but he wasn’t sure what the spark was for at first. His actions at the bank are the first to show us what kind of Barnum is, a fraud. Yes, this does give off a bad look on the character in our eyes, but it also builds on his character as the movie goes on. We can’t jump to conclusions to fast.
With the money he received from the bank, Barnum bought the museum of morbid curiositeis. Without the help from his daughter, Barnum may have never made it. When he came home from working the museum one night, she gave him the idea of real entertainment. The spark came back to him. He went on a search for the most unique people he could find. Through searching himself and holding an open call he found his livelihood. He found the bearded lady with the vocals of an angel, the little man from the bank who wanted to be a general, the tattoo man and a few others. “This was the moment when ignored people are for the first time really seen (O’Malley).” He brought out the people that weren’t liked or made fun of their whole lives for people to come watch. All of these people were apprehensive about doing the show at first, but once they came out, were surprised and amazed by how the crows reacted.
Even though Barnum was a fraud, people still enjoyed the show he put on. He put on the show and made it seem like he was putting all these people before himself, but in true reality was all about the money. He did not care what he gave to the bank did not have any worth and some of his acts were a lie. For example, there is two cases in this movie that really show what Barnum was about. The first being when he bought the house down that way from Charities parents’ house. And when he rubbed his success with Jenny Lind. He was all about shoving his success down her parent’s throat because of the way they treated him in the past. “It’s something of a win-win, as these outcasts get to reclaim a measure of pride, Barnum gets to thumb his nose at the people who said he’d never amount to anything (Ehrlich).” He was more worried about rubbing his success in, rather than how this all made his acts feel or even his own family.
Even though Barnum wasn’t about the people when the whole thing started, he made the turn around. He wanted to focus on his family and watch his girls grow up. Just because he put on a fraud show does not make this a bad movie. I feel that all the elements combined together make a great story line and kept the story interesting as it went along. I did not want to take my eyes off the screen because I was so interested in the movie and every time my interest would start to go down, something else would bring it back up. I thought being hoodwinked was a pleasurable experience, will you?
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Purple Hibiscus (symbolism)
In the novel Purple Hibiscus, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie uses setting to underline the character development Kambili experiences as she faces a significant shift in behavior and attitude. The two main settings, Enugu and Nsukka, implement the themes of freedom, silence, and oppression.
Containing materialistic items and a copious amount of space, Enugu shapes Kambili into a blindly obedient person who strives to live up to her abusive father’s expectations while enduring his harrowing treatment. Adichie uses Kambili’s fear of Papa to establish her nonresistance and to fulfill his wishes as she doesn’t want to be deemed as ungrateful. She “needs him to smile at [her], in that way that lit up his face that warmed something inside [her]. But she had come second and was stained by failure” implying that Kambili yearns for Papa’s approval to feel that she has succeeded in reaching his dreadfully high standards and this causes her to speak only when she knows that “Papa would be proud that [she] has said that”(Adichie, 39, 289). Kambili is incapable of speaking her mind and feels isolated despite the fact that Papa supplies her with an ample amount of wealth to live a comfortable life. Her house has “too much empty space, our ceilings were too high. Our furniture was lifeless... the Persian rugs were too lush to have any feeling” supporting the fact that Kambili’s home in Enugu takes away her freedom and she has to “speak more with [her] spirits rather than with [her] lips”(192,16).
While Kambili feels helpless in her house in Enugu, Aunty Ifeoma’s vibrant home in Nsukka lifts the restrictions in her life and she is exposed to a different set of ideals that shape her into a more confident person. In Aunty Ifeoma’s house, “laughter always rang out and no matter where it came from, it bounced around all the walls” supporting the idea that the spontaneity of their house allows Kambili to feel more connected with her cousins whereas in Enugu, “the high ceilings gave rooms an airy stillness”(140, 113). Adichie utilizes Aunty Ifeoma’s house in Nsukka to signify the effect of place on Kambili’s character. As Kambili spends more time in Nsukka, she is able to speak her mind and have her own opinions. She adapts to the “Igbo songs that usually called for hand-clapping” and the “morning and night prayers that were always peppered with songs” implying that the practices that were once deemed as “sinful” are now seen in a more positive light(140). Not only is Kambili’s perspective changing, she reevaluates her relationship with God by participating in the Igbo songs and following Father Amadi’s version of religion where, instead of focusing on the fear, he finds the joy in the religion.
Adichie effectively develops Kambili’s journey of self-discovery through the juxtaposition of the two settings. As Kambili matures, she does not feel happiness in the wealth provided by Papa but the family unity implemented by Aunty Ifeoma’s house. The different microcosms established by the families’ mirrors post-colonial Nigeria because of the tyrannical government undergoing a significant change just as Kambili’s self-realization and independence arises against Papa’s oppression.
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Purple Hibiscus (symbolism). (2021, Jul 01).
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Music – Helping People with Learning Disabilities
So much of our lives revolve around school and learning. Think about it, from the time you are born, you are on the path to learning something. Babies will learn how to crawl. Toddlers will learn how to speak. Around 5 years old is when most children start kindergarten and for the next 13 years of their lives, or until they graduate from high school, they will spend most of their time in a classroom. Some even choose to continue on to university for another 4 or more years. One thing is for sure: we all experience learning in one way or another. But, not everyone has an easy time learning. In the United States, as many as 1 out of every 5 people have a learning disability (The University of Texas at Austin, Sarah & Earnest Butler School of Music, n.d.). These learning disabilities make it much harder for those affected by them to succeed in school and other walks of life, but as Sheldon H. Horowitz, Ed.D said, “Learning disabilities (LD) are not a prescription for failure. With the right kinds of instruction, guidance and support, there are no limits to what individuals with LD can achieve. (Cortiella & Horowits, 2014)” There are many tools used to help students who suffer from learning disabilities, but possibly on of the most effective is music. Music can help children with learning disabilities improve their social and emotional skills and learn better in the classroom.
Learning disabilities inhibit a person’s skill for receiving, storing, processing, retrieving or communicating information and they stem from neurological differences in brain structure and function. They take many different forms and some of the most common types are dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. Other related deficits and disorders include auditory processing deficit, visual processing deficit, non-verbal learning disabilities, executive function deficits, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) defines a learning disability as: “a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processed involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations. (Cortiella & Horowits, 2014)”
ADHD is one of the most common learning deficits diagnosed in the United States. As of 2016, there were an estimated 6.1 million children, ages 2-17, diagnosed with ADHD. That is roughly 9.4% of children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018). These are the same statistics that Amy C. McKeever of Rowan University was looking at when she investigated how classical music can help children with learning disabilities for her thesis. She looked at a sixth grade math class, ages 11-12, that was comprised of nineteen students. Of these nineteen students, six had ADHD. The students typical class routine entailed doing the warm up problems, reviewing previous homework, learning new material, and receiving new homework. They also completed pre-assessment, skill worksheets, and post-assessments. The study changed nothing about this class routine, except for the music being played. (McKeever, 2017)
Over a period of two weeks, McKeever observed them in the classroom while music was being played and while it wasn’t being played. She found that, “Out of the nineteen students in the classroom, four of the students scored the same amount with music playing than without music playing, one student scored lower when music was playing than when music wasn’t playing and the remaining fourteen students all increased their scores on their skill worksheet when music was playing. (McKeever, 2017)” When surveyed about their experience with the music, the majority of students said that they could concentrate better, felt more motivated, and felt calmer and more relaxed with the music playing.
At the age of 21, Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), type of Motor Neuron Disease. This was in 1963. Imagine if Hawking had never been able to communicate effectively again? Where would our world be without the scientific advances he made? Unique and intelligent individuals, like this, are what the world stands to lose if we cannot communicate with post-verbal people. Post-verbal people have a communication style that uses non-verbal forms of communication, such as noises, facial expressions, body language, movements, or eye gaze, instead of verbal forms. None of these forms of communication are explicit and many people have difficulty understanding them and often get frustrated or impatient with it, as a result post-verbal people can often become isolated, misunderstood, and discriminated against, which can in turn hinder their learning and overall wellbeing.
Over a period of two years, the Plymouth Institute of Education and Plymouth Music Zone (PMZ) is a project conducted a project called The Beyond Words project. It explored how learning music helps people who communicate non-verbally, like those with autism, stroke, or dementia. The study followed 25 post-verbal participants lives, and included teachers, social workers, and health practitioners; even going so far as to interview families and carers (all people who are important in the participants lives and know them best). It focused mainly on the participants emotional, social, and communication learning. For instance, the primary research question addressed how we involve and make music with people that communicate non-verbally and what benefits were gained by post-verbal participants in terms of wellbeing and social inclusion. It goes on to conclude that post-verbal people need music in order to pursue their wellbeing. Music helps them attain a voice and can be used as part of communicating with body language. Emotionally music helps them to develop their creativity, to develop self-soothing and self-care skills, and to give them access ‘unspoken pleasure and pain’. Socially it helped them create relationships with others. The study even determined that music can also help enable speech.
This was demonstrated by a teenager with autism named Sean. When Sean is around people he is knows and is comfortable with he speaks with ease, but when he is outside of his comfort-zone he is mute. Because of his time spent working with PMZ, Sean now has the ability to use music as his communication, instead of words, in uncomfortable situations. His mother even said, “He was a very introverted child for whom the world was a really scary place and it’s not quite so scary now… PMZ have built his confidence. (Quinn, Blandon, & Batson, 2017)” Music helped Sean develop emotionally, too. His mother passed away during his time with PMZ and he was able to use music to help in his grieving and communication of his emotion naturally. During this trying time, his Music Leader documented him saying, “I’ve started making my own songs at home. When I’m feeling sad, I just get the guitar out and it really helps me to get my feelings out. (Quinn, Blandon, & Batson, 2017)”
While there are many different methods for helping children with learning disabilities, music is probably of the simplest, yet most effective, methods. Music is beneficial to children with learning disabilities by helping them to develop emotionally and socially as well as develop their classroom and life skills, like concentration and motivation. The development of musical tactics to aid in learning can prove highly useful to those with learning disabilities. Therefore, the inclusion of these tactics in the classroom and in day to day life of the 6.1 million children that suffer from a learning disability would be highly beneficial in helping them overcome their disabilities.
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Music - Helping People With Learning Disabilities. (2021, Jul 01).
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