Month: May 2019
The Effectiveness of Time Management
The Effectiveness of Time Management in Leadership And the Important Contributing Factors
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to review the importance of time management in leadership and the essential contributing factors for its effectiveness. In order to have effective time management, there are certain contributing factors that must be present. The key elements for successful time management can be personalized for an individualr's line of work, because not all work and processes are the same. I have found that time management is also important for personal time as well. No matter if itr's work or personal time, to have a plan of action and knowing how much time you have to dedicate to each project, leads to a higher level of productivity. When engaging in effective time management for leadership, it contributes to building employee expertise levels within their position. When not utilizing effective time management, it will contribute to loss of time, wages and productivity.
The Effectiveness of Time Management in Leadership And the Important Contributing Factors
Time management is a very important part of successful leadership. One of the most fundamental parts of time management are the planning processes. The planning process should consist of a vision for setting goals, priorities and managing schedules. According to Farrell (2017), While there are many ways to organize time, the fundamental basis for any time, management process is linked to the planning process (p. 216).
This will also allow a leader to have a better understanding of how much time may be needed for different projects in an effort to avoid wasted time. Discussions will allow the leader to communicate the priorities and goals to the group so that everyone understands the overall objective. Delegating is a necessity to time management which enables a leader to focus on higher priorities. Delegating also contributes to team efforts and strengthens expertise levels of others if the leader knows who to delegate to and when to delegate. The leader should allow an employee to perform the task that has been delegated, which will enable the leader more time for higher priorities. Communication is a contributing factor to effective time management. Communication provides guidance which prevents employees from wasting time due to lack of information.
It is also important for leaders to realize that multiple forms of communication may be needed in to ensure that everyone within the team is well informed. Leaders should not only communicate their goals with employees but superiors and administration as well. While there are many contributing factors to effective time manage, the most important parts contribute to having a plan with priorities, delegate and communicate effectively. Time management should be based off of the group or organizations structure because there is not a universal strategy for time management. The strategy that works in one organization may not work in another organization.
References
- Farrell, M. (2017). Time management. Journal of Library Administration, 57(2), 215-222.
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The Effectiveness Of Time Management. (2019, May 29).
Retrieved November 4, 2025 , from
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Achieving Objectives through Time Management
Are you a to-do list-maker? If yes, congratulations. Read on to become a To-Do List-MakingMaestro. If no, you likely will be after reading about ourNo-Stress No-Tech Super Time Management Tool, aspecial professional way of creating to-do lists. Our previous post detailed the essential steps. We learned that the No-Stress No-Tech Super Time Management Tool is like a partner that keeps you on target and accountable, realistic and thorough. You accomplish your tasks and you meet your goals. With this special approach to your to-do list, you always know where you are, where you are going, and when youwill get there. How's that for stress relief?
If you have not had the opportunity to read the previous post, do check it out. In this post, the last in our series onprofessional time management , we are going zero in on 5 executive level tips to make sure the No-Stress No-Tech Super Time Management Tool is effective for you. These Executive Tips will streamline your lists. Follow them and you will get maximumlife hackingbenefits from your to-do listmaking.
Executive Tips for the To-Do List-Making Maestro
Exec Tip 1: Keep Lists Simple & Short
Strive to make your Main To-Do List, Day List and Future Listshort and concise. I understand your probable plight: So much to do, so little time . So, initially, your to-do lists may be lengthy and complex. However, long, detailed to-do lists can discourage and demotivate you from tackling the individual items. I find about 20 items to be manageable and doable. As you draw up your lists, you'll refine your skills of prioritizing tasks and streamlining your lists. You might even delegate some tasks to others. Soon you'll discover your to-do lists and your life itself can be much simpler. Bonus: Less stress. So, remember the KISS tip: Keep It Simple and Short. Remember: Listing things wont make you a good time manager. Keep taking action on your to-do's and update your lists as necessary. Ban any procrastination! . Procrastination leads to abandonment, which lands you back to square one! Your To-Do list is a terrific time management tool to help you manage your time so that you take action with direction. View it as a virtual companion and be sure you keep it current and active.
Exec Tip 2: Be Specific on the Action
Generalities keep your tasks at a distance. Chunk them down to specifics. Then use verbs to direct yourself to get the tasks done. Example: Instead of saying,Oral presentation, say Write notecards for oral presentation. David Allen explains in his book,Getting Things Done,that projects are not tasks; projects are collections of tasks. So, chunk down your projects into action steps that you can accomplish. A seemingly insurmountable project is simply the sum of its very doable parts.
Exec Tip 3:Skip Commonplace Activities
A to-do list is actually a way to manage your time when additional activities begin to accumulate. With this in mind, dont bother adding routines like eat breakfast or drive to work. They do take time but they're already built into your schedule. So, it's actually counterproductive and time-consuming to crowd your list with them. Instead, focus on upcoming tasks that require more than the usual time for your tasks. Example:Clear desktop clutter orGo to dentist appointment.
Exec Tip 4: Hammer the Hard Tasks First
Some time managers believe in starting their day with easy work to get themselves moving. Any time I tried this, it yielded negative results: Not a great sense of accomplishment and little time or energy left for the more difficult tasks. In addition, getting back on track was challenging because the remaining items on the to-do list required a lot of time and problem-solving. You can avoid this scenario completely by balancing tough tasks and easy tasks. The first thing you should try to accomplish in your day, when your energy is high, is a difficult or time-consuming task that you are prepared to tackle. Keep working on the difficult task until youve completed all of it or at least 50% of it. This will gratify you with achieving your goal for this one difficult task. As a rule of thumb, do the difficult first and reward yourself with the easy. Put this in side boxSide tip on time: Dont let yourself start on a task, only to leave it a few minutes later because itr's difficult. The more difficult the task, the more time you need to accomplish it. So, be fair to yourself: Schedule your tasks within reasonable, workable time frames. Image source?
Exec Tip 5: Be Flexible and Adaptable
Flexibility is the most important trait that you can develop when managing your time. If you are too hard on yourself and inflexible with your schedule, you may feel overwhelmed with the demands you put on yourself. You can avoid this unnecessary frustration. You know yourself better than anyone else on the planet. Be mindful of how you feel and what youre thinking when youre planning the days ahead. It's okay to make adjustments as necessary. Take pride in steady progress and your completion of any task.
Exec Tip 6: Work with Your Organic Schedule
Every individual has a unique organic or natural working schedule. Morning people feel pumped up to work right after breakfast. Other individuals are most efficient accomplishing their tasks right after lunch. Night people like me work best in the hours before and after midnight. Your prime working time, unique to your inner clock, is the time to schedule your challenging work. Schedule your most difficult tasks to coincide with your wave of productivity. Reserve your easier tasks for the times of the day when your energy tends to be lower.
Understandable: Some people might not have the option to move their work around. How to remedy no-option time constraints: Schedule rest gaps between the difficult tasks. These recovery periods will help you function better. The Takeaway: Your list is a most important component of Time Management Best Practices. It should be your daily companion. Make your lists short and uncluttered by routines. Schedule the difficult first but be kind to yourself: Set your schedule for the tasks you feel you can accomplish and the times you are at your best to accomplish them.
Remember: Listing things wont make you a good time manager. Keep taking action on your to-do's and update your lists as necessary. Ban any procrastination! . Procrastination leads to abandonment, which lands you back to square one! Your To-Do list is a terrific time management tool to help you manage your time so that you take action with direction. View it as a virtual companion and be sure you keep it current and active.
This 3-part series on Time Management focused on time as your most important resource. The techniques are customized for you and by you. If you follow the practical steps in these 3 posts, you will are bound to enjoy greater organization in your life, confidence in your capabilities to get things done, and considerable relief from stress. You have learned techniques and tools to personalize your time management. If you have implemented the techniques already, then you have inventoried and adjusted your present use of time (Part 1). You have or soon will have created the No-Stress No-Tech Super Time Management Too a special approach to your to-do list for surefire effectiveness (Part 2). Finally, you will have fine-tuned your to-do list with five high-level Executive Tips (Part 3) on-pagejump. These Time Management techniques work. Tell us in the Comment box below if they have helped you. Wed love to hear of any of your own techniques that work for you.
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Achieving Objectives Through Time Management. (2019, May 29).
Retrieved November 4, 2025 , from
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Time Management Skills
What are you doing right now? What do you wish you could be doing right now? What other things could you be doing right now? These are all good questions that all come to one common term. Time management. We all know the feeling of maybe I should do this before I do that. All people can agree efficiency is what makes the world spin but the ideals can be scaled at miniscule or gargantuan levels in the sense you can be efficient with doing the dishes or a multi billion dollar company can be efficient with the production of those plates. Jeff bezos is a multi billionaire and the owner of Amazon an almost trillion dollar company but he does this because he is very good at predicting things and somewhat guessing. He only owns 16% when it comes to the company itself but he is using his knowledge of management and putting all of his time towards the most important aspect of his company. Time management skills can be used to become more efficient and less stressful in the long run.
The ability to be able to get things done on a schedule makes life go by faster meaning one can use more time to worry less about smaller inconveniences. Forty fifth president of the United States of America, Donald John Trump Created The Art of The Deal and in that book he talked about the ways he used his time in such a way that resulted in productivity in his life. Like what trump mentioned in his book pertaining to this topic was, the time you spend doing something doesn't matter, itr's what comes from that time spent. He also mentioned how his jobs had significantly lower prices (cost for them) than other companies due to them being ahead of schedule. Using those tools to better your time and to get ahead of other things that you might be focused on. These all are great ways to help someone out with their most important value and to get more enjoyment out of what they put in to something.
Clincher: What is the importance of this subtopic? The organisation of your time is an efficient way to make your life more productive and useful due to what you know and when something is happening.
Stress can overwhelm anything due to over thinking and over/ under production and meeting things at certain dates so itr's not bad to just think. Matt Mayberry is a motivational speaker and a CEO of a company, and is very successful at both, but in one of his articles about Time management he wrote about how someone can Take a walk, go to the gym, get some fresh air or take that sick day you have been holding out on (Mayberry). This quote is very good for someone who over works and never has time to themselves. People have needed some time to think and doing some of the suggested things Matt said is a good way to clear your head so you can get back on track. By doing this people get to working harder on one thing because the negatives have been cleared from their head. Mayberryr's article is very helpful in listing ways you can use time correctly or in your favor but a great listen would be Time management Is Key To Getting Work Done. This is a great podcast between two great women in Radio/Podcasts Renee Montagne and Lucy Kellaway are great examples of everyday people. In this podcast these ladies talk about their daily struggles. Lucy mentioned that her addiction to reading emails gets in the way of her other important tasks due to how stressful they can be. This is a great point because small things like emails or texts can suck us in to doing something for a long period of time without being productive. People tend to get off topic and lose productivity due to these small obstacles and stress due to them. This whole process is a waste of time and unnecessary .
The effective use of time management skills are what help people and businesses run faster and with less problems. Most people Have smaller obstacles that when piled up can become major and hinder their full potential and need way to get around those things. Schedules can really help as well due to having everything in a position instead of just saying whatr's next people already have a game plan. Most people can agree that if you use any management skills not just time management skills your life will be a whole lot smoother. People as a whole are better impacted when not only people work together but have specialized ways they can work themselves with those other people to reach the end goal.
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Time Management Skills. (2019, May 29).
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How does Time Management Work?
1. Compare the results of your personal time allocation to your ideal time allocation. Are you close to your ideal allocation? If not, what factors are affecting your use of time?
It was not much different. Once I added the numbers up it came down to 169 hours. I went back and reviewed the times and I realized that I had more time down to “eating (including preparing food), etc.) than I actually use. I have set working on my classes as my top priority and I’ve been dedicating all the free hours that I have. One thing I’ve noticed is that the time I wrote down for attending class and studying is really an estimate. I’m not exactly sure on how much time I’m spending because I don’t keep track, I’ve just been using all my free time to study and focusing on finish all the assignments as soon as possible. But I know it’s a considerable amount of time. I’ve decided I’m going to start a log starting next week’s term so I can have an exact idea of how I’m using my time.
2. Based on what you’ve read this week, what strategies can you use to more effectively manage your time? Be sure to identify at least three time management strategies, and describe how you will apply them.
1. Time management: According to the textbook “To succeed in college, virtually everyone has to develop effective strategies for dealing with time. Something, somewhere has to give. That’s part of time management—and why it’s important to keep your goals and priorities in mind. The other part is to learn how to use the hours you do have as effectively as possible, especially the study hours.” (College Success”, 2015). After reading the chapter of the textbook I started researching about ways I could use to manage my time better, stay focused and increase productivity studying. I came accross this Pomodoro techinique and I found it really interesting. I decided I’m going to give it a try. “The Pomodoro Technique is a time management system that encourages people to work with the time they have—rather than against it.” (“Boogaard, Kat”, n.d.). I’ve been keeping my goals and priorities in mind and ensuring I use my hours as effectively as possible. I’ve planned my time in a way that I don’t feel overwhelmed and it’s been working so far.
2. Not procrastinate: Since I started my first term with UoPeople I had one very important thing in mind. I would not procrastinate. And I have been succesful on doing that. One thing that I’m worried about every time I start a new week is: making sure I read all the material and work on the assignments as soon as possible. I keep in mind that if I do that I will have spare time in case something comes up, or I can reward myself with the extra free time once everything is done.
3. Decide where I will not spend time: Before returning to school I would use my days off to spend time with my girlfriend and do other things for myself like playing video game, going to the shooting range and watching my favorite shows on Netflix. The workload is more than I thought it would be and it made me think of the orientation. They warn you, and it was true. And because of that I’ve decided where I wont be spending my time. Since the beggining of the term I haven’t been to the shooting range and I’ve also reduced my time playing video games, drastically. I used to go to the shooting range once a week. I also had to reduce the time spent watching Netflix. I used binge watch my favorite shows and now I haven’t been able to do that anymore. I recently started watching Narcos – Mexico and haven’t even gotten to episode 4 yet.
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How Does Time Management Work?. (2019, May 29).
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Importance of Time Management
- Time Management Best List-Making Practices
- Best List-Making Practice #1: Keep It Short & Sweet
- Best List-Making Practice #2: Dont Add Commonplace Activities
- Best List-Making Practice #3: Hammer the Hard Tasks First
- Best List-Making Practice #4: Be Flexible and Adaptable
- Best List-Making Practice #5: Work with Your Organic Schedule
You are reading the 3rd and last part of our series on professional time management. We are going to expand on our last post about an essential component of time management: List-Making. In this post you will learn five Time Management Best List-Making Practices or successful professionals for effective List-Making. These Best List-Making Practices will streamline your list so it has a kind of punch for effectiveness and ensure you get the maximum benefits from this life hack technique. If you missed the earlier posts in this valuable Time Management series, you can check them out here: Part 1 and Part 2. Ready to become a list building virtuoso? Read on.
Time Management Best List-Making Practices
Best List-Making Practice #1: Keep It Short & Sweet
I understand that many of you stress solution seekers have a lot on your plate. Initially, your to-do list will be long and complex. As you continue to refine your skill of prioritizing tasks and delegating work to others, you will discover that your to-do list, and your life itself, can be so much simpler. Bonus: Stress will be less. So, strive to make your main to-do list, day list and future list short and concise. If your to-do lists become too detailed, you may de-motivate yourself from accomplishing each of the items. How many items should be in your to-do lists? As a rule of thumb, I often limit my total to-do items to 20 items. If I have to add one more to this list, I often check off 5 or more to get ahead. Beware: Listing things wont make you a good time manager.
The list is the tool that will help you manage your time more efficiently. View it as a virtual companion and be sure you keep it current and active. If you end up procrastinating or abandoning your to-do lists, they wont be any help at all.
Best List-Making Practice #2: Dont Add Commonplace Activities
A to-do list is actually a way to manage your time when additional activities begin to pile up. With this in mind, dont bother adding routines like have breakfast or drive to work on your to-do lists. You already know for sure that youre going to perform these tasks, so it is actually counterproductive and time “consuming to crowd your list with them. Instead, focus on upcoming tasks that require more time than your usual tasks. Example: Going to the dentist or getting an appointment somewhere.
Best List-Making Practice #3: Hammer the Hard Tasks First
There was a time when I focused too much on the easy tasks. The problem: I had little or no time left for the more difficult tasks. It was very challenging to get back on track because the remaining items on the to-do list were all difficult and time-consuming. You can avoid this scenario completely by balancing tough tasks and easy tasks.
The first thing that you should try to accomplish in your day, when your energy is high, should a difficult or time-consuming task. Be sure this is a task you are prepared to tackle. Keep working on a difficult task until youve finished it or you finished at least 50% of the work needed to complete it. This will gratify you with achieving your goal for this one difficult task this day.
Source?
Dont let yourself start on a task, only to leave it a few minutes later because itr's difficult. The difficulty level of a task is a big determinant of how much time to allot to it. As a taskr's difficulty increases, so does the time you need to accomplish it. So, be fair to yourself: Schedule you tasks within reasonable time frames.
Best List-Making Practice #4: Be Flexible and Adaptable
Flexibility is the most important trait that you can develop when you are managing your time. If you too hard on yourself, inflexible with your own schedule, you may feel frustrated. You could be overwhelmed with at all the important things you have yet to accomplish. Be kind to yourself, make adjustments as necessary, and see steady progress. You know yourself better than anyone else on the planet. Be mindful of how you feel and what youre thinking when youre planning the days ahead.
Best List-Making Practice #5: Work with Your Organic Schedule
Each personr's organic or natural working schedule is unique. Some individuals feel pumped up to work right after lunch. Night people like me work better in the hours that lead to midnight. And still other individuals are most efficient accomplishing their tasks right after breakfast. Your prime working time, unique to your inner clock, is the time to schedule your challenging work. Schedule your most difficult tasks to coincide with your wave of productivity. Reserve your easier tasks for the times of the day when your energy is a little low and you can only handle smaller tasks.
Understandable: Some people might not have the option to move their work around. How to remedy this matter: Schedule rest gaps between the difficult tasks. These recovery periods will help you function better. You wont be overwhelmed with difficult tasks, even if youre not mentally conditioned to do them at a particular time.
The Takeaway:
Your list is a most important component of Time Management Best Practices. It should be your daily companion. Youre your list short and uncluttered with the commonplace. Schedule the difficult first but be kind to yourself: Set your schedule for what you feel you can accomplish and when you are at your best to accomplish it.
This 3-part series on Time Management focused on time as your most important resource. The techniques are customized by you and for you.
If you follow the practical steps in these 3 posts, you will are bound to enjoy greater organization in your life, confidence in your capabilities to get things done, and considerable relief from stress.
You have learned techniques and tools to personalize your time management. If you have implemented the techniques already, then you have inventoried and adjusted your present use of time (Part 1). You have created a Super Tool a special approach to your to-do list for surefire effectiveness (Part 2). Finally, you fine-tuned your to-do list with professional best practices (Part 3).
These Time Management techniques work. Let us know if they have helped you. Wed love to hear of any or your own techniques that work for you.
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Importance Of Time Management. (2019, May 29).
Retrieved November 4, 2025 , from
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Gender Roles in their Eyes were Watching God
Gender roles are a crucial theme in the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God by Hurston. According to the narrative, women and men play diverse roles. The women are not only thought of as the frailer gender but are also characterized by their affiliation with men. The female counterparts are portrayed as good little wives who are not allowed to speak up or disrespect their men. The women could only acquire power by marrying powerful and rich men. It was expected of men to prove their masculinity by controlling their companions and putting them in the right direction. This essay discusses the perception of masculinity and aims at describing Tea Caker's masculinity as he relates with Janie. Women get conformed to states of domesticity, passivity, and objects of desire by men.
Women's actions are limited with notions of propriety and insults on their sexuality and appearances. When they show any male behaviorism the form of authority, intelligence, and ambition, they are viewed as extra masculine and hence; ugly. On the other hand, men are expected to take control and prove their masculinity to peers by showing their wives who the boss is. Although Hurstonr's writing focuses on the struggle of women in a society that is dominated by masculine beings, her use of Tea Cake as a character takes a different approach to the masculinity perception. When Tea Cake married Janie, he at first appeared to be inconsiderate and domineering to his spouse. He later proves his love for Jannie by working hard and making sacrifices, and this continued up until he passed away.
Tea Cake, Janier's third husband, and lover excites her by his swift wit and enthusiasm for life, and his characteristics represent the decent carefree side of men since he believes more in gender equality. Tea Caker's support for gender equality is seen when he educates Janie on hunting and shooting guns since these are activities which are viewed as more masculine in society. It is also assumed, Tea Cake has a real liking for and understanding of Janie. He encourages Janie to enjoy her freedom and respects her personal choices. Even with all the sweet characteristics portrayed by Tea Cake, he still carries some negative behaviors towards his lover by stealing from her and being physically abusive. These bad episodes, nevertheless, make him a more realistic character than one who has only perfect optimistic qualities.
Tea Cake assumes a role in Janier's life, helping her to understand herself better. By training her on gun handling, he ironically gives her the skills and tools which are eventually used to finish him off. After being bitten by a dog, the rabies he acquired were well-thought-out as amplifiers of his mistakes, for instance, jealousy. Janie's stand on saving herself instead of yielding herself to the insane Tea Cake proves to her growing logic of identity and illustrates that his ultimate role in the tale is to support her in experiencing joy and safety confidently.
Like all previous husbands to Janie, Tea Cake plays a supportive role and functions as a catalyst which aides in pushing Janie towards her goals. As is portrayed at the end of the novel, Janie stays hopeful and firm following the death of Tea Cake. It is fair to state that she does not depend on Tea Cake although, he plays a crucial role in her growth. In Tea Cake, Janie discovers a vivacious and creative character who likes exploring his surrounding world and encourages her desire to cultivate. When they met, Janie had already begun forming a firm, proud sense of self, and Tea Cake ends up accelerating this spiritual growth.
Tea Cake can be considered as a tragic hero since his rabies fueled jealousy is what ends up destroying him. When he tries to kill Janie, because he undermines her, Janie ends up shooting him in self-defence. His pride also makes him unable to call the doctor even when in dire need. This is because of the societyr's stereotypic nature towards masculinity; that to be a real man, one must endure through pain and not cry for help from others, instead of facing the challenges with strength. Tea Cake also portrays societyr's and menr's despiteful behaviors towards women, viewing them as timid and weak characters when he tries to shoot Janie, but she later proved her capability of using such a powerful weapon and killing him in defence. Thus, one would see that men seemingly show their superiority toward women and it is unusual for women not to beaten when they fall out of direction.
Finally, Tea Cake, Janie's soul mate, portrays the good side of men who appreciate their wifer's values. He is an incessantly young person like Janie. The two met some few months after Janier's second husband passed away and Tea Cake fascinated her with his humble behavior and joyful appeal. He has no joint aspiration and acknowledges nature and beauty. The couple sits up late laughing and talking, admiring the night and the moon. Janie finds the love fantasy which she yearned for as a young lady in Tea Cake. Tea Cake also exposes Janie to new things: he trains her how to hunt, play checkers, and how to coexist with the laborers in the Everglades. Tea Cake encourages Janie to be herself unlike her ex-husbands, who always constrained her to conceal her natural personality.
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Love in Zora Neale Hurston’s Novel
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Main Message of their Eyes were Watching God
Hurston's "Their Eyes Were Watching God" shows a few topics, for example, discourse and quiet, love and marriage, lastly sexual orientation parts. Zora Neale Hurston completes a remarkable activity of establishing what men, for example, Joe Starks accepted were the standard parts for the African American female. Hurston appropriately portrayed Janie through her association with Joe, the figurative estimation of the donkey, and her exchange as a lady of quality, not worried about the goals of her white female partners, sitting up on a high seat and disregarding the world. Janie wanted a more prominent reason.
In Hurston's "Their Eyes Were Watching God", men and ladies possess isolate parts. Not exclusively are the ladies depicted as the more delicate sex, Hurston basically characterizes them by their connections to and with the men. In this way, marriage is vital in this story. The message sent here is that ladies can and do just acquire control through wedding effective or, at any rate, roused men. By the utilization of convention, ladies are restricted to the bounds of places of desolation, latency, home life, and obviously as sexual objectivity. The men reliably quiet the ladies' voices, restrain their activities with exclusive ideas and affront their appearance and sexuality. In contrasts, when the ladies show any general male qualities, for example, specialist, knowledge or aspiration, men refer to them as ugly and manly. The male characters set out to demonstrate to their associates that they are manly by demonstrating to their spouses that they are in control. This was not because of an individual want, but rather by society and everywhere and in addition ecological weights.The creator quickly presents the female point of view.
In "Their Eyes Were Watching God", Hurston observes Janie as a craftsman that improves Eatonville and points out her interest in self-disclosure. Immediately, on first page of the book, Hurston substantiates the complexity amongst men and ladies by starting Janie's mission to achieve realization of her own fantasies and forecasting the female journey topic all through the rest of the novel. "Presently, ladies overlook each one of those things they would prefer not to recollect, and recall all that they would prefer not to overlook. The fantasy is reality. At that point they act and do things as needs be" (Their Eyes Were Watching 1).
As a Black lady, Janie advocates for herself past desire and the perseverance that she indicates portrays her tenacious mission for genuine romance”the kind she longed for as a tyke. She knows about her status in the public arena, however is immovable in her assurance to dismiss it. Anybody or anything endeavoring to hamper Janie from her main goal for satisfaction disturbs her. "So the white man toss down the load and tell the nigger man tuh lift it up. He lift it up in light of the fact that he need to, however he don't tote it. He hand it to his womenfolks. De nigger lady is de donkey uh de world so hide as Ah can see, opines Janie's grandma trying to legitimize the marriage that she has organized her granddaughter" (Their Eyes Were Watching 14).
The passage establishes the nearness of the substandard status of ladies in this culture, a status that Janie must switch, somehow, keeping in mind the end goal to surface as a champion. Not withstanding this deterrent, Janie rejects prevention from accomplishing her fantasy. In "Their Eyes Were Watching God", Zora Neale Hurston uncovers the significance of sexual orientation parts and their place in African American culture during the 1930's. In Chapter 6, Hurston shows the significance of guys displaying predominance, their female accomplices and their endeavors to constrain them into parts of subservience. In this section, Joe Starks endeavors push Janie into a uninvolved part by quieting her in discussions, physically manhandling her in their home, and taking care of her as a thing in his ownership.
The creator builds up this ahead of schedule in the novel to fill in as an impetus for Janie to settle on the choice that her self-improvement and advancement as a solid lady will just emerge when she gets away from the form into which Joe has constrained her. Hurston displays that Janie ought to be permitted to have the privilege to do what white ladies do consistently; roost on high stools on their patios while unwinding. "Everyone was having a ton of fun at the donkey teasing. Everything except Janie" (Their Eyes Were Watching 56) exhibits the way Joe stresses that Janie give the feeling that she is experiencing the white lady's fantasy of unwinding at home and being humanized, as that is the part directed by her sexual orientation and in light of the fact that it advances the his depiction as an intense pioneer of the town. Notwithstanding when Janie argues, "T ain't nothin' so vital I got tuh do today, Jody. Why Ah can't go long wid you pull de draggin'- out?" (Their Eyes Were Watching 60) affirms her want to desert the preset, summed up parts of sexual orientation that ladies looked during this period. Janie wishes to produce her own way and do what brings her own fulfillment as a lady and not what the view of satisfaction is for all ladies.
Janie's concept of delight, in any case, is absent in the antiquated parts that the ladies of the 1930s were relied upon to acknowledge.Later in the section, we read, "Here he was simply pouring honor everywhere on her; constructing a high seat for her to sit in and neglect the world and she here frowning over it!" (Their Eyes Were Watching 62). Joe does not appear to get a handle on that delightful Janie does exclude giving her an existence that copies that of a white woman's. Rather, Janie would rather drench herself into her own way of life, praising the fundamentals that are natural for being a dark lady. Tragically, Joe either can't or won't satisfy this for her, along these lines she chooses to engage the organization of Tea Cake, who appears to pick up joy from sharing in life's less complex delights, for example, singing, narrating, moving and angling”incorporating Janie in his exercises.
Completely through the novel, we keep on witnessing the outward show of the prevalence that men feel over ladies. In the event that their companions don't obey or take after the strict parts of sex, it is ordinary for them to continue beatings, much the same as the donkey in section six. Notwithstanding something as little as an unwanted feast, could bring about physical manhandle. Numerous men trust that ladies need direction in each part of their lives, requiring guidelines for essential errands on a reliable premise. This slant cements the conviction of the male sex that their sex is more noteworthy and better finished ladies. Numerous men feel that ladies are totally oblivious and require men to guide them constantly; an assumption that adds fuel to them feeling their sexual orientation is more noteworthy to their female partner. In part six Janie objects, "You love to disclose to me what to do, however I can't let you know nothing' Ah see!" He reacts, "Dat's 'cause you require tellin', It would be desolate if Ah didn't. Someone got the chance to think for ladies and chillun and chickens and bovines. I god, they sho don't think none theirselves" (Their Eyes Were Watching 71).
Here, Joe implies that ladies have intellectual competence much the same as a chicken or ungainly dairy animals and that they should hold onto their parts as the lesser mate.In the long run, Janie gets away from her conventional female shape of talking just when addressed and obeying carelessly. She at long last discovers her voice toward the finish of part six when she says to Joe, "Now and then God gits commonplace wid us womenfolks to and talks His inside business. He disclosed to me how astonished He was and how astounded y'all is goin' tuh be in the event that you ever discover you don't know half as much 'session us as you figure you do. It's so natural to make yo'self out God Almighty when you aint' got nothin' tuh strain against however ladies and chickens" (Their Eyes Were Watching 75).
Janie speaking with Joe in this mold serves to illuminate Joe that she trusts that God addresses both genders similarly. She is facing the developer of the town. Janie needs Joe to comprehend that he isn't the divine force of the town since she also can be in contact with God. Furthermore, she needs Joe to realize that she knows that his sexual orientation does not make him a preeminent being over her or any lady. This denotes a both an advancement and transformation for Janie as a character. We now start to see her inward considerations. She is presently arranged to fight for her balance and freedom. By the section's decision, we witness a lady declining to enable men to proceed to hush and requesting rise to treatment. Janie's transformation from a detached lady to one wishing to play a dynamic part in forming the rights and obligations of the female sexual orientation is built up. "She knew now that marriage did not have intercourse. Janie's first dream was dead, so she turned into a lady" (Their Eyes Were Watching 24).
No longer reluctant to provoke her grandma's staunch desires, Janie understands that her grandma's old perspectives of the part of ladies as despicable and feeble creatures with the failure to get by without male insurance”even with the nonattendance of affection in the relationship, speak to limits on her maximum capacity. She abhorred her grandma. " Nanny had taken the greatest thing God at any point made, the skyline" (Their Eyes Were Watching 85-86).All things considered, Janie is unafraid and takes after her to take after her impulses, including abandoning her first spouse and wedding her second one, without a separation. "Janie rushed out of the front entryway and turned south. Regardless of whether Joe was not there sitting tight for her, the change will undoubtedly benefit her" (Their Eyes Were Watching 31).
The blather and prattle that penetrates her residential community when she takes a more youthful man and leaves with him, subsequent to being left a dowager following the demise of her second spouse, does not block her way even somewhat. The bliss she finds in her association with Tea Cake is that substantially sweeter as she has settled on the choice to experience only it. Janie's snapshot of individual triumph is "Finding the two things everyone must do fuh theyselves," (Their Eyes Were Watching 183). "They got tuh go tuh God, and they got the chance to get some answers concerning livin' fuh theyselves," are the estimations Janie shares toward the finish of her voyage (Their Eyes 183).
Hurston has portrayed a female character as a developing champion, a modeler of her own predetermination, and one who has a full handle on exploring the voyage to mindfulness. Says Mary Helen Washington in the Foreword of Their Eyes Were Watching God, " for most Black ladies perusers finding Their Eyes out of the blue, what was most convincing was the figure of Janie Crawford - capable, well-spoken, independent, and fundamentally not the same as any lady character they had ever before experienced in writing. Janie Crawford is disobedient; she challenges men, however above all, she opposes our own assumptions of what the part of an African-American lady ought to be in present day writing."The definitions and parts of sex for both male and female characters were clear in the 1930s. Janie is representative of numerous ladies today in her refusal to acknowledge the previously established inclinations about her obligations and capacities. In the 21st century, the greater part of men have adapted, however some reluctantly, to acknowledge and value the equivalent capacities and contemplations of present day ladies and Hurston had the knowledge to give ladies a voice that had beforehand been quiet in writing.
References
- Hattenhauer, D. (1992). Hurstons their Eyes were Watching God. The Explicator, 50(2), 111-112. doi:10.1080/00144940.1992.9937921Hurston, Z. [Nykesha Rasool]. (2017, April 20). Their Eyes Were Watching God [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2oPfxhGvy88]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/
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Comparison of Hemingway and Browning’s Novels
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Communication Theme in Hills Like White Elephants
Ernest Hemingway`s writer of Hills Like White Elephants allows readers to to learn about the communication between two people who both have two different opinions and decisions when it comes to a situation that can change their lives. The short story is about two people, a girl name Jig and a man who doesnt have a so reader just call him man.
An literary device that plays a role in this short story is imagery throughout the stories give the readers a clear understanding of whatr's going on. In the short story it states, the hills across the valley of the ebro long and white on this side there was no shade and no trees and the station was between two lines of the rails in the sun it stopped at this junction for two minutes and went to madrid In other words Hemingway compared Jig and the man decision to two confuse people . Readers can visualize the Jig and the man sitting at the train station looking confused and frustrated about what they are going to do.
While reading the short story, you can notice that the phrase Like White Elephant occurs several times throughout the short story, which signify that it is important. One can also agree the color white symbolize innocent. Therefore, white elephants, can be uses has a reference to a woman who is expecting a baby. The symbol of the word hill can also be a clue that Jig is pregnant because hills are round and when a person is pregnant their stomach is round.
The story gets more interested when the man tries persuading Jig to have an abortion. He tells Jig that he will be there for her no matter what and he will stay with her throughout the whole process. Jig gets very annoyed and upset and become not interested in holding a conversation with the Man. In the short story it states Jig states , please please please please please please please please stop talking Jig uses repetition to tell the man to stop talking. Her tone sounded has if she was very annoyed and frustrated with the man. Hemingway uses tone to make the reader understand the way Jig is feeling with the situation that she is going through. Both the man and the girl doesnt want to listen to each other point of view or opinion about the situation.
The man lives a carefree lifestyle he wants Jig to Have an abortion, so he can be free and continue is life style. In the short story he told Jig itr's the only thing thatr's made us unhappy not only is he trying to make Jig feels bad he always trying to tell her that the baby will bring sadness to both of their lifer's. the man is showing that he is selfish and irresponsible by showing lack of support when it comes to helping jig if she was supposed to keep the baby.
Over all the story is a very good story to read. Readers have Readers have careful read the story to understand what is taking place. The story is filled with a lot of literary devices. Hills like A White Elephant also has a story that both jig and the man must choose between life or death. Jig wants to keep the baby, but the man doesnt want too.
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Crusial Themes in Hills Like White Elephants
Analysis of Hemingway's Hills Like White Elephants
In Ernest Hemingway Hills Like White Elephants, the author reveals a state of depression and oppression setting. He emphasizes on how an American girl and Spanish speaking man are using alcohol to avoid having a real conversation about an operation, later understood to be an abortion, and her decision will eventually dictate the status of their relationship. Having the male translate shows the role or power dynamics in their relationship; showing there little in common interest and the language limitations being presented which is a key theme.
The relationship is categorized by that of silence, beer pounding, and very little small talk. Following a moment of silence while awaiting their services the girl mentions how the hills resembles that of a white elephant; this emphasizes the awkward elephant in which they have going on between the two of them. Hinting at the landscape being fertile and barren suggests that there is or was a pregnancy. Avoidance of the sun glare to me seems as if the couple is hiding in the shade to avoid the truth about the ongoing truths. Attempting to face some of the problem, he conversation turns quickly into a match of bickering at one another.
Dominance is present as the man takes control over the decisions being made in this scene. Hemingway writes the saying Do you want it with water? but, before she even came to an answer on her own the guy answered for them both telling the woman that they would have water to complement their drinks (Mays 635). She asks him for advice and suggestions for the next drink as they continue to show lack of communication.
The girl continues to try and make small talk and mentions how the drink reminds her of a licorice taste, as well as everything else. The guy snaps; showing signs of annoyance. The girl indicates that she was just trying to have a fine time (Hemingway, 1927) attempting to keep some sort of normalcy and leisure between the two. The female seems to be skeptical that happiness could ever exist because he refuses to open up about the problems in which they face.
The man makes the moment intimate by referring to the girl by Jig which is a nickname. He then talks about an operation which is clear through reading that it is a euphemism for an abortion and how itr's not really a big deal even though they were illegal in their time. Later, he goes on to persuading her that she should go through with the operation but, attempts to make her feel better by saying she doesnt have to if she doesnt want to. He is well aware that the girl does not share the same feeling he does as she shows skepticism towards the conversation. The story implies that if she goes through with it then their lives can go back to what they were prior. Sinister and subtle domination is present here because he allows feelings into the conversation to be able to play on the girl emotion indicating everything will be okay.
Hemingwayr's play on description from Jigr's point of view reveals her feeling about the pregnancy (full of life unlike before). There are mentions of fertile hills, full trees, etc , as she see the possibility of what their life have the potential to be like. He ensures her that they can have those things even if she goes through with the operation. He sees it as a less important factor and that life will continue to be okay. In this particular moment, the scene shows more value and importance than the characters words themselves.
The theme has managed to remain the same involving: choice, relationship, and freedom throughout the story. However, the male attempts to sympathize with her. His attempt is to play on emotion saying how he only wants to be with her but, at the same time wanting her to abort their child so, they could remain free of responsibility. The author displays the man ability in attempting to dominate the womanr's opinion but she then questioned the stability of their relationship.
Coming to a closing, the man carries the luggage over to wait for their train: the luggage symbolizing the weight and the burden the man feels is on his shoulders with such big decision to be made. He grabbed another drink as he analyzed his nsurroundings noticing that everything seem to be normal except him. Returning to the girl, they manage to try and keep up with the normality of their lives and once again manging to smother true feelings and emotion.
It is obvious that a decision was not made and because of the disagreement between the two, their relationship remains in shambles from holding back honesty and true emotion about a life changing moment.
Work Cited:
- Hemingway, Ernest. Hills Like White Elephants. The Norton Introduction to Literature, edited by Kelly J. Mays, Shorter 12th ed., Norton, 2016, pp. 635-638.
- Kaisler, Max. "Hills Like White Elephants Hills Like White Elephants." LitCharts. LitCharts LLC, 9 May 2016. Web. 7 Nov 2018.
Annotated Biblograhy
- Hemingway, Ernest. Hills Like White Elephants. The Norton Introduction to Literature, edited by Kelly J. Mays, Shorter 12th ed., Norton, 2016, pp. 635-638.(Primary Source)
- Kaisler, Max. "Hills Like White Elephants Hills Like White Elephants." LitCharts. LitCharts LLC, 9 May 2016. Web. 7 Nov 2018.
Writing Process Summation
I chose this particular story because I feel as though a lot of youth my age suffers from these life choices every day and enough is not being done to help them. I was curious on how the woman would handle a situation that could change her life drastically in either direction she took. I made it a point to show that the man here felt the need to dictate this woman choice and how he attempted to manipulate the situation to work in his favor.
I revised my paper by rereading and trying to find more appropriate words, attempting to fix grammar mistakes, and making my analysis easy to follow.
I would like my reader to see that women are always put in a situations where they have to be the one making the hard decisions and men should not try and dictate how their lives play out to try and better theirs.
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Sadness in Hills Like White Elephants Novel
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Relationship Dynamics in Hills Like White Elephant
Hills Like White Elephant is one of Ernest Hemingway's stories that utilizes his Iceberg theory style of writing. This story is set in Spain at a train station with a man, the American and a woman, Jig discussing an operation. The couple is at a crossroads in their lives when they must decide whether Jig must have an abortion or not in order to determine the fate of their relationship. Hills Like White Elephant is set up as a dialogue between the two, in which the American is trying to convince Jig to abort the child, but she is hesitant in doing so. Throughout the story, Hemingway uses metaphors to express the characters feelings and decisions as well as highlighting the differences in the way a man and a woman view an abortion. As readers dig beneath the surface to understand what the couple is trying to decide on, the Iceberg theory method allows them to analyze what the relationship dynamics are between the American and Jig.
Thus, resulting in two general conclusions which are Jig will either have the abortion in other to keep the relationship with the American or she will keep the child and find solace. Scholars such as Howard Hannum and Susanty Susanty argue from the point of view that based on the dynamics of the relationship between Jig and the American, Jigr's decision is to keep the unborn child. However, Nilofer Hashmi argues in his article, ?Hills Like White Elephants: The Jilting of Jig, that based on the American's strong personality and conceit it would be difficult to infer that he gave into Jigr's wish to keep the child. Considering textual evidence and the use of dialogue in the story, the overwhelming feeling that Jig experiences in the relationship is portrayed throughout her sarcastic comments in reply to the American. Therefore, the dynamic of the relationship suggests that Jig will terminate the relationship and keep the unborn child in order to find solace.
At the beginning of the story as the couple waits at the train station, the story directs the focus towards the dynamic of the relationship. The following quote highlights the difference in views they both have towards the abortion:
On this side there was no shade and no trees and the station was between two lines of rails in the sun. Close against the side of the station there was the warm shadow of the building and a curtain, made of strings of bamboo beads, hung across the open door into the bar, to keep out flies. (181)
In the above quote, the station is symbolic of the unborn child, the side between the rails that has no shade and no trees represents the American's view on abortion, while the side closest to the station with the warm shadow of the building represents Jigr's view on the abortion. The setting Hemingway uses at the train station supports the point of view that the relationship between the American man and the girl is at a crossroad. The location of the station, which is symbolic to the unborn is planted in the center of a barren hill. This positioning of the station shows that the unborn is an obstacle in their relationship and that they must decide on what the outcome is going to be.
Hills Like White Elephants Meaning
However, the station isn't the final stop but more so a checkpoint between Barcelona and Madrid where the two must come up with a solution to their problem. The position of the side closest to the station is fertile and creates an imagery of the warmth of a mother's love as well as her duty to protect her child. Whereas, the side that represents the American's view is infertile and shows no means of protection (shade). This use of imagery and symbolism supports the claim that Jig is drawn closer to keeping the child and this is traced all the way to the end of the story.
The foundation of their relationship is based on sexual pleasures and alcohol which proves that the dynamics of the relationship are not guided by true love but by sexual feelings. In Hannumr's article Jig to Dirty Ears: White Elephants to Let., he argues that the American does not value the relationship both him and Jig has; as he would not force her to have the abortion. The American says, It's really an awfully simple operation, Jig. Itr's not really an operation at all. He continues by saying that's the only thing that bother us. It's the only thing that's made us unhappy. Hannum states, at any rate, "Jig" expresses all too well what the girl had meant to the American: when she revealed her pregnancy to him, she instantly became a "white elephant" (a once-prized possession that had lost its former value) in his eyes, but the term recurs and acquires symbolic complexity as the story develops (Hannum 46).
Similarly, Jig is also displeased with the American's narrow mindedness and expresses this in the following exchange as she looks at the hills in the distance. "They look like white elephants," she said. The American responds "Ive never seen one" after which he drinks more beer. Jig then responds, "no, you wouldn't have" (182). At this instance the American gets defensive, but Jig ignores him which shows her transition leading up to her decision to keep the unborn and disregard the American's views. The previous exchange is important in proving that from the very beginning of the story Jig is not moved by what he says or does and thus she will keep the child. Jig is not surprised that he has never seen a white elephant; something that is unwanted especially if it becomes expensive to care for. The American's response justifies that he never deals with things that he does not want.
Therefore, he closes his mind to anything he is not interested in. Jig recognizes this then switches the subject of the conversation when she looks at the bead curtain and ask him what the painting says (182). The pleasure aspect of the relationship is depicted when Jig mentions and questions the substance of the relationship, I wanted to try this new drink. Thatr's all we do, isnt it look at things and try new drinks? The American responds I guess so (183). The American's response proves that he has no value for the relationship because he did not provide an assurance that he truly loves her and understands how much keeping the baby would mean to her. Also, the fact that he described the abortion process as an awfully simple operation suggests that he has not looked beyond the operation itself and exaggerates it to be an easy procedure. However, if the term is viewed by its literal meaning it means that abortion is dreadful, but the procedure can be simple. In this case, he did not take into consideration the after effects the abortion would have on Jig if she follows through.
In Hills Like White Elephant the American did not base his views on the greater good for him and Jig but on his egotistic view. Susan's article, The Meaning of Relationship in Hemingway's Hills Like White Elephant, indicates that the story was written during a period of patriarchal dominance and that the men are said to be egocentric. Susan also suggests that the men had no understanding of a meaningful relationship and that relationships should not be based on one person's insensitive view but to rather compromise for the greater good for both. Similarly, in Hills Like White Elephant the American did not wholeheartedly take Jigr's view on the abortion seriously. His way of manipulating her through a form of guilt-tripping is depicted throughout the following dialogue:
- If you dont want to you dont have to. I wouldnt have you do it if you didnt want to. But I know itr's perfectly simple.
- And you really want to?
- I think itr's the best thing to do. But I dont want you to do it if you dont really want to. And if I do it youll be happy and thing will be like they were and youll love me?
- I love you now. You know I love you.
- I know. But if I do it, then it will be nice again if I say things are like white elephants, and youll like it?
The American was more worried about her keeping the child and not her concerns on the after effects she would experience if she does the abortion. The constant back and forth in the dialogue between the two is used as a tactic in guilt tripping Jig to make it seem as if she was overreacting.
It is important to reiterate that the American, in fact, was not ready to have a child. Due to the one-sided dominance, the relationship is broken between the two. Jig asked, Doesnt it mean anything to you? We could get along. The American says to her, of course it does, but I dont want anybody but you, I dont want anyone else and I know itr's perfectly simple (185). Once again, the American trying to persuade Jig on how easy the operation is and that his expectations on the outcome of the relationship was not to have a child but just to have her. She tries to shut him up by asking "would you please please please please please please stop talking"? Also, she mentions I'll scream" (185).
Relationship Between Jig and the American
Both her disgusting attitude towards the American as previously suggested and her efforts to keep him from talking at this point in the story suggest that she is ready to move beyond the checkpoint and make her own decisions. Jig's choice to keep the child is clearly depicted by the following excerpt, the girl smiled brightly at the woman, to thank her. Also, Jig smiles when the American says to her, Id better take the bags over to the other side of the station (185). The fact that the American took the bags to the other side and Jig smiled simply proves that the side they are going to is the one that she is happy with.
Coming back, he walked through the barroom, where people waiting for the train were drinking. He drank an Anis at the bar and looked at the people. They were all waiting reasonably for the train. He went out through the bead curtain. She was sitting at the table and smiled at him. (185)
Throughout the story, this is the first time Jig smiles and seem happy. She was not content when he was trying his best to persuade her into getting an abortion. Therefore, it evident that her happiness at this point in the story is the result of being left alone for a few minutes so that she could decide what she wants to do without being interrupted.
Lastly, Jig used the dialogue throughout the story as an opportunity to insert irony in the form of sarcasm, in order to find out the American's true feelings towards her. Her findings on his egotistic views and inconsideration on the abortion helps her to make her decision. The story ends with the following, I feel fine, she said. There's nothing wrong with me. I feel fine (186). Jig's quote justifies that she has made up her mind to keep the child. She also disregards the American's view of her as a ?white elephant if she follows through with keeping the child. Thus, Jig keeps the child as a form of solace for the broken relationship she experienced with the American.
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Battles of Couple in Hills Like White Elephants
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World Hunger: One of the Fundamental Issues
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Biofortification as a Solution of World Hunger
Across the globe people are facing hunger everyday, suffering from micronutrient deficiencies leading to sickness and death. The cause of this issue is usually intertwined with low economic status and the inability to obtain a balanced diet full of the necessary vitamins and minerals needed by the human body. Biofortification offers a cost effective, sustainable and attainable way for these people to rise out of starvation. Micronutrients are an essential part of the human diet. They are defined as vitamins and minerals necessary for growth and physical wellness in very small yet imperative amounts (Micronutrients.).
They allow for the production of developmental substances needed for growth such as hormones. Important systems such as the cardiovascular, circulatory and immune system depend on the intake of micronutrients to remain functioning and healthy (Merz, Beverly). Some micronutrients are manufactured by your body, however there are almost thirty different vitamins and minerals considered to be essential nutrients that your body can not produce (Merz, Beverly). These are known as essential micronutrients because they must be included in a personr's diet. Failure to consume a well balanced diet containing all of these micronutrients results in what is known as micronutrient deficiency. Micronutrient deficiency, or hidden hunger as it is commonly referred to, can lead to tremendous health issues and even death. Countless amounts of ailments can be attributed to the lack of a single micronutrient (Merz, Beverly).
One of the earliest micronutrient deficiencies observed was in British sailors who went months for a time without fruits or vegetables. Their lack of vitamin C, an essential micronutrient, lead to what was called scurvy (Merz, Beverly). Micronutrient deficiencies are existent in high income countries, but are most prevalent in poverty ridden countries (Biesalski, Hans). Because the required amount of micronutrients is so minuscule, it is hard to detect early signs of inadequacy. This makes hidden hunger dangerous because it can not be treated until diseases are already in development (Biesalski, Hans). Iron, vitamin D, iodine and folate deficiency are just a few of the worldwide issues (Biesalski, Hans). Failure to consume all the essential micronutrients can lead to problems with growth, problems with mental development, and high risk of infection.
Just as humans need these essential vitamins and minerals to stay healthy, plants will thrive when presented with adequate nutrient sources as well. Biofortification works to improve the nutritional integrity of plants during the growing process instead of individually injecting nutrients into food products (Singh, Ummed). This is done through both plants breeding and genetic modification. Plants are altered so that they can produce more nutrients for themselves, making them richer in micronutrients (Singh, Ummed). Because these crops are altered during growth, the seeds they produce are able to pass down the fortification from generation to generation. This means that only a one time cost is necessary for a lifetime of nutrient rich crops. This process highly enhances food quality, packing food with nutrients from the start.
Biofortification is thought to be the best solution to world hunger for many reasons. Since it only requires a one time investment, it is highly cost effective. The seeds produced from the altered plants carry the influenced genetic information, meaning no additional efforts are needed to keep the crops rich in nutrients. The nutritional quality of staple crops that are most widely consumed by poverty ridden areas such as wheat and corn can be increased to give the consumer a balanced diet from food they already rely on.
Work Cited
- Micronutrients. World Health Organization, World Health Organization, 28 Jan. 2015, www.who.int/nutrition/topics/micronutrients/en/.
- Merz, Beverly. Micronutrients Have Major Impact on Health. Harvard Health Blog, Harvard Health Publishing, 2018, www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/micronutrients-have-major-impact-on-health.
- Biesalski, Hans. Micronutrients in the Life Cycle: Requirements and Sufficient Supply. NeuroImage, Academic Press, 27 Mar. 2018, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352364617300846?via%3Dihub.
- Singh, Ummed. Biofortification of Food Crops. PDS SSO, New Delhi : Springer India, 2016, fcaw.library.umass.edu/F/EY146MX11DFD8CMSEFUFPN3CR9785XFQR9KMC14HK89XGD1HBT-02468?func=direct&doc_library=FCL01&doc_number=015131864&pds_handle=GUEST.
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Things that Can Help End World Hunger
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Life Path of Frederick Douglass
The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: The Final Step in Becoming a Free Man
For to be free is not merely to cast off oner's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others (Nelson Mandela).
Born in 1818, Frederick Douglass was a biracial slave in the 19th century. His life and the details of it are seen to many as a representation of what it meant to be a slave in America. To many his narrative was influential and inspiring as it was not a commonality for slaves to become free in the way that Douglass did, most were born and died a slave. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass serves as a reminder of Americar's dark past, even though it was written with the intent to convince Northerners to act against slavery. Throughout his narrative, Douglass is telling the story of his life while simultaneously criticizing slavery in America through anecdotes and personal insight. Douglass use of sincere language regarding themes such as family, education, and religion exerted his desired effects of convincing northern whites to act against slavery by offering criticism to the hypocrisy and inhumanity of white slaveholders; in doing so, Douglass gives an honest testament to his readers as to what life was like for an enslaved person. After reading the narrative, it can be believed that regarding American political developments the ideas about America and what was truly happening were two very separate realities.
Ideas about family are also explored often throughout Douglass narrative as a way of criticizing the harsh realities of slave ownership in America. Towards the beginning of the narrative, we learn that Douglass father is unknown to him and there is the possibility that his father could be his white master, or another white man who took advantage on an enslaved black woman. Not only does Douglass never know who his father is but he also saw his mother only a few times in his life and wasnt allowed to attend her funeral after her passing. The simplicity behind Douglass relationship with his parents can be used to represent the basic human rights that were taken away from those who were slaves. In never getting to truly develop a relationship with his mother Douglass Never enjoyed, to any considerable extent, her soothing presence, her tender and watchful care, [he] received the tidings of her death with the much the same emotions I should have probably felt at the death of a stranger (1.4). The first relationships humans build in their lives are with their parents, by taking this right away from slaves, who were typically raised by women too old to work in the field, slaveholders also took away a sense of home and comfort. Slavery prevented Douglass and most other slaves from getting the chance to ever fully develop a relationship with their families.
Throughout their lives, slaves were deprived of family relationships and given a false idea of what family meant. Masters wanted their slaves to believe they were treated like family, even though family could never inflict the pain and suffering upon each other than white men inflicted onto African American slaves. Upon leaving to go to a new home and master, Douglass found no severe trial in [his] departure. [His] home was charmless; it was not home to [him [His] mother was dead, [his] grandmother lived far off, so that [he] seldom saw her. [He] had two sisters and one brother, that lived in the same house with [him]; but the early separation of [them] from [their] mother had well-nigh blotted the fact of [their] relationship from [their] memories (5.6). His use of language in this quote is sincere in a way that readers can tell he wrote with truth. Douglass not only admitted the faults of his masters in his narratives but would also admit his own faults to allow for a fair argument in his writing. This reveals to us that enslaved people were deprived of lifer's great gift of the unconditional love amongst family members. Its possible this family deprivation may explain why Douglass still felt a sense of loneliness even after he became a free man, he still had a large part of his life missing that he could never make up for.
Education was another theme in the lives of slaves and in the life of Frederick Douglass that played a great role in his narrative and thus also played a role in convincing northerners to act against slavery. Douglass discussed the importance of education and the role it played in his escape to freedom all throughout his text. At this stage in America, it was economically beneficial to own slaves and if you did not own them, to hire them from people who did for months or years at a time. Masters attempted to hold power over their slaves by keeping them ignorant- not allowing them to think for themselves or even to access the educational tools to help them better develop their own thoughts and opinions about all topics, including slavery.
As far as a master was concerned, the less slaves knew (aside from in the aspect of how to do labor), the better. This is likely because as (FIND NAME) once said after his wife began teaching Douglass to read, "Learning would spoil the best nigger in the world. Now," said he, ?if you teach that nigger (speaking of Douglass) how to read, there would be no keeping him. It would forever unfit him to be a slave. He would at once become unmanageable, and of no value to his master. As to himself, it could do him no good, but a great deal of harm. It would make him discontented and unhappy. It was with these words, spoken with the intent to hinder Douglass he learned his path to freedom would not come through obedience to the white man, the first step was to learn to read and write.
Thus, unlocking a whole new world of intellect and understanding of America, slavery, and freedom. In chapter 6, Douglass states Whilst I was saddened by the thought of losing the aid of my kind mistress, I was gladdened by the invaluable instruction which, by the merest accident, I had gained from my master (6.3). To not allow a person to think for themselves is inhumane, and this is something slaves were deprived of for years. When Douglass created the Sabbath school he made it known that just for the offense of attempting to read and write, slaves were subject to getting whipped upwards of thirty times. Slave owners feared the loss of the salves for without them their wealth could not be possible. This is when we begin to see the idea of hypocrisy in the form of needing slaves but not providing them with the sort of life that would encourage them to stay.
The final theme of importance that Douglass touches on which plays a role in criticizing hypocrisy and giving an honest account of slavery is religion. Just like today, religion has always been a large part of American life. Most slaveholders Douglass had identified as Methodists. However, to Douglass, their ideas of religion were backward. He did not believe religion was about attending church and praying louder than the man next to you, he believed religion was about self-improvement and humanity towards others, including American Americans. An important quote to analyze is the following
You are loosed from your moorings, and are free; I am fast in my chains, and am a slave! You move merrily before the gentle gale, and I sadly before the bloody whip! You are freedom's swift-winged angels, that fly around the world; I am confined in bands of iron! O that I were free! O, that I were on one of your gallant decks, and under your protecting wing! Alas! betwixt me and you, the turbid waters roll. Go on, go on. O that I could also go! Could I but swim! If I could fly! O, why was I born a man, of whom to make a brute! The glad ship is gone; she hides in the dim distance. I am left in the hottest hell of unending slavery. O God, save me! God, deliver me! Let me be free! Is there any God? Why am I a slave? I will run away. I will not stand it. Get caught, or get clear, I'll try it. I had as well die with ague as the fever. I have only one life to lose. I had as well be killed running as die standing (10.8).
Here, Douglass is going through an internal crisis in which he questions how God could let men treat other men the way he and his fellow slaves were treated. However, this quote also contradicts the belief of many that Douglass had criticisms of religion. His criticisms were not of religion itself but of the ways slaveholders could use religion to justify their immoral and heinous actions. Douglass calls upon God in the above quote to help him to his freedom, never denying that there is a God but putting his faith in the fact that a just God would lead him to a life worth living. Another important point to note is that Douglass saw the religion of the south [as] a mere covering for the most horrid crimes,-a justifier of the most appalling barbarity,-a sanctifier of the most hateful frauds,--and a dark shelter under, which the darkest, foulest, grossest, and most infernal deeds of slaveholders find the strongest protection (10.19). In his appendix, Douglass finds it necessary to defend himself in that his discussion of religion was not to criticize religion itself but criticize the hypocrisy of white slave owners to use something as peaceful as religion to justify horrid and crude actions.
Throughout his narrative, Douglass not only recounts his life as a slave but also does so in a way through his language that makes the reader feel while also letting the reader know his stories are true and unfortunately, far from exaggerated. The tales of watching family members and friends, as well as himself, experiencing the pain of a cowhide to the back brings his mid-nineteenth century readership to stop and think about how inhumane these actions were. He makes it a point to not exaggerate his tales or make them only the fault of his slaveholder when necessary he too admits to his own faults yet none of them are ever enough to justify the treatment from his masters. This text fully exposes the disheartening truths of what it meant to be a slave. In the eyes of slaveowners, slaves were not human, even in the eyes of the government, an African American was only considered to be three fifths a person.
There is irony in the fact that slaves did not ask to be Americans, they were stolen from their homeland and brought to this country unwillingly; from the origins of slavery, it was flawed. Whites wanted slaves in their country but didnt want them taking away any of what they believed to be rightfully theirs. Furthermore, one of the biggest takeaways from the narrative is that the whole basis of American slavery was hypocritical when compared to the values upon which this country was founded. Douglass compares the fight for freedom amongst slaves to the fight for freedom the founding fathers made to gain American independence, he believed In coming to a fixed determination to run away, we did more than Patrick Henry, when he resolved upon liberty or death (). With this, his mid-nineteenth century readership is left with the question of: Are slaves truly just as American as the rest of us?
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Life Path Of Frederick Douglass. (2019, May 29).
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