Using Digital Photography

Advantages of Using Digital Photography Although this is the age of digital photography , one can still purchase cameras that use film. The key question is to ask why it is advantageous to use digital photography. What are the advantages of digital photography over the ordinary film camera? You will still many people that prefer using film not because they don’t know any better but because they just haven’t taken the time to weigh the advantages or are unfamiliar with modern technology much as the person who is afraid of computers. Anything new and different is scary for some people but to make things easier for those people it is important to look at the advantages of one over the other. Before the era of digital photography many people lost beautiful pictures because they failed to take the film to be developed or lost the film until it was too old to guarantee quality processing. Keep in mind that film is only good for a limited period of time so if you misplace the used film or don’t take it for processing within a specific time, you will lose some of the quality of the photographs. With digital photography there is never a concern about the film expiring because there is no film. There is no need to worry about processing the photographs in a certain period because you can take the memory card at any time to get printed pictures or you can download the memory card to your computer and print your own photographs at any time you so desire. Another advantage of digital photography is being able to see the photograph before you print it. Many times with film cameras the lighting was not right or we failed to focus correctly and the picture was blurry or otherwise distorted. With digital photography you can see the picture right then and if it is not perfect, you can delete that pose and begin again. This avoids the disappointment of losing a perfectly good pose because of focusing or exposure errors. You also do not have to take additional shots just to make sure one of them comes out the way you are hoping. Digital photography has made picture taking for both amateurs and professionals easier. Even professional photographs can be delivered quicker because of digital photography and allow the customer to view and choose the pictures almost immediately instead of having to wait days for proofs and then another week or two for the pictures themselves. Kodak name The logo from 1987 to 2006. [5] The letter "K" had been a favorite of Eastman's, he is quoted as saying, "it seems a strong, incisive sort of letter". He and his mother devised the name Kodak with an anagram set. He said that there were three principal concepts he used in creating the name: it should be short, one cannot mispronounce it, and it could not resemble anything or be associated with anything but Kodak. It has also been suggested that "Kodak" originated from the suggestion of David Houston, a fellow photographic inventor who held the patents to several roll film camera concepts that he later sold to Eastman. Houston, who started receiving patents in 1881, was said to have chosen "Nodak" as a nickname of his home state, North Dakota (NoDak). 6] This is contested by other historians, however, who cite that Kodak was trademarked prior to Eastman buying Houston's patents. [7] Environmental record Kodak has been widely criticized by environmentalists and researchers as one of the worst corporate polluters in the United States. According to scorecard. org, a web site that collects information on corporate pollution, Kodak is New York State’s number one polluter, releasing 4,433,749 pounds of chemicals into the air and water supply. 28] The Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts, author of the Toxic 100, ranked Kodak the fifth largest polluter in the United States in 2002. [29] In 2004, the Citizens' Environmental Coalition's (CEC) of New York awarded Kodak one of its "Dirty Dozen" awards to highlight its consistently high rates of pollution. [30] However, in 2005, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) selected Kodak to receive the EnergyStar Sustained Excellence Award for "outstanding and continued leadership in reducing greenhouse gas emissions through superior energy management. [citation needed] As an example of the company's environmental stewardship efforts, Kodak has hosted a pair of Peregrine falcons since 1998. An endangered species in New York State, Peregrines were de-listed from the federal Endangered Species list in 1999, but are still considered threatened. The female falcon, Mariah, and her mates Cabot-Sirocco (1998–2001) and Kaver (2002-present) have raised 35 young from a man-made nest box placed at the top of the company's world headquarters building in Rochester, New York. From 1998–2006 the Kodak Birdcam website transmitted images from the nest box. In 2007 Kodak ceded primary responsibility for hosting the website to the Genesee Valley Audubon Society under the new name Rochester Falconcam. [31] Kodak details its annual progress in Global Sustainability, as well as Health, Safety, and Environment, in a Global Sustainability report. [ HOW TO APPLY A MAKE-UP Step 1: Foundation After cleansing, toning and moisturizing your face, apply a small amount of foundation to the tip of your index finger. Dot on your forehead, nose, cheeks and chin; then blend in an upward and outward motion without leaving a line. Be sure to apply foundation over your eyelids and blend carefully. Glance in the mirror to ensure there's no line. You can use a concealer to cover imperfections such as blemishes and dark spots. Step 2: Translucent Powder Using a powder brush apply translucent powder in a downward motion for a smooth finish. Translucent Powder helps eye makeup and blush to go on smoother and blend better. It also keeps your face looking fresh and your makeup will last longer. Step 3: Eye Makeup Starting at your lash line, apply your base color first. Then apply your crease color in the crease area. Apply your highlight color in the highlight color area, below the brow bone. Step 4: Blush Your blush should be applied to the apples of your cheeks to radiate when you smile. It should go no closer to your nose, but directly beneath the iris of your eye. Step 5: Lipstick Then apply your lipstick. Start from the center working outwards. Things You'll Need: * Foundation * Mascara * Eye Shadow Brushes * Blush Brush * Face Powder * Blush * Waterproof Mascaras * Lipstick * Lip Gloss * Eye Shadow
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IBM’s Success

1)What factors led to IBM’s success during the 1960’s and 1970s and its problems during the late 1980 and earry1990s? Factors led to IBM’s success during the 1960’s and 1970s: -First mover in IT industry -> advantages (less competition, more customers) -Right investment to S/360 -Success of PC -Great reputation -> attract top talent Factors led to its problems during the late 1980 and earry1990s: -Did not keep in touch with customers -Didn’t understand market need (fewer purchase IBM mainframes) -Marketing effort missed the mark Turf battles between autonomous divisions -Spending too much on fixed cost (building, data processing cost, .. ) -Management IT problems such as poor internal IT problems -Products complexity and the organization to develop them -Executives were isolated to growing problems (deep level of hierarchy) 2)What did Gerstner do when he assumed the role of CEO in April 1993? Evaluate Gerstner’s approach in crisis management. How well did he perform as a turnaround manager? What challenges did he face as he attempted to position the company for growth? What Gerstner did: Focus on customers and get executives involved in their own customers -Keep key employees -Hired Jerry York charged with get the cost in control and Rick Thoman took charge of cutting inefficient brand and keep important brand - ThinkPad -Cut unnecessary cost Few months since Gerstner took charge, IBM posted small profit (382 million). By the end of 1994, profit had risen to 5 billion on revenues of 64 billion. In comparison with the loss of 4 billion in 1992, what Gertsner did was amazing. He coped with IBM problems by solving the most severe to the less one. At that time, problems of products and customers was the most serious which cost IBM billion dollars in loss. Challenges that Gertsner faced as he attempt to position company for growth: -IBM was a large corporation based on different countries with different culture. -High cost (each brand had its own procurement, logistics, and fulfillment services) -It took IBM longer time to get products to market than its competitors -IBM applied approach which were designed to large established business to start-up business - )Why did large established company, like IBM, find it so difficult to build successful and sustainable new businesses? -Problem of IBM in Exhibit 8 4)Evaluate IBM’s approach to leading mature, high growth, and emerging business opportunities. What are the organization design and leadership models required to manage each type of business? How should a company like IBM manage the innovation process? Evaluate: -This approach was necessary for the IBM at that time it faced problems in managing and operating different projects. IBM could not only focus on current problems but also nurture innovation of products for the future. Organization and leadership for each type (Exhibition 9) 5)What challenges did Palmisano face as he assumed the control of IBM in March 2002? Can a company like IBM be organized for both innovation and efficient operation? What advice would you give Palmisano at the end of the case? Challenge: -Find out strategic direction for IBM when business opportunities were staggering in their scope and scale. Suggestions: -Deliver new value-added services -Verify products and services, combined service and technology -Acquire potential business like PwC Consulting
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Ideal Teacher i once had

Ideal teacher The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning. In my life I have had several teachers of all different types. I’ve been lucky enough to have people to teach me about life, and general living strategy, as well as traditional academic teachers that we generally associate with the word teacher. I believe I have a good understanding of what I believe to the ideal teacher. The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning. The ideal teacher can be creative in several different ways. Creativity can be expressed in thought, actions, and emotion. Creativity in thought would be a teacher that can look at situations in several ways and plan a response in a way that would not normally be viewed. This helps students to open their minds and be creative to problem solving, and therefore inspires creative thinking Ideal teacher The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning. In my life I have had several teachers of all different types. I’ve been lucky enough to have people to teach me about life, and general living strategy, as well as traditional academic teachers that we generally associate with the word teacher. I believe I have a good understanding of what I believe to the ideal teacher. The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning. The ideal teacher can be creative in several different ways. Creativity can be expressed in thought, actions, and emotion. Creativity in thought would be a teacher that can look at situations in several ways and plan a response in a way that would not normally be viewed. This helps students to open their minds and be creative to problem solving, and therefore inspires creative thinking The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning. In my life I have had several teachers of all different types. I’ve been lucky enough to have people to teach me about life, and general living strategy, as well as traditional academic teachers that we generally associate with the word teacher. I believe I have a good understanding of what I believe to the ideal teacher. The ideal teacher is creative, insightful, informative, and encourages students to solve their problems through deductive reasoning.
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Cafe Coffee Day

INTRODUCTION Cafe Coffee Day is a chain of coffee shops in India having it’s head quarters in Chikkamagaluru, Karnataka. A division of Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Ltd. (ABCTCL), it is commonly known as Coffee Day or CCD. It opened its first cafe in 1996 on Brigade Road in Bangalore, and today has the largest cafe retail chain in India – with 650 cafes in 110 cities. Headquartered in Bangalore, a majority of its cafes are also located in Bangalore. The cafe chain has had much success riding, and to some extent creating, the cafe culture wave that swept across metropolitan India following strong economic growth resulting in an increase in youth spending power. It has even tied up with WorldSpace and Microsense to enable its cafes with satellite radio and Wi-Fi, respectively. Its first Wi-Fi cafe was opened on Lavelle Road, Bangalore. CAFE COFFEE DAY VALUES- PRISM [pic] PRIDE – I take pride in my work and in my organization. RESPECT – I respect my customers, my subordinates, my peers and my superiors. INTEGRITY – I will show the highest level of integrity towards my work and my company under all circumstances. SELF – DISCIPLINE – I will imbibe and practice self-discipline in all my daily activities. MOTIVATION – I will always be motivated to give the best for my organization, my team and my customers. COMPANY HISTORY Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Limited (ABCTCL) is an entrepreneurial venture of Chairman, Mr. V. G. Siddhartha.

His passion for coffee coupled with the opportunity provided by the deregulation of The Coffee- Board in 1993 created the perfect timing for the launch of this company. Their visionary Chairman could foresee the demand for Indian coffee abroad and ABCTCL began exporting coffee to coffee connoisseurs across USA, Europe & Japan. The “Coffee Day” as brand was born in the year 1994. In the year 2000, Coffee Day exported more than 27, 000 tones of coffee valued at US$ 60 m and for the second time in a short span of 7 years retained its position as the largest coffee exporter of India. In this short journey of 12 years, the company has grown into six divisions and has overtaken one milestone after another without looking back. Mr. V. G. Siddhartha has a vision to further expand ABCTCL in the domestic and overseas market. COMPANY BACKGROUND Coffee Day sources coffee from 5000 acres of coffee estates, the 2nd largest in Asia, that is owned by a sister concern and from 11,000 small growers. It is one of India’s leading coffee exporters with clients across USA, Europe & Japan. With its roots in the golden soil of Chickmaglur, the home of some of the best Indian Coffees and with the vision of a true entrepreneur nurturing it, Coffee Day has its business spanning the entire value chain of coffee consumption in India. Its different divisions include: Coffee Day Fresh n Ground (which owns 350 Coffee bean and powder retail outlets), Coffee Day Xpress (which owns 251 Coffee Day Kiosk), Coffee Day Take away (which owns 7000 Vending Machines), Coffee Day Exports and Coffee Day Perfect (FMCG Packaged Coffee) division. Cafe Coffee Day (CCD) pioneered the cafe concept in India in 1996 by opening its first cafe at Brigade Road in Bangalore. Till about the late 1990’s coffee drinking in India was restricted to the intellectual, the South Indian traditionalist and the five star coffee shop visitor. As the pure (as opposed to instant coffee) coffee cafe culture in neighboring international markets grew, the need for a relaxed and fun “hangout” for the emerging urban youth in the country was clearly seen.

Recognizing the potential that lay ahead on the horizon, Cafe Coffee Day embarked on a dynamic journey to become a large organized retail cafe chain with a distinct brand identity of its own. From a handful of cafes in six cites in the first 5 years, CCD has become India’s largest and premier retail chain of cafes with 251 cafes in 58 cities around the country. Cafe Coffee Day introduced the cafe culture in India with its first cafe at Brigade Road in Bangalore in 1996. There has been no looking back for their company from then till now, in fact they have grown from strength to strength.

Cafe Coffee day is the regular meeting place for 18 to 35 year olds, both male and female, who are waited on by friendly and informed staff, and are offered the best made, hot or cold , in an invigorating ambience. They provide invigorating ambience and excellent customer service clubbed with excellent coffee to their customers. Each cafe depending upon its size attracts between 400 to 800 customers daily. The following are ABCTCL 6 divisions: Exports – India’s largest coffee exporters. Currently export over 30000 tonnes of green coffee per annum, i. e 15% of India’s coffee exports.

They have also ventured into specialty coffee exports. Coffee Day Fresh and Ground- Maior player in the roast & ground filter coffee segment. It provides a unique assortment of blends at affordable prices. The coffee is freshly ground in front of the customer and sold to him. Cafe Coffee Day – It is a place where customers come and rejuvenate themselves. It is a meeting place for the young and the young at heart. In the cafe Hot and Cold coffee as well as merchandise are sold to the customers. Coffee Day Vending – To serve the man on the move who though hurry does not have to compromise on quality of coffe he drinks.

Coffee Day has its vending machine placed in vendor outlets in major cities. Coffee Day Express – Bridges the need gap between the leisurely cuppa and the bite at the cafe and a quick drink at the vending point. In this segment you would notice kiosks strategically positioned where a customer can not only drink coffee but also grab a quick bite on the move. Coffee Day ‘Perfect’- For mass-in-home consumption section where filter coffee is consumed everyday. The filter coffee is sold in packaged form to the customers. MISSION STATEMENT CAFE FORMATS Cafe Coffee Day has been experimenting with cafe formats for quite sometime. Backed by the motivation of providing customers with exciting choices as well as constantly redefining ‘the cafe experience’, CCD has ventured into the following formats: Music Cafes provide customers with the choice of playing their favourite music tracks on the Digital Audio Jukeboxes installed at the cafe! There are around 85 cafes with such jukeboxes. 32 cafes also provide customers with the visual treat of watching their favorite music videos by means of Video Jukeboxes.

Book Cafes offer the perfect solution to people who think that the coffee experience is incomplete without browsing through the bestsellers or reading a classic. CCD’s book corners accentuate the age-old combination of ‘coffee and books’. This exciting concept has been successfully tested at 15 cafes in 12 cities across India and the numbers are set to grow exponentially. CCD has tied up with English Book Depot, one of India’s leading book distributors for placement and rotation of reading materials appealing to Cafe Coffee Day’s discerning customers. Highway cafes presents the traveler en route not only with good coffee and scrumptious snacks amidst great ambience but also with clean restrooms to get rid of that weariness from the road! Lounge cafes at Hauz Khas, Delhi and Southern Avenue, Kolkata(Southern Avenue) and Hyderabad (Jubilee Hills) combines the style and luxury of a lounge with the lively ambience and comfort of a cafe. With exquisite interiors, exotic menu and thematic music, CCD Lounge offers a whole new experience to the connoisseur while assisting the latter through its team of hostesses who are poise and style incarnate and are looked upon as fashion icons. Garden cafes combine the joy of rejuvenating amidst verdant landscapes and pots of coffee. Cyber cafes combine the urge to surf, & not to mention get connected through the internet while enjoying perfectly brewed cups of coffees, both domestic as well as International blends! These are of course just milestones. CCD is about to launch Sports Cafe, Fashion Cafe & Singles Cafe…….. LOGO For a brand to stand out and be successful there has to be a personal commitment from staff at all levels. The target customers must identify with it. It should be vibrant and have a “life” of its own.

Liveliness, growth, fun and passion depicts our brand, our customers, our staff and our future – this is embodied in our design and colour. Our LOGO colours embody: Red Square= Leadership, passion White Swirl = Purity of purpose, invigorating properties of coffee Green Stroke = 125 years of coffee growing heritage of this vertically integrated Group BUSINESS ASSOCIATION CCD has emerged as an interactive alternative media for brands to communicate with the ‘young at heart’. Other media, such as electronic, print and outdoor, offer brand communication through visual and audio modes to a large section of the populace, both relevant and irrelevant.

Cafe Coffee Day offers a much more interactive, targeted communication, sometimes adding even a taste dimension to a brand idea! Various in-cafe collaterals used to impart visibility to a brand inside a cafe or to add the element of interactivity to a campaign are Posters, Tent Cards, Danglers, Leaflets, Brochures, Coasters, Drop boxes, Contest Forms, Stirrers, Standees etc. Over the years, CCD has successfully promoted a number of brands/products/events through various innovative tactics and promo ideas. Cashing in on its mass captive audience AWARDS AND ACCOLADES

• Cafe Coffee Day was named Food Services Retailer of the Year and Exclusive Brand Retailer of the Year at the 1st ICICI Bank Retail Excellence Awards function in 2005.

• Cafe Coffee Day was rated the No. food services brand in Business World and Brand Equity surveys in 2004.

• Cafe Coffee Day was ranked as the 3rd best” Retail F 6t B” chain in India in the Brand Equity survey in 2004.

• Mr. V. G. Siddhartha, Chairman (Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Limited) received the ” Economic Times – Entrepreneur of the year 2003 “award.

• Cafe Coffee Day has had a hat trick victory in the India Barista Championship. For 3 years in a row, 2002, 2003, 2004 CCD has won all the top awards and its representative has gone on to represent India at World Barista Championships, winning silver medal in 2002 and 5th place in 2004 for the country. DEPARTMENTS AT CAFE COFFEE DAY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT: The team decides upon a suitable site where the cafes can be set up. They identify, shortlist, and finalize a site by negotiating with property owners. A significant effort is involved in getting legal clearences and statutory compliances.

After all formalities are completed, the site is handed over to the projects team. PROJECTS: The team comprises of some of the best designers who ensure that the coffee culture is spread across the country through beautiful outlets. All new cafes are built with a standardized design and the look of the cafe is in sync with the brand positioning. They aim to build cafes in the shortest possible time, at the least possible costs to capital outlay. A recent innovation is the Lounge cafes which are set up in Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Kolkata. OPERATIONS: This team achieves their sales objectives and is responsible for the daily running of their cafes in a profitable manner. Customer interaction is very important for this team, as they are the ones who interface with the customer and provide them with a satisfactory service and product experience. Cafe managers train all their employees who are involved in day-to-day operations. The cafe staff is their brand ambassador. The brand image of cafe coffee day is and will be reflected through them by the way they dress, behave and carry themselves , both within the organization and outside.

They are the face of the company since they will be the first point of interaction with the customer. FOOD AND BEVERAGES {F & B}: CCD are a lot more than coffee. Apart from serving the best coffee in the country they also serve a wide assortment of savories and desserts. The various coffee concoctions that they serve are the creations of their F team. They also ensure the highest level of hygiene and food quality. They impart training to the team on the preparation of the best quality of coffees and food at their cafes.

The F team sources and manages vendors who supply food to the cafes. MARKETING: The marketing team is responsible for the brand positioning and all brand building activities that result in increased sales and greater visibility. They are also responsible for the various sales promotion activities and tie-ups. This team designs and manages the merchandise category, which is displayed and sold at their cafes. They constantly track loyalty programs and promotions at the cafes to help minimize sales. The cafe citizen program is a unique customer loyalty tool which helps us to create new customer and retain existing ones by rewarding them with handsome points which can be earned and redeemed at the cafes. HUMAN RESOURCES AND TRAINING: The HR team deals with all matters pertaining to people within their team. They are responsible for recruitment and selection at all levels from team members to the management staff.

They are responsible for employee salaries, career development and councelling. Constant efforts are made for employee upgradation in terms of improving skills and job satisfaction to meet the aspirations of all employees. ACCOUNTS: They look after the day to day accounting and financial activities and also provide them with the financial reports, which will help them, find out the profitability of the outlet.

They help them reduce the costs and ensure compliance and fiscal discipline at the cafes. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM: Their function is mainly to update the point of sale software and the cafe website and provide MIS reports to aid management. They also look into any other system malfunctioning, repairs, and replacements at cafes and offices. The cafe staff is trained on the billing software by this team. Their new initiative is the phased roll – out of the Wi Fi point of sales billing system. SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: This is the team which ensures that all stock keeping units of items used in the cafe are received at stores from vendors and distributed to the cafes on time. They receive store orders and maintain the inventory of stock keping units so that cafes do not run out of critical supplies at any point.

Business development team: Cafe Coffee Day have a department-the business development team- who are in touch with a lot of property owners who are interested in franchising and licensing CCD. They normally take up places on long lease. Company finance CCD is a privately held company. The group turnover is expected to touch about Rs three billion now. It was Rs two and half billion last year. Advertisement department The advertisement department tied up with various companies to promote CCD. They also tied up with a channel called Zee English with a ground programme for a popular show called Friends. All the six lead characters were shown often visiting a coffee shop and a lot of youth like watching the programme. That is why they had a contest running where you could win Friends’ merchandise.

The linkage was that it was that it is a youth based programme nd it had a coffee house. They were also involved in a lot of ticket sales in quite a few events, Enrique being one of them. they were involved in WWE, Elton John ticket sales. These acts are very much appreciated by the consumers. The ticket sales is the organisers’ benefit.

They need to tell people where the tickets are available and single Cafe Coffee Day logo says it all. CCD always ask for a certain amount of tickets around which they have a contest. Couples can win ticket for free. This in turn raises the awareness level as cafe staff approaches the consumers to inform them about the contest. There is not a better publicity mechanism then the guy who is serving you telling you about the same. Besides that they also tie up lot of the youth brands. their promise to the customer is that a lot can happen over a coffee. So every time they try to ensure something good happens to the customer. So they have a contest going on with Levis, another one with Scooty, and latest contest with Liril. CCD still doesn’t believe in mass media promotions. But they want to be involved in all the areas of serious consumer passion.

They are doing it with music. About 80 per cent of their cafes have a juke box and a few of their cafes are now book cafes. Next big consumer passion is Bollywood, so they have decided to be associated with movies. they had a Hindi movie Bas Yun Hi and a couple of Telugu and Tamil films with prominent Cafe Coffee Day brand placement.

Later they took a conscious decision of being seen in certain movies like Khakee and Main Hoon Na and Bluffmaster being the recent hit. Another placement area that happened accidentally was with HDFC. They wanted to promote their debit card and they choose us. So all the 21 cafes had debit card machines, just during that month. The ad was shot in a Cafe Coffee Day premises. A lot of serials are shot in Cafe Coffee Day. Recently, Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii was shot but they have no prominent tie ups. What they are offering is just a location to shoot in. They do charge a very small amount, which is the direct revenue loss for that period.

They have done ads but all through barter deals. If they get a good deal from any other media, they will definitely go in for a marketing deal. But as an advertisement option or as a marketing spend, they are not looking at mass media. Quality checks Quality checks take place all the time and in several aspects. The operational in-charge will go around checking business, record keeping, service and check the feedback forms. The food in-charge will look at the way food is being stored, coffee is being made, what is the time take to extract the coffee and so on. Marketing person will go about checking displays, how the merchandise are displayed. CAFE COFFEE DAY IN COMPETITION If you are talking about Cafe Coffee Day as meeting place then the park bench is their competitor, if you are talking about in terms of food and chain then McDonalds is a competitor and so are other coffee chains like Barista And Mocha. In fact they are aiding each other in creating and growing the coffee culture. They are not trying to be some one else. They are not trying to be an upper class coffee shop where you can walk in only if you have certain amount of money in your pocket.

These are the upper end coffee shops that have hookahs and the works. They are about an every day hang out. They are about being the third most frequented place after home and workplace or college. So they are like the coffee chains overseas but with about affordable fun. they have a distinct identity; they are about coffee and about hanging out and about nice time spend. HYGIENE & FOOD HANDLING

• Employees use tongs or wear gloves to handle food items. They cannot USE BARE HANDS.

• Cutting Boards and knives to be washed and wiped dry every hour.

• They always have to use clean and dry plates and bowls, cutlery while serving food.

• Clean the refrigerators before opening, and while closing.

• Cannot use chipped plates, cups.

• Cant open the mineral water bottle, tomato sauce sachets, before and also at the time of service

• The racks (where crockery are kept) should always be clean.

• Pantry area should be clean and dry all the time. Food Usage:

• Use first in rust out method.

• Order on a day-to-day basis.

• No food should be kept beyond the shelf life.

The display has to be clean all the time.

• Only the fresh food received has to be used for display.

• Stack foods neatly on display plates.

• All the food, which is supposed to be microwave, has to have a paper underneath and then transferred to a new plate.

• All items stored at room temperature to be covered at all times either by a toed cover or wrapped in cling film.

• All the cakes will be cut when they are received in the morning by the cafes.

• A clean knife dipped in hot water and then wiped to be used to cut the cake. Rinse the knife after each cut with hot water. The appropriate cutlery and accompaniments have to be provided along with the food.

• The food should not be heated along with the cling wrap.

• The food has to be taken care of while packing up the food for parcel order.

• Thumb rule to be followed while storing food in the coolers. (Display as well as back up ones) (All the pastries on the top shelf the vegetarian Savories on the center and the non-vegetarian Savories on the bottom shelf. )

• Reject food items which appear damaged while receiving food.

• Date/Color code stickers should be placed on all food. COMPENSATION & BENEFITS PAY PERIOD: Cafe coffee day’s employees are paid on a monthly basis. One shall receive one’s pay by the seventh working day of the subsequent month. One can access salary slip by logging onto cafecoffeeday. com/attendence, when the window opens click on the “GO” button.

One will have to enter the user name and password. One’s employee code is the user name and password by default.

Once login they can change the password by using the change password option. MEDICAL INSURANCE POLICY: Cafe coffee day had a tie-up with insurance agencies with policies such as the group personal accident insurance and group health insurance policy. This is only applicable to employees who are conformed in the organization. Details of the same can be availed from HR department. STATUTORY DEDUCTIONS: EMPLOYEE PROVIDENT FUND: All full time employees who are appointed on the company’s rolls are eligible for the provident fund schemes, which is a social security fund payable to on retirement. As per the provisions, employees must contribute 12% of their basic salary and an equal contribution will be made by the employer. The nomination form {Form 2} is filled at the time of joining. Yearly returns will be provided.

Please collect PF number from regional HR resource. It may take around 15-20 days from the time of filling and submitting the form. EMPLOYEES STATE INSURANCE: This is provided to employees who’s gross salary is Rs 7500/- p. m. or less and the benefits provided under the scheme are for sickness, maternity etc. the employee has to contribute 1. 75% of his gross salary and the employer contributes 4. 75% of the employee salary under the scheme. The completed ESI form along with two post card sized full length photographs should be submitted for ESI registration. Please collect ESI card number from regional HR resource. GUIDELINES FOR PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE Clean uniforms have to be worn everyday.

• Store dirty uniforms and linen away from food items and clean linens.

• All male employees should come well-shaved, short haircut, trimmed moustache, and clean and short nails. No full beards or French beards are allowed except for religious reasons.

• Wear a light deodorant to mask perspiration odour.

• A hair net should be in place for ladies with long hair.

• The cap is a protective hair gear. Please ensure that hair is well concealed within the cap.

• All employees should regularly wash their hands with anti-bacterial soap before beginning duty and after taking breaks. Spitting, smoking, chewing gum, betal leaf or supari is not allowed within the cafe premises.

• If smoking outside the cafe premises, use a breath freshener and wash hands after smoking.

• Those with infected wounds, cuts, open sores, boils, intestinal illness, any infection, bruises, coughs or colds should not prepare or handle food. HOW A CAFE COFFEE DAY CAFE IS MAINTAINED? INTERIORS:

• Wall finishes are washable.

Clean them whenever necessary.

• Do not hang merchandise from electrical conducts on ceiling. These are of a clip-on type and loading them will pull them off from their saddles.

• Do not keep wipe pads on the counter top. If terra cotton pots are being used in cafe, they are to be painted with red oxide paint once in 3 months.

• Do not force shut the glass doors, but allow it to close of its own accord. Forcing the door shut damages the spring inside.

• Do not place merchandise on top of wall visuals/mirrors.

• Outdoor cafe floors need to be washed more often. LIGHTS: Red cube lights and cove lights above the servey are to be kept switched on always. GENERATOR:

• Check the water/oil/fuel levels in DG regularly.

• Always allow a fifteen second time gap between switching on the DG and flipping the change over switch. OUTDOOR: Umbrella’s should be opened fully and made taut. They should not sag.

• Umbrellas and awnings should be washed with water once a week.

• Doormats have to be cleaned at regular intervals with water. REWARDS The management believes that rewards offered by the company should be meaningful and valuable to the employees.

The rewards are always based on attainable goals, they believe in SMART goal stetting { S- specific, M- measurable, A- attainable, R- realistic and T- time bound}. The rewards are clear, understandable and open to all. The main focus of the rewards is to recognize performance and motivate the high performers. TYPES OF REWARDS:

• An employee is chosen based on criteria such as excellent customer comments, and maintenance of quality product standards that will be publicized well in advance.

• The “employee of the month” will feature in the cafe magazine “cafe beat”.

• Select “cafe of the month” that will be featured in the cafe beat.

• Select “employee of the month” that will be displayed at the cafe.

• Certificate of appreciation from the regional head.

• Participation in city/ regional/ national cafe managers context.

• Consistent and loyal employees with a good performance will be rewarded with employee stock options. MAJOR RESPONSILITIES TEAM MEMBER Responsibilities Customer service

• Serve the customer with a Smile, to their satisfaction.

• Should collect their handheld from the Docking station wear its belt on their necks and park it in the pouch.

• Provide speedy and effective Customer Service.

• Follow all service standards laid down.

• Ensure customer feedback forms are collected on a daily basis.

• In case of complaining customers, take suitable action to solve the complaints.

• Keep Cafe Manager informed of all complaints.

• Responsible for table turnover.

• Never get into an argument with customers. Should constantly employ suggestive selling practices to make customers aware of new products and current promotion. Cashiering

• Printer is in working condition.

• Cash pouch has minimum float to start with.

• Handheld terminals and batteries are in good condition.

• Manager is intimated about the login password.

• Logout and hand over proper physical count of cash and the terminal to the next person – in the presence of the Cafe Manager- every time you leave the cafe.

• Bills are made for every order.

• Transfer- in and GRN entries are entered for the day. Cold Coffee Products/Food Service Recipes of cold coffee and cool drinks are adhered to.

• Pastry cooler display is setup using appropriate tent cards.

• The temperature of the refrigerator, freezer, and ice cube machine is of desired level.

• Microwave, Mixer, Griller and Oven are in working condition and kept clean and hygienic.

• Shelf life of food is followed strictly and FIFO is maintained for storage.

• Food is dispensed at standardize service temperature.

• Food is handled using disposable gloves and tongs and never bare hands.

• Servery is kept clean and hygienic and avoids all sources of contamination. Cafe Opening Duties

• Setting up the counter for the day’s operation.

• Receipt city store items like coffee beans, cold coffee mix & cups and stationery and perishables like food, milk.

• Check on equipment (pastry cooler, AC, microwave, mixie, refrigerator, ice cube machine, and freezer) for cleanliness and ensure they are in proper working condition.

• Cleanliness of the cafe interiors, exteriors and servery.

• Before they are handed over the terminal, it is the team member’s responsibility to see to it that the terminal is in good condition.

While taking the terminal, if there are damages noticed, Team member shall report it on the register counters signed by cafe manager or his nominee.

• If the terminal batteries need to be changed or recharged then team member shall hand over the batteries to the cafe manager or his nominee and collect charged batteries from him. Cafe Closing Duties

• Cleanliness of all equipment and thorough cleaning of the cafe.

• Checking the physical stock with assistance from the cafe in-charge.

• Ensure food beyond shelf life is discarded and food to be retained overnight is stored t proper temperature.

Assist the manager in compiling reports and updating registers etc. Part Timer/Weekender

• The responsibilities of a Part Timer/Weekender are similar to that of a team member.

• Every Part Timer/Weekender should stringently follow these duties with a smile with utmost diligence, zeal and application.

• The duty hours of the Part Timer/Weekender will be as specified by the City Manager/Area Manager.

• As you grow within the organization, you will be briefed about new role and responsibility. Brew Master Responsibilities

• All standard recipes of coffee are strictly adhered to and maintain uniform quality of these recipes at all times. Coffee Machines, Coffee Grinders and dispensers are cleaned and maintained well and all preventive maintenance procedures are carried out.

• Hot coffee is prepared as specified by the F&B Department.

• Excess coffee is stored in airtight containers at the end of the day.

• Grammage and flow of espresso is as per standards.

• Ensure speedy production of pending orders.

• Knowledge about storage and shelf life of coffee and food related products.

• Proper closing and opening of pantry and keeping the work area clean and hygienic.

Manager In Charge Of A Cafe Responsibilities Should maintain a positive image of CCD (cafe coffee day)

• Sport a smile always, as you are the Brand Ambassador.

• Achieve sales in a focused and planned manner.

• Achieving sales target daily.

• Table turnover and efficient customer handling.

• Handle pressure during the rush hours by ensuring proper pre-rush preparations.

• Allocating assignments and targets to the staff working in the floor area.

• Constantly review all suggestive selling practices employed by the cafe staff.

• Ensure all items on the menu are available at all times.

• Responsible for customer feedback forms. Forecast orders accurately to minimize wastage.

• Maintain legally required licenses and others documents as required by local authorities.

• Implement other assignments delegated by the city manager from time to time.

• Should coordinate with the regional head and marketing department for various products launches and other marketing initiatives to improve sales.

• Be responsible for all materials and machinery.

• To ensure that all the terminals are docked to the docking stations when not in use.

• Have complete knowledge of all standard operating procedures governing the cafe and implement the same at all times. Maintain all records, reports and vendor/utility bills correctly.

• Maintain all opening & closing forms and formats.

• Adhere to all opening, closing, quality & consistency standards laid down by the company.

• Accountable for maintaining the stocks for smooth operations.

• All service standards, hygiene standards and cleanliness of the entire floor areas are maintained.

• Maintaining all product standards, coffee standards and recipes as specified by company policy.

• Planning the counter and ensuring proper workflow is maintained.

• Speedy products of all hot coffee, cold coffee, food, other beverages and desserts. Ensuring all machines including the nurit terminal and the kiosk behind the counter are in working condition. Intimate the cafe manager immediately in case of any breakdown.

• Food standards and hygiene are maintained all times.

• Responsible for depositing the daily sales proceeds of the cafe in the bank.

• Ensure all stocks and inventories are properly accounted for.

• Practice wastage control and spot audits so as to have control over the raw material costs.

• Take the responsibility of charging the batteries and docking the terminals. When the cafe manager is not present, only a senior team member designated by the cafe manager shall take responsibility of charging the batteries and docking the terminals.

• Coordinate and leave messages in the logbook regarding pending jobs for the next shifts manager.

• Ensure fresh recruits get both on the job and classroom training.

• Ensure appropriate briefings and meetings are conducted to disseminate information and collect feedback.

• Conduct regular appraisals on the performance of his/her team member and discuss strategies for improvement of their performances.

• Solving customer problems amicably. But if unable to do so, inform the reporting authority.

• Handle waiting customers efficiently.

Fund them a seat and making sure that they do not go away. HANDLING RUSH Typically 80% of the business happens in 20% of the time & cafes will have distinct ‘lean’ & ‘rush’ periods. CCD cannot prepare rush hours during rush period,& therefore they have to prepare well in advance & have the cafe ready in all respects. PRE-RUSH PREPARATION To ease workload & handle rush hours better

• Forecast the sales for the rush period

• Accordingly, ensure there are no stock out situations of any item on the menu. All the stock items or the food items should be well within reach & enough to last during rush hours

• Staffing should be adequate & work should be allotted well in advance & there should be no confusion about who is doing what

• Any breaks for the staff or change of old shift to mew shift staff should happen before rush time starts

• Pep up the staff

• If needed have one staff taking care of table turn over & ensure guests are received & seated

• The counter should be set up in a way that can help reduce clutter, crossovers between work areas & reduce the possibility of staff making mistakes. TIPS

• Portion out cakes , brownies etc.

• Refill sugar bowls , tissue box , straws & food stocks during free time

• Make sure all the cutlery & crockery is washed ,wiped & ready for use

• Re-arrange spoons & plates size wise

• The cold coffee powder dispensers should be full & new packets should be well within reach

• Steam & keep enough milk in the refrigerator for cold coffee

• Clean the milk steamer for good froth

• Fold & keep readily 6 to 8 T/A boxes & 2 to 3 parcel boxes

• Wipe & keep the counter clean & clutter free

• Ensure the servey & seating area is well cleaned . Mirrors , glasses ,table tops etc should be wiped down & floors should be swept & mopped clean

• Place importance on cleaning outside the cafe & replace fresh garbage bags in the garbage bins

• There should be enough diesel in the generator & in storage

• Check air conditioner for efficient performance

• Check water level in the storage tank

• Check water level in the boiler of Espresso machine

• Make sure have enough change in the cash drawer Once pre rush preparations are done, ensure you have a positive mental attitude & work on speed consistently . Enjoy work & be self motivated to beat the rush. Be calm & in control of the situation. A well planned counter, which is set up in preparation for rush hour, will go a long way in providing speedy customer service . A cross trained& multi skilled team member can rotate between work stations to ease any pressure points. PROPER RUSH HANDLING WILL ENSURE: 1. Excellent service, top notch products & a great ambience for customers 2. The operation is well planned & products are kept available readily & we do not get into run out of stock out situations . This means all team members will find handling the RISH ROUR very satisfying & fun 3. That you always evaluate how the last rush period was handled & correct any past mistakes. SEVEN STEPS OF GREAT SERVICE 1. WELCOME THE CUSTOMER Acknowledge customers presence at the cafe. A smile goes a long way. That is guaranteed.

• Open the door to receive a customer & greet him courteously with a smile

• Meeting greeting & seating the customer in a warm & friendly manner sets the ball rolling for the service that follows . It will reflect in voice

• Check whether the customer wants a takeaway or will be seated at the cafe

• Take his preference if possible & direct him to available vacant tables. Request the customers to be seated & introduce self. 2. TAKE THE ORDER & PRESENT THE BILL A confident demeanour & good menu knowledge will help you to assist the customer to his satisfaction

• Hand over the menu to the customer & if not ready return to take the order in a few minutes

• Help the customer choose the right coffee or food by explaining in detail the attributes of the product. It is important that you recommend special product & add – ons & combos of food & beverages to the customers.

Suggestive selling will help you offer customers a better choice of their products.

• When the customer is ready to give the order , use handheld terminal. Choose “SELL” amongst user functions. Enter the table number & the number of people. Take the order.

• Check if the customer is the cafe citizen ,if not, enroll the customer in the cafe citizen program

• Inform customers at what time they should expect order to be served. For eg. ” order will be served in 10 minutes. Sir”

• Print the order confirmation cum bill & place it in the folder on the table. TIP: use one liner terminology to describe product & its benefits to the customer. 3 . SALVER SERVICE Serve the customer at the promised time & know the products that you are about to serve . Pride in products will enhance the customers confidence in their brand.

• Arranged the readied products on a salver

• Serve the food first & serve the cold coffee , hot coffee or other beverages later.

However check the customers preference. For eg. “Can I serve the food items first, Sir or would you like everything to be served together?

• In case of no specific customer preference serve food first followed by coffee/ beverages

• Announce the name of the product while you serve the product

• Remember who ordered which coffee / food in case of a group & serve the items accordingly

• If there are four people gathered at a table, then bring the coffee two at a time.

Else, if you wait to bring all four together, the first two will not retain their temperatures.

• In case there are any delays after announcing the time of service, please keep the customer informed of delay. TIP:Ensure that you have served all the mandatory accompaniments with the food & beverages like sauces , cutlery , napkins etc.. 4. VERBAL FEEDBACK & REPEAT ORDER A feedback on existing service would help you improve performance in future . Also, the customer will feel more valued & important.

• Keep an eye on the tables in allocated section

• Check with the customer if they would like some more coffee , snacks or desserts

• Interact with as many as customers as possible & get their feedback on the service & product. For eg. Hope you liked the coffee Sir! I hope you found the service friendly & prompt. Is there any way we can improve our quality of coffee, food or service TIP: If you ask for feedback, you are sure to receive comments from customers 5 . CLEARANCE Prompt clearance of the tables ensures that customers find the cafe seating area clean, hygienic & presentable when they are seated at the tables

• Clearance should be very prompt

• Clear empty plates, cups & soiled napkins from the table using a salver

• Ensure that the surface & edges of the table is wiped with assigned scrubber . Use a spray gun to dampen the table with a cleaning agent prior to wiping the table. 6. BILL SETTLEMENT & CUSTOMER FEEDBACK MAKE THE POST SERVICE WAITING PERIOD EASY & FAST FOR THE CUSTOMER

• When the customer is ready to leave check the amount of the bill from handheld & tell him the overall amount payable

• Once the customer places the cash, remove the bill folder from the table & clear the transaction promptly

• Request the customer to fill up the comment card. ”I would be delighted if you could kindly fill up our customer comment/ feedback form while I return with the change, Sir! ”

• Present exact change to the customer & collect the comment card. ” change, Sir!

• In case of any negative comment , tackle the situation before the customer leaves the cafe . Acknowledge good comments too. 7. PARTING REMARKS Show customers that we value them & want them to return. A pleasant parting remark would ensure that customer comes back to cafe

• Thank the customer for choosing CAFE COFFE DAY. And how delighted you are to be of service to him. “Thank you for choosing CAFE COFFEE DAY, Sir! It has been a pleasure having you over. ” TIP: It is not what you say , but how you say it! PRODUCTS AT CAFE COFFE DAY Description of various Food and Beverages: Hot Coffees One Line Descriptions: Espresso : Strong black coffee extracted at high pressure and optimum temperature. Espresso Americano : A shot of lightened Espresso diluted with hot water. Macchiato : A shot of Espresso topped up with milk foam.

Cappuccino : Strong milk based coffee with a shot of Espresso, milk and milk foam. It is one of the most popular hot coffees at Cafe Coffee Day. Cafe Latte : Milkier hot coffee, mild and goes best with coffee flavoring syrups. It has a very thin layer of milk foam. Chocochino : A blend of Chocolate ice cream and Espresso garnished with a dollop of milk foam. It is neither a hot coffee nor a cold coffee. It is a warm coffee. Cafe Mocha: Chocolate flavored Cappuccino. Goes best when served with whipped cream. Garnish it with a dash of cocoa powder.

Irish coffee: A light Espresso flavored with a choice of Irish Cream/ Hazelnut/ Caramel and topped with Whipped Cream. Caffeine Kick: Double shot of espresso diluted with hot water. Black Velvet: A’ristretto’strong coffee served around 5-20 ml. Kenyan Safari : An international coffee with the hidden flavor of Blueberry. Colombian Juan Valdez: Rich, mild international hot coffee with fruity flavour. Ethiopian Qahwah : International hot coffee with a hidden mocha flavour.

Hot chocolate : Lots and lots and lots of chocolate. Cold Coffees Tropical Iceberg : Ice blended cold coffee with notes of chocolate. It is the most popular cold coffee across the country. Tropical Temptation : A Tropical Iceberg topped with whipped cream and a shot of chocolate sauce. Cold Sparkle: Ice blended cold coffee with a sparkling taste of coconut, it is among the earliest cold coffees introduced in their menu. Iced Eskimo : Ice blended cold coffee with notes of coffee and cream balanced in right proportions. Arabian Heights : Ice blended cold coffee with a distinct flavour of cardamom.

Vegan Shake : It is made of 100 % pure vegetable fat and does not contain any animal fat & dairy product. It is unique and is being launched for the first time in the country by CCD. Cappachillo : Coffee with sweetened creamy milk served on the rocks. Mochachillo : Chocolate flavored coffee with sweetened creamy milk served on the rocks.

Cafe Frappe : A judicious blend of ice cream and coffee that gives a smooth and creamy effect. Almond frappe : Almond flavored rich, creamy cold coffee with whipped cream, garnished with almond flakes. Choco Frappe: A Cafe Frappe with an extra scoop of Vanilla ice cream and a shot of chocolate sauce, garnished with cocoa powder. Devils Own : A smooth blend of cream and coffee drenched with chocolate sauce and topped up with a shot of whipped cream. Kaapi Nirvana : It is their ultimate signature blend, very Indian with hidden Caribbean taste, won the silver medal in the in the world barista championship held in Oslo 2002. Rich coffee taste, heavy body with creamy texture and does not require any additional flavors.

Fruit Frappe : A judicious blend of ice cream and fruits having different fruity flavors and thick cool texture. Mango Frappe, Strawberry Frappe, Pineapple Frappe, Lichi Frappe, Cold Chocolate). Teas Assam Tea : A strong Tea grown in the best tea estates of Assam. Masala Chai : High grade Assam tea in combination with a Masala bag which is meticulously prepared with pepper, cardamom and cinnamon to give an ethnic feel. Ice Tea : A flavoured cold tea served with lemon juice on the rocks, garnished with a slice of lime. Granitas / Cremosas Granitas : A cool slush drink in different flavour variants Pineapple Crush : Pineapple flavour.

Cool Blue : Orange & hidden flavour of mint. Blood Orange : Orange flavour. Smoothies : Ice-drinks blended with ice cream to give it a creamy texture, which gives a smooth creamy after taste Strawberry/Mango Colada : A smoothie, flavoured with strawberry/mango garnished with whipped cream. Cremosa : A fizz drink served with fruit concentrate, soda and Ice Cubes Served on the Rocks. (Flavor options: Litchi, Ginger Spice and Pina Colada) Desserts Mousse Au chocolate : A double layered Chocolate mousse with a combination of milk a dark chocolate & subtle coffee flavor for all the chocolate lovers. Mocha Pastry : A fresh coffee sponge cake flavored with Coffee cream and syrup. Chocolate Fantasy Cake : Rich Chocolate Pastry pampered with a rich garnish with chocolate truffle swirl.

Pineapple Gateaux : Delicious cream and pineapple-flavoured cake, very light and refreshing. Chocolate Mousse : Creamy, Fluffy, Smooth, chocolate flavored dessert, ideal with coffee. Black forest Cake : The all time favorite Choco pastry with cherries suited to our Indian palate. Sugar/chocolate Doughnut : A deep-fried dumpling doused with cinnamon flavoured top dipped in sugar or chocolate truffle. Date & Walnut cake : Rich butter base Cake made of delicious combination Dates & Walnut. Chocolate Brownie : A rich dessert made with the combination of chocolate, butter, walnuts best with coffee. [TIP: Tastes best with a scoop of Vanilla Ice Cream. ] Banana walnut cake : Delicious teacake flavored with bananas and walnuts Marble cake : A delicious combination of chocolate and vanilla butter sponge best with tea or coffee, topped with pure chocolate.

Try with a scoop of choc ice cream, vanilla ice cream, nuts & chocolate sauce. Cookies : A crisp sweet snack accompanying all coffee and teas with choco chips, chocolate ginger, peanut butter and coconut macaroon flavour options. THE LEVI’S CAMPAIGN The 6” Below the Naval Jeans campaign, the Sykes Reversibles (Ulta Pulta) campaign, the Levi’s 501 campaign, the TLTT (The Levi’s Torture Test), the ‘Hello Gorgeous’ campaign etc all are some of the successful in cafe activations designed and executed for Levi’s. Every season CCD becomes an important media for Levi’s to launch its new range of apparels.

Along with providing tremendous on ground visibility in terms of wall visuals, tent cards, danglers, posters etc. , a contest (wherein customers could win Levi’s clothes) is designed to inject customer interactivity and to add excitement to the entire campaign. The cohesiveness of the entire campaign is accentuated by creating a new drink and christening it as the Levi’s drink for the promo period! [pic] THE SUGAR FREE CAMPAIGN In order to promote Sugar Free, CCD launched a “ Low calorie menu” in association with the former for the calorie conscious. The new menu consisted of a wide range of Low calorie Hot coffees, International coffees, Tea, Tropical Iceberg & a range of veg. and non-veg. food as well as deserts like Lemon Souffle to name a few. This menu was communicated to the customer by means of Sugar Free branded menu boards, menu cards etc. Also, a few bottles of Sugar Free were displayed at the counter to serve as a pointer to the on-going activity. [pic] THE TVS SCOOTY VALENTINE CAMPAIGN The Valentine month in 2004 witnessed an innovative campaign for TVS Scooty. CCD promoted TVS Scooty by means of a creative promotion which besides adding visibility and customer interactivity also conveyed the brand attitude to the end customer and helped them relate to the same. Through the ‘TVS Scooty Valentine Singles Campaign’, customers were asked to enter the contest of why they would rather be single and make TVS Scooty their Valentine that year. To add to the festivities of the Valentine month, CCD created 2 special combos called the TVS Valentine Combos– Hot & Cold (2 ice blended Cold coffees/2 Cafe Mochas with a Chocolate Fantasy). The contest was of course made attractive by the no. of freebies like Sony Discmans & MP3 players etc. which customers stood to win.

Not to mention the Mega prize of a 4 stroke TVS Scooty for 2 lucky winners [pic] THE CHANNEL V- GET GORGEOUS HUNT CCD was the exclusive on ground partner for the national hunt for the most gorgeous female models by Channel V, wherein candidates could drop their entry forms with portfolio at any CCD outlet. The event was heavily promoted by CCD through in cafe branding and on air by Channel V. CCD also launched a new range of ‘Get Gorgeous drinks’ as part of the promotion. Innovative collaterals like branded stirrers etc. were used to add that extra element of surprise. So much so was the success of the campaign that Channel V has chosen CCD to be the on ground partner for ‘Get Gorgeous- Part [pic] THE HIMALAYA HONEY CAMPAIGN The Himalaya Drug Company had recently entered into a tie up with Cafe Coffee Day to promote their honey. This honey was made available through over 100 Cafe Coffee Day outlets across 7 cities, in a 3-month promotion where Coffee Day customers experienced the taste of pure of honey in innovative ways. Honey Cappuccino, Honey milk shake, rich chocolate cake and ice cream topped with honey and nuts! Four unique dishes were conceptualized by Cafe Coffee Day, each enriched with the goodness of pure Himalaya Honey. These were an instant hit with the customers. In addition to honey-based items, bottles of Himalaya Forest Honey were also available in all Coffee Day outlets pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] MOVIE TIE-UPS CCD has become an important national on ground partner for Production Houses to promote movies better among the masses by means of colourful collaterals like – posters, tent cards, danglers et al. Interactivity is ensured by conducting exciting contests around the movie wherein customers with the correct answers stand to win movie cassettes, CDs, movie tickets as prizes and also through a Lucky draw get a chance to win a ‘Coffee date with their favourite movie stars’. Hence, the ‘touch & feel’ experience to the movie. The ‘Mujhse Shaadi Karogi’ Promotion: The contest, starting July 10, 2004 ran across 168 cafes in 42 cities for a month, where any customer billing a ‘Shagun’ amount of Rs 301 was guaranteed to win at least one prize ranging from audiocassettes to movie tickets and a chance to enter a lucky draw, which would win them a coffee date with Priyanka Chopra. To heighten the excitement, CCD even created an ambience of ‘Shaadi Season’ with cafe staff wearing heart shaped badges with ‘Mujhse Shaadi Karogi Contest @ CCD’ pinned on their shirts. Creatively designed posters and tent cards in the wedding card format were used as tools to encourage customers to be a part of this contest. [pic][pic] [pic] Cafe Coffee Day in ‘wi-fi’ tie-up with Microsense Cafe Coffee Day, the country’s leading chain of cafes, has tied up with Microsense, provider of wireless computing solutions, to wi-fi enable its coffee outlets across the country. BANGALORE, DHNS: Partnering with Microsense, Cafe Coffee Day has already wi-fi enabled 50 of its outlets across Bangalore, Mumbai, New Delhi and Chennai. The number would increase to 100 by March, Cafe Coffee Day Chief Executive Officer Naresh Malhotra told newsmen here on Monday. In a phased manner, all the Cafe Coffee Day outlets, spread over 50 cities, will be wi-fi enabled, he added. Pointing out that the cafes had been attracting huge number of business customers, he said the partnership would enable laptop and PDA owners to hook to the internet while sipping coffee at its outlets.

Microsense Director N V Krishna said the wi-fi service would feature plug and play functionality VPN support and always on connectivity. It would be provided through post-paid and pre-paid access accounts supported by a central authentication and billing platform developed and operated by microsense, he added. CAFE BEAT MAGAZINE Cafe Beat reaches more than a million smart, receptive and upwardly mobile youth of India every month. It is one of the most widely read YOUTH magazines in the country and is a part of one of the largest Indian retail youth brands – Cafe Coffee Day. CAFE BEAT FACTFILE: 12 pages, all colour, monthly tabloid. Available at all cafes across the country (226 cafes in 55 locations as of Today! ). Available FREE of cost to customers for in-cafe reading. Many customers also carry it away for their referrals. 38% of the customers at CCD read Cafe Beat (survey conducted in Aug. ’04 in the 4 metros. ). CCD gets around 3 million walk-ins in all its cafes per month. Essentially a youth magazine covering topics like movies, music, travel, lifestyle, e-dating, books, career etc. which interest the youth. Displayed on magazine stands/counter at the cafes.

The new issue is kept on the tables during the first week for greater visibility. Readership profile: Students and young professionals, mostly. SEC A and B. INSIDE CAFE BEAT – CCD’S OWN PROMOTIONAL MAGAZINE pic] Every month Cafe Beat brews a story for the ‘young’ and the ‘young at heart’, a tale that they can relate to, a phase that they have experienced or are doing so and a decoction, which makes them feel FOREVER YOUNG! [pic] Check out the FQ (‘Funk Quotient’) of college bands in ‘Phat Noise’ and witness ‘The Ticket’ review the movies coming to the theatres near you. [pic] Be informed about the list of exciting events just around the corner. You simply can’t miss these [pic] Know more about the latest Cafe Coffee Day launched in your neighbourhood and find the expert, Harish Bijoor throw light on how the cafe of tomorrow will look and feel! pic] Is Sandra Bullock still congenial? Is direction Antara Mali’s cup of coffee?? Get your dose of gossip while navigating through the grapevine. [pic]Mr. Bean talks to the troubled hearted. [pic] Add more Gadgets and Gizmos to your wishlist with the G! [pic] Know who all have bean modelling this month? CUSTOMER PROFILE (TARGET AUDIENCE) The cafe is a meeting place for 15-29 year olds, both male and female who are served the best coffee by friendly and informed staff, in an uplifting and invigorating ambience. [pic] CAFE COFFEE DAY – MERCHANDISE Every one likes to cherish good times with a hope that they last forever. CCD make this a reality, in the form of merchandise, specially chosen and created for the customers to carry a piece of the good times spent at Cafe Coffee Day! So visit your nearest CCD to pick these trendy items of merchandise today!! Funky Caps, Cool T-Shirts, Bags, Mugs, Coffee Filters, Mints. Coffee Powders Arabicaah, Perfect , Charge , Dark Forest . New Introductions Malabar Monsoon premium Coffee Powder Varieties in coffee mugs Funky T-shirts and Caps CCD’s guide to Active Holidays (A travel guide focusing on adventure sports) [pic] Travelguru & Cafe Coffee Day promise holiday shopping [pic] Cyber cafe’ gets a whole new meaning as Travelguru, India’s leading travel portal, today announced a tie-up with Cafe Coffee Day to offer enticing gifts over coffee and cake. A steaming cup could bring with it a holiday in hot Goa … a chilled frothy glass a cool getaway in serene Leh. Travel shopping has become little more than a coffee session thanks to two of the country’s most innovative and youthful brands! Starting December all the way to February 2007, select Cafe Coffee Day outlets in Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Baroda, Chennai and Hyderabad are offering a Travelguru gift voucher with every purchase of Rs. 200/- or more. Every such voucher would take as much as Rs. 1000 off on hotel bills and vacation packages and Rs. 200/- off on air-flight costs.

Both offers are valid for three months. To add to the excitement around the festive season,Travelguru is the sole sponsor for Cafe Coffee Day’s month-long ‘Cafe Coffee Day Santa’ contest. Running through the month of December, covering over 350 Cafe Coffee Day outlets, customers buying two CCD gift certificates may send an SMS message with the bill number to 9880COFFEE. Travelguru will hand out loads of travel gift vouchers to the winners of a lucky draw. One lucky couple will get to enjoy an experience of a lifetime, by winning the Grand Prize – a 1-night cruise experience for two people, courtesy Travelguru. “Travelguru’s partnership with Cafe Coffee Day, the leading vendor in the lifestyle retail space, is an exciting opportunity to market travel,” said Devyani Nagpal, Chief Marketing Officer-Travelguru . This strategic partnership will allow Travelguru to offer customers phenomenal deals on weekend getaways, vacation packages, cruises and hotel stays across 72000 hotels and resorts across the Globe … bargains won over a cup of coffee! ” Cafe Coffee Day Director Naresh Malhotra echoed the enthusiasm: “We are very excited about this strategic partnership with Travelguru, India’s largest hotel consolidator.

This partnership will help us offer our customers the best in travel deals across hotels, vacations, cruises and airfares and meet their holiday needs. This makes their visit to Cafe Coffee Day more experiential and rewarding. Looking to the future, we anticipate offering many innovative travel shopping options, in conjunction with our travel partner Travelguru”. The partnership aims at ultimately providing a unique travel shopping experience to Indian travel customers and making travel very accessible to them. For now though, the crowd that “chills” out at Cafe Coffee Day can go shopping for great value deals on India’s widest range of hotel and vacation options, through Travelguru by just buying their favorite cup of latte! Sourced From :Indian Public Affairs Network AIR DECCAN TAKES CAFE COFFEE DAY TO THE SKIES With Starbucks expected to enter the Indian market sooner rather than later, it seems logical that India’s leading fine coffee-cafe chain Cafe Coffee Day should take to the skies, courtesy the country’s pioneering low-budget airline which now links up more urban centres — 46 at last count — than the competition. Both Air Deccan’s parent company Deccan Aviation and Cafe Coffee Day took off in the same year from India’s Garden City.

Cafe Coffee Day, a division of the Rs 300-crore Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading conglomerate, will now be the single-point vend or supplying snacks and beverages on board all of Deccan Air’s 186 daily flights. Cafe Coffee Day (CCD) estimates that when the roll-out is in full flow, the four million passengers on board Deccan Air flights could add up to Rs 20 crore a year to its annual turnover, at an average of Rs 50 per passenger. For Deccan Air, the tie-up could enable the airlines to provide its passengers with reasonably priced snacks and beverages of a standard quality. Which is what its passengers are said to have indicated a preference for in a recent survey. The CCD service will begin with the Bangalore-Chennai flights, and will be extended to other sectors rogressively. Since CCD has a pan-India footprint, the strategy can be implemented seamlessly even in smaller hinterland towns, where the competition —in both aviation and the fine coffee cafe segment— does not have a presence.

The MoU to this effect was signed today by Air Deccan managing director Captain GR Gopinath and Cafe Coffee Day director Naresh Malhotra. Speaking on the occasion, Capt Gopinath quipped that another factor he and Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading chairman VG Siddhartha and he owned neighbouring coffee estates. [pic] pic] Cafe Coffee Day outlets dot on pilgrim’s map Cafe Coffee Day (CCD), a part of the Rs 300-crore Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Co Ltd (ABCTCL), pioneered the cafe concept in India in 1996. From a handful of cafes in six cites in the first five years, CCD has today become India’s largest retail chain of cafes with 300 cafes in 68 cities around the country. CCD is now betting big on temple towns as areas with higher footfall catchment to push business volumes. It records 30-50% higher sales from these areas vis-a-vis regular outlets. With a range of products customised to suit the needs of the travellers, Sudipta Sen Gupta, senior general manager marketing, CCD in an interview with Bosky Christopher of Food & Beverage News spoke about its plans to take the number of outlets further up to 500 by June 2007. Excerpts: Nothing catches the eye as much as a swank CCD outlet as one enters temple towns. Identify these outlets and are there any plans to open more such outlets? In 1996 with the chain’s first cafe at Brigade Road, Bangalore, the company realised that the urban Indian youth was looking at a place to relax and unwind and CCD filled this need gap. The largest retail chain of cafes has today become one that every customer relates to as his/her neighbourhood ‘hangout’. There is an element of familiarity that prompts one to visit the outlet while one is on transit, thus CCD has outlets at airports, gas stations, highways, tourist destinations and what’s more even popular temple towns such as in Katra there are two cafes (en route Vaishno Devi), Amritsar there is one cafe (the Golden Temple), Bhubaneshwar there are three cafes (en route Jagannath Temple at Puri), Mathura highway has one cafe (birthplace of Lord Krishna), Madurai has one cafe (the Meenakshi Temple). Also within metros there are certain cafes right opposite holy places, which show a marked increase in sales on certain specific days. For instance, the cafe opposite the Siddhivinayak Temple in Mumbai records a marked increase in sales on Tuesdays every week or during the eleven days of Ganesh Chaturthi. In Bangalore, opposite the cafe at Malleshwaram there is a Sai Baba Temple that draws a good number of pilgrims on Thursday/Friday particularly in the first week of the month; Sabarimala, a place that is frequented by pilgrims from November-January culminating in the rare view of a sacred ‘Jyothi’; at Manipal which is close to the Udupi Lord Krishna temple, is frequented by pilgrims who visit here during the Janmashtami and last but not the least the churches which are nearby the Panjim/Miramar cafe in Goa include Old Panjim Church, Dona Paula church , St Inez, Caranzlem, Teligao that are very significant religious places for travellers from Europe, etc. CCD has immediate plans to open outlets in Tirupati, Varanasi and Allahabad.

What is the volume of business at these outlets? CCD has been tracking results and it has been observed that there are about 500 walk-ins per day. Also the average daily sales at these outlets en route holy places are 30-50% higher than the regular CCD outlets, not counting the flagship ones. How are the products customised to suit the needs of the devotees? Typically a pilgrim walks into a CCD outlet en route the holy place owing to recall of the brand. Most domestic pilgrims at some point in their own city or town have visited a CCD outlet, therefore they walk into a CCD at a holy place most of the times knowing what to expect. However, since most are traveling, dry, take-away foods like cookies sell more. While the potential at such places cannot be underestimated, are there any concerns pertaining to logistics and cold storage? At certain times there are challenges owing to certain cafes being at high altitudes and transportation being sparse, however, over time we have learnt to tackle these issues better.

What is your strategy on the marketing and promotions front? Interesting promotions with youth-oriented brands invo

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Swot Analysis of Pepsico

Our History PepsiCo is a world leader in convenient snacks, foods and beverages with revenues of more than $60 billion and over 285,000 employees. Take a journey through our past and see the key milestones that define PepsiCo. 2009milestone PepsiCo is named to the ‘Best Companies for Multi Cultural Women’ list by Working Mother magazine PepsiCo joins Ceres, a leading coalition of investors, environmental groups and public interest organizations working to address sustainability efforts Near East brand launches two new products—Pearled Couscous side dish and Near East Gourmet Meal Kits SoBe Lifewater introduces two new zero-calorie flavors – Acai Fruit Punch and Mango Melon Pepsi celebrates its 75th anniversary in Canada PepsiCo honored with ‘Respect Award’ for its commitment to diversity by the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (GLSEN) PepsiCo-Almarai joint ventures acquires stake in Jordanian dairy company, Teeba Frito-Lay Turkey honored with ‘Environment-Friendly Industrial Plant’ award from the Kocaeli Chamber of Industry PepsiCo creates Baked Snacks North America Business Unit to meet consumers interest in more nutritious snacks and foods PepsiCo opens new Russian beverage plant in Domodedovo, the largest bottling plant in PepsiCo’s global system Naked Juice becomes the first nationally distributed brand to use 100% recycled plastic bottles with the Naked reNewabottle PepsiCo Russia celebrates 50th Anniversary Gatorade introduces limited-edition Jordan series bottles PepsiCo pairs with CBS to launch first-ever video player packaged in a print ad PepsiCo products make ‘Best Foods for Women’ list in Women’s Health magazine EPA awards PepsiCo’s Chicago office with Energy Star certification Pepsi kicks off its 2009 partnership with the NFL Smartfood adds Peanut Butter Apple flavor to its lineup Mountain Dew introduces ‘UltraViolet,’ Dew’s first diet line extension PepsiCo sponsors National Urban League Conference PepsiCo reaches merger agreements with Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas PepsiCo agrees to acquire Amacoco, Brazil’s largest coconut water company PepsiCo launches its first lightly carbonated fruit-based beverage in Brazil, Frutzzz Aunt Jemima brand celebrates 120 years PepsiCo is awarded several 2009 beverage innovation honors during Drinktec trade show Sabritas and PepsiCo Mexico Beverages receive three Effie ‘Top Marketing Campaign’ awards TrueNorth expands offerings with three new nut/fruit combinations—Apple Cinnamon, Citrus Burst and Almond Cranberry IZZE Sparkling Juice launches at Panda Express restaurants across the country PepsiCo Brazil signs pledge to change marketing campaigns to children PepsiCo says it will form new bottling unit; Eric Foss, 27-year industry veteran, will be CEO PepsiCo joins Healthy Weight Commitment Foundation to help reduce obesity in the US PepsiCo wins U. S. EPA SmartWay Environmental Excellence award for its leadership in conserving energy Sabritas and Gamesa-Quaker unveiled the first every hybrid trucks in Mexico PepsiCo U. K. and Ireland were named as one of the ‘Top 50 Places Where Women Want To Work’ by The Times, an influential UK newspaper and online publication PepsiCo is recognized at two events for its dedication to Talent Sustainability and dedication to Asian American employees—2009 Best Companies for Asian Pacific Americans from Asian Entrepreneur, Top 10 Companies for Asian Americans from AMBA PepsiCo again named to Dow Jones Sustainability World Index and Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index Propel supports Breast Cancer Awareness with its “hope. owpropelled” website, special packaging and pink caps Consumer Reports magazine names Quaker Chewy 90 Calorie Granola Bar among best during a taste test on lower-fat snack options United Nations Association of New York honors Frito-Lay for its environmental efforts PepsiCo ranks among top companies on Corporate Social Responsibility Index by the Boston College Center for Corporate Citizenship PepsiCo signs as partner of new Meadowlands Stadium, the future home of the New York Jets and New York Giants Pepsi Brazil wins the top spot for ‘The Most Admired in Brazil’ by Brazilian business magazine Carta Capital PepsiCo named ‘Corporation of the Year’ by Southern Florida Minority Supplier Development Council for its diligence, commitment and legacy of diversity The European Union approved the proposed mergers of PepsiCo, Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas PepsiCo Hope delivers more han 50,000 free, healthier snacks and breakfasts to Dallas children Frito-Lay receives the United Nations Association of New York’s 2009 Annual Humanitarian Award in recognition of Frito-Lay’s accomplishments in environmental corporate social responsibility PepsiCo Russia signs the Russian Advertisers Association’s pledge to eliminate advertising to children under 12 Pepsi wins ‘Football Promoter of the Year’ award in Nigeria for its involvement with the development of grassroots football PepsiCo and Calbee Foods Company announce strategic alliance to make and sell a wide range of food products in Japan Gamesa-Quaker’s Stila brand named ‘Brand of the Year’ in Mexico at the 6th Anahuac/AI Ries Marketing Awards IZZE brand launches new flavor of sparkling juice—IZZE Sparkling Lime PepsiCo open first overseas green plant in China as part of its $1 billion investment in the country The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) names PepsiCo as one of its 2008 Water Efficiency Leaders, for its efforts of water efficiency and environmental sustainability PepsiCo’s Valhalla, NY R&D site receives LEED certification for its environmental sustainability efforts PepsiCo International introduces first non-alcoholic, flavored malt drink, Bario, into Saudi market Pepsi Jordan wins the King Abdullah Excellence Award, Jordan’s most prestigious award on a country level PepsiCo receives ‘Corporation of Year’ award from United Cerebral Palsy in recognition of its EnAble program, which champions inclusion for people with different abilities in the workplace PepsiCo’s World Headquarters in Purchase, NY, was named as the winner of the 2009 Landmark Award by the American Society of Landscape Architects and the National trust for Historic Preservation Frito-Lay North America announces new partnership with Terra Cycle, a company that will repurpose Frito-Lay snack packaging into merchandise PepsiCo named to Ethisphere’s ‘Most Ethical Companies’ for 2009 Quaker is honored with 2008-2009 Brand Laureate Heritage Award for the ‘Best Brands-Consumers’ by the Asia Pacific Brand Foundation in Malaysia PepsiCo Chicago is recognized by BusinessWeek magazine as one of the top ‘green’ headquarter locations in the U. S. PepsiCo is listed in the top 20 ‘Ideal Employer MBA Ranking’ in Fortune magazine PepsiCo China beverage group named ‘Supplier of the Year’ by Wal-Mart China FLNA and Oberto Sausage Co. hagree to end partnership for distribution and sales of OhBoy! Oberto brand meat snack products in the U. S. and Canada Tropicana becomes the first North American brand to be independently certified by the Carton Trust, an organization established to address climate change Sierra Mist launches new flavor—Sierra Mist Ruby Splash Pepsi becomes official beverage of Norwegian Cruise Lines PepsiCo acquires Karinto snack business in Peru Frito-Lay SunChips announces plans to begin using the first fully compostable snack chip bag made from plant-based materials to significantly improve the environmental impact PepsiCo’s Mexico divisions, Gamesa-Quaker, Sabritas and Gatorade, receive the distinctive Corporate Social Responsibility award from Cemefi, the Mexican Center for Philanthrop, for their Talent Sustainability efforts Wal-Mart Mexico names PepsiCo Beverages Mexico as the ‘Supplier of the Year’ Aquafina, Diet Pepsi, Pepsi and Mountain Dew top the 2009 Brand Keys Customer Loyalty Engagement Index Lipton launches new Sparkling Green Tea—the first-ever sparkling beverage from the Lipton trademark Consumer Reports names Quaker products among its top choices at supermarkets in their ‘Great Every Day Products’ article The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency awards PepsiCo a 2009 Energy Start Sustained Excellence Award for its energy efficiency program PepsiCo announces intention to acquire its two largest anchor bottlers, The Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas PepsiCo’s TorTrix brand receives the ‘Hall of Fame of Guatemalan Brands’ award from the American Marketing Association PepsiCo introduces three new products—Pepsi Natural, Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, all sweetened with natural sugar PepsiCo Ireland is recognized as one of the ’50 Best Workplaces’ by The Great Places to Work Institute PepsiCo Chicago Sustainability Center achieves LEED Platinum certification from the U. S. Green Building Council, making it the fist in the Consumer Products sector to receive the prestigious Platinum distinction Frito-Lay launches $2 line for consumers seeking value PepsiCo India launches Nimbooz by 7Up, a beverage inspired by India’s favorite lemonade drink Tropicana introduces Trop50, the first orange juice with the all-natural sweetness of Stevia PepsiCo is recognized for its Diversity and Inclusion program by three leading business publications—DiversityMBA, DiversityInc. , and DiversityBusiness. com PepsiCo introduces first climate-friendly vending machines to the U. S. Gatorade’s G2 launch topped Information Resource Inc. s list of most successful product launches of 2008 Aquafina launches the Eco-Fina Bottle, the lightest weight bottle in the market Frito-Lay introduces new Smartfood popcorn clusters Doritos SuperBowl XLIII ad ranked number one by USA Today’s Ad Meter AMP Energy unveils three new line extensions—AMP Energy Lightning, AMP Energy with Black Tea and AMP Energy with Green Tea PepsiCo scores major league, multiyear sponsorship with both New York Mets and New York Yankees Latina Style magazine recognizes PepsiCo among the leading companies for Latinas at the Style 50 Awards and Diversity Leaders Conference Spitz Brand has been named one of Canada’s ’50 Best Managed Companies’ by the National Post PepsiCo Greater China opens newest bottling plant, Chengdu Pepsi Beverage Co. Ltd. n West China PepsiCo named ‘Corporation of the Year’ by Southern Florida Minority Supplier Development Council for its diligence, commitment and legacy of diversity Gatorade India establishes new training center for most-talented cricket players Frito-Lay North America adds more than 1,000 fuel-efficient vehicles to its fleet PepsiCo announces a multi-year distribution agreement with Rockstar Energy Drink Tostitos brand crowns six University of Texas fans as the champions of the Tostitos ‘Race for the Bowl’ competition and awards them $200,000 for their school’s scholarship fund IZZE Sparkling Juice becomes available at Sam’s Club Frito Lay Turkey launches its second better-for-you snack, Cheetos Rings Eleven PepsiCo China bottling plants are honored as ‘2008 Enterprise of Excellence in Water Saving’ facilities at the 2008 Chinese Beverages Industry Association annual meeting 2007 Milestones PepsiCo Food Service International (PFSI) is formed to focus on overseas development of restaurants. PepsiCo now has 111,000 employees.

First presentation of the international Donald M. Kendall Bottler-of-the-Year Award. Frito-Lay begins nationwide roll-out of Grandma’s brand cookies. Garden designer Russell Page (1906-1985) begins to extend the gardens at PepsiCo. Pepsi is #1 in sales in take-home market. 1978 Milestones PepsiCo acquires Pizza Hut, Inc. Pizza Hut was founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney. It is spun off along with Taco Bell and KFC businesses as Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. in 1997. PepsiCo passes the $3 billion mark in sales. PepsiCo stock splits three-for-one. 1976 Milestones PepsiCo sales pass the $2 billion mark. Pepsi-Cola becomes the first American consumer product to be produced, marketed and sold in the former Soviet Union. 1973 Milestones PepsiCo sales pass the $1 billion mark.

The company has 36,000 employees. PepsiCo moves from New York City to new world headquarters in Purchase, N. Y. The new corporate headquarters feature a building by one of America’s foremost architects, Edward Durrell Stone (1902-1978), set on a campus of 144 acres amid an outdoor sculpture garden.

Frito-Lay begins a program of expansion. Over the next decade, the company opens, on average, more than one new plant a year. W. C. Fritos is introduced as Frito-Lay’s new advertising mascot. Wilson Sporting Goods, a top name in sports equipment, joins PepsiCo. It is divested in 1985. Pepsi introduces the industry’s first two-liter bottle. Pepsi is the first company to respond to consumer preference with lightweight, recyclable, plastic bottles. 1969 Milestones North American Van Lines (NAVL), a premier transportation company, joins PepsiCo. NAVL remains a strong contributor to PepsiCo until it is divested in 1984. 967 Milestones Doritos brand tortilla chips are introduced.

They are destined to become the most popular snack chip in the U. S. Pepsi enters Japan and Eastern Europe. 1965 Milestones PepsiCo, Inc. is founded by Donald M. Kendall, President and Chief Executive Officer of Pepsi-Cola and Herman W. Lay, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Frito-Lay, through the merger of the two companies. Pepsi-Cola was created in the late 1890s by Caleb Bradham, a New Bern, N. C. pharmacist. Frito-Lay, Inc. was formed by the 1961 merger of the Frito Company, founded by Elmer Doolin in 1932, and the H. W. Lay Company, founded by Herman W. Lay, also in 1932. Herman Lay is chairman of the Board of Directors of the new company; Donald M. Kendall is president and chief executive officer. The new company reports sales of $510 million and has 19,000 employees. Major products of the new companies are: Pepsi-Cola Company – Pepsi-Cola (formulated in 1898), Diet Pepsi (1964) and Mountain Dew (introduced by Tip Corporation in 1948). Frito-Lay, Inc. – Fritos brand corn chips (created by Elmer Doolin in 1932), Lay’s brand potato chips (created by Herman W. Lay in 1938), Cheetos brand cheese flavored snacks (1948), Ruffles brand potato chips (1958) and Rold Gold brand pretzels (acquired 1961). Mountain Dew launches its first campaign “Yahoo Mountain Dew … it’ll tickle your innards. “

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Criminal Justice System Respond to Illicit Drugs

Illicit drugs in Australia has been a concern for many years and targeted in many forms via politics and media. But what are the real harms and cost of illegal drug use in Australia? Does the drug issue relate to crime and increase drug related crime? Much research has been done on illegal drugs and how best to combat the problem. Should we be tough on drugs or take a step back with a more humane approach? The criminal justice system has approached this problem via many angles and is still working towards a system that works. It could be that the solution to the illicit drug problem could in fact be a mix of many strategies.

This essay will examine the past and current trends in the criminal justice system and to analyse the strengths and the weaknesses involved. Research by the Australian Institute of Criminology (2004) has outlined the impact of illicit drugs on society. Many people assume there is a direct correlation between drugs and crime and this research undertaken in fact shows that drug use and crime have similar origins. Origins such as poor social support systems, difficultly in school, association with deviant peer groups and lack of access to economic support systems are the main similarities with drug users and criminals. The results of this research have opened our eyes to the direct link and the magnitude of the illicit drug problem. It is not possible to quantify the exact cost of illicit drug use to the Australian community.

However, some components can be measured directly, such as government expenditure through the National Illicit Drug Strategy (NDIS), but many of the social costs borne by the community, such as the extra cost of welfare, health and law and order services, can only be estimated. In addition, a number of costs associated with illicit drug use are not quantifiable, such as pain and suffering resulting from a reduced quality of life. Nevertheless a number of studies attempt to quantify some of the costs of drug use, including social costs.

Many also examine how these costs compare with the costs of licit drug use in the community (Burton, K 2004). Statistics from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare have discovered that Marijuana/cannabis accounted for 71% of illicit drug arrests in 2004–05. Further, in 2005, one in 10 prisoners was imprisoned for drug-related offences and finally in 2003–04, 88% of juvenile detainees had used an illicit substance 6 months prior to arrest and 70% were intoxicated at the time of offence. The Australian criminal justice system currently has two approaches to the illicit drug (for clarification, the definition of Illicit Drugs means a drug whose production, sale or possession is prohibited) problem. Prohibition and harm minimisation which will be discussed below. In short, the main aim of prohibition of drugs is to implement legislation and laws as a common means of attempting to control drug use. On the other hand we have harm minimisation which includes a range of targeted strategies designed to reduce drug-related harm for particular individuals and communities. It aims to reduce the harmful consequences of drugs when consumption cannot be further reduced. Drug laws have not stopped people using drugs, all it has done is create a multi-million dollar illegal market and fuel criminal acts to support such addictions.

However, the economic costs associated with harmful drug use, including prevention, treatment, loss of productivity in the workplace, property crime, theft, accidents and law-enforcement activities, amount to over $18 billion annually (Collins & Lapsley 1996). Which proves that the drug prohibition is not effective and another approach needs to be introduced. Prohibition is increasingly regarded as flawed in principle and a resounding failure in practice (Wodak & Owens, 1996). When the drug laws in Australia were first introduced they came through prohibition instead of regulation. The argument was, that once something evil was banned, the problem was solved. This was not the case as banning such illegal drugs has only made the productions of same increase and created the role of drug traffickers and an illegal underworld to make and distribute such drugs through illegal avenues. As Wodak and Owens stated: “Focusing on drug use rather than drug-related harm is like concentrating on a mirage (p. 9)” In summary, prohibition has been somewhat successful in raising the health, social and economic costs of drug use. However, each year with technological change, geopolitical developments and the new trade environment make the job of prohibition even harder. On 2 April 1985 Australia officially adopted another view on illegal drugs and this approach was known as harm minimisation.

This approach involves supply reduction, demand reduction and harm reduction. Harm minimisation has approached the drug use problem by introducing such schemes as information to drug users about how to safely use drugs and supervised injection rooms for users. Extensive consultation and collaboration between these services and police have been important in their success in reducing the spread of blood borne viruses in the community. Governments do not condone illegal risk behaviours such as injecting drug use: they acknowledge that these behaviours occur and that they have a responsibility to develop and implement public health and law-enforcement measures designed to reduce the harm that such behaviours can cause (Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy 1998:46). Harm minimisation encourages change in our attitudes towards people who use drugs including those who are physically and psychologically dependant on illegal drugs.

However, whether this is an effective approach is a common argument. One advantage is the fact that Australia does have the lowest reported rate of HIV infection in the world which is evidence alone that harm minimisation approach can work in the community. Harm minimisation can best be viewed in context of community safety and this is an approach to drug use to help keep people safe when they choose to use drugs. One important policy intervention that has gained increased prominence in recent years is the diversion of drug and drug related (crimes committed while under the influence of drugs) offenders. Aimed at deterring, educating or treating the causes of drug dependence, diversion involves the use of the criminal justice system to provide alternative responses, including referral to drug treatment.

The main aim of prohibition of drugs is to implement legislation and laws as a common means of attempting to control drug use. On the other hand harm minimisation recognizes the need to seek a balance between supply reduction (disrupt both the supply of illicit drugs entering Australia and the production and distribution of illicit drugs within Australia), demand reduction (reduce the desire for and preparedness to obtain and use drugs) and harm reduction strategies (reduce the impacts of drug-related harm on individuals and communities). Recently harm minimisation took on another strategy known as a diversionary scheme. In April 2009 the Council of Australian Government (COAG) endorsed the National Illicit Drugs Strategy (NDIS) package, providing over $111,536,000 to create a ‘tough on drugs’ initiative that gives priority to diverting illicit drug offenders into treatment. Guidelines were created for States and Territories to divert minor illicit drug offenders into assessment, education and treatment at many levels of the criminal justice system.

The aim was to reduce the amount f offenders that appear before the court for possession of illicit drugs , provide incentives for minor offenders to address their drug use and increase access to drug education and treatment. This strategy is based on a harm minimisation approach which refers to policies and programs aimed at reducing drug-related harm and protecting the community and users. Dr Woolridge (past Federal Health Minister)1999 has stated that it is clinically proven that if you can reach a drug user before the addiction becomes full-blown that you have a better chance of stopping the drug use. Taking this approach statistics have shown that as of July 2007, there were 51 programs that divert drug and drug related offenders: * 69% of programs have been introduced since 2000. * 59% were funded by the Coalition of Australian Governments’ Illicit Drug Diversion Initiative. * 31% involved police diversion, 22% court diversion, 18% drug court diversion and 29% were mixed. * 33% of programs targeted drug use/possession offence(s), 12% drug related offence(s) and 55% any offence(s). 45% of programs targeted adults, 27. 5% youth and 27. 5% mixed. * 49% resulted in assessment and compulsory treatment, 17% assessment and voluntary treatment, 9% cautions and referrals to education sessions, 20% warning/formal caution/family group conference, and 8% a fine or optional attendance at an education session (Hughes & Ritter 2008) To date each state and territory has created and implemented their own diversionary and harm minimisation measures to tackle the illicit drug problems. Each state and territory have varying programs which may be somewhat different to each of the other states.

Some programs may be easier to access, others may only cater for a specific group (ie indigenous people or juveniles). However, they all have the same major programs available as outlined below. According to the Australian Institute of Criminology there are 5 types of drug-diversionary programs currently in use across Australia. Within each of these areas of criminal justice there are a number of diversionary programs available. These initiatives can be divided into groups, depending on their position along the criminal justice continuum. Starting with the pre-arrest phase the most important diversionary measures is police discretion where officers can detect the offence but not lay charges and provide further information to the offender about how to manage and drug problems and refer them in the right direction.

Other measures in place are infringement notices, informal warnings, formal caution and caution plus intervention (where counseling/information sessions must be attended). Police drug diversion –at the front end are the various police based drug diversion programs offer drug education and assessment for those individuals with minor possession offences relating to cannabis or other illicit substances. Next step on the criminal justice continuum is the Pre-trial stage where a charge is made but before the matter is heard at court. Here we have options like treatment as a bail condition, conferencing or prosecutor discretion (where treatment is offered as an alternative to proceeding with prosecution). These programs are at court level and are primarily bail-based programs to provide assessment and short term treatment options for less serious offenders who criminal behaviour is related to their illicit drug use. The next stage is Pre-sentence which is after conviction but before sentencing, this stage includes such measures as delay of sentence where offender may be assessed or treated.

Post-conviction/sentence includes the process of sentencing. Diversionary measures can include suspended sentences requiring complying with conditions such as treatment, avoidance of drugs and specific peer groups. At this stage offenders can also be referred to the Drug Courts which are judicially supervised and enforced treatment programs which offer long-term initiative treatment for offenders who drug dependency is a key contributor to their offending. The final stage where diversionary measures can be utlised is in the Pre-release stage which is prior to the release from goal on parole. Options here include transfers to drug treatment programs or early release to attend a supervised treatment program. Even though the diversionary programs vary between jurisdictions, for example, in some states police can only caution first time offenders or juveniles and in other jurisdictions diversion is available for any offender caught with drugs, irrespective of age or criminal history.

According to the National Illicit Drug Diversion Initiative (IDDI) the findings were generally very positive. Across all jurisdictions , the majority of people who were referred into the IDDI program did not reoffend in the 12 to 18 month period after their diversion. In most cases, those that did reoffend did so only once during this time.

Payne et al, 2008). The cost of the various police diversion programs is significant. However, if these initiatives are achieving such their objectives, such costs should be more than offset by the benefits of accruing to the community through a reduction of illicit drug use and related offending and reduced case loads for the criminal justice system. There has been only one study (Baker & Goh 2004) that has examined the cost-effectiveness of diversion. The results demonstrated positive results in savings to the criminal justice system. In the first three years of operation it was estimated that over 18,000 police hours were saved as a result of not having to charge offenders at the time of detection, prepare matters for court and attend subsequent hearings.

Baker and Goh also calculated that the scheme resulted in total savings of well over $1million dollars during the first 3 years of operation. In the years following the development of the IDDI, researchers (most notably the Alcohol and Other Drugs Council of Australia, ADCA), outlined the benefits of and challenges to expanding the drug diversion and harm minimisation approach. Over coming the political perception that drug diversion was a ‘soft’ option (Hughes, C 2007). While the “Tough on Drugs Diversion Initiative’ was seen by policy makers as heralding a more humane response and more harm minimisation approach, the expression and framing of the program was that this was not the case. As John Howard said: “in no way does it [drug diversion] retreat from our ‘Tough on Drugs’ philosophy, our zero tolerance approach”. So the point that the Government are portraying is that illicit drug use is still against the law however, if someone has psychological, health and social problems, you don’t belong in jail. If the problem is drug use, than that problem must be tackled in order to decrease the social impacts of illicit drug use and to prevent a new generation of drug-users committing drug related crime (Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing, 2004). One of the positive outcomes of the harm minimisation/drug diversion initiatives is that is has now encouraged the collaboration of health and law enforcement services. Which were once two very separate divisions have combined forces to tackle the issue of illicit drug use and have broken down the barriers that once segregated the divisions as traditionally the health and justice systems have had little to do with each other with no referral pathway between them. Diversion programs are gradually changing this (Tresidder, J 2003). In conclusion after observing that the prohibition of drugs has not made any significant impact on the use of illicit drugs in society the harm minimisation approach was initiated. This approach was further developed and the drug diversion scheme was created to target the problem in return for long term solutions to protect the drug users and community from each other.

Research has shown that this has been successful to some degree however it has come across as somewhat contradictory to the “tough on drugs” campaign that is portrayed in the media. There is many mixed messages being sent and portrayed about the approach to illicit drugs in the criminal justice system. To date the drug diversionary programs has been the only approach to illicit drugs that has made any headway and molded around the existing drug problems. It is a policy that is designed to reflect the variety of problems that drugs can cause and by treating the cause is the only way to tackle the problem. References Australian Institute of Criminology, Does drug use cause crime? Understanding the drugs-crime link. www. aic. gov. au/publications. crm accessed 10 January 2010. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2007. Statistics on drug use in Australia 2006. Drug Statistics Series No. 18. Cat. no. PHE 80. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Baker, J. and Goh, D. (2004). The Cannabis Cautioning Scheme three years on: An implementation and outcome evaluation.

Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research. Burton, K, 2004. Illicit Drugs in Australia: Use, Harm and Policy Responses, Parliamentary Library, https://www. aph. gov. au/library/intguide/sp/illicitdrugs. htm, accessed 13 January 2009. Collins DJ & Lapsley HM. 1996. The Social Costs of Drug Abuse in Australia in 1988 and 1992, National Drug Strategy monograph series no. 30, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra. Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing. Illicit Drug Diversion Initiative – about diversion. www. health. gov. au Hughes, C. Away from the Courts, Of Substance: The national magazine on Alcohol, Tobacco and other drugs. Volume 7 number 2, 2009 pages 21 and 21. Hughes, C. 2007. Evidence Based policy or policy based evidence? The role of evidence in the development and implementation of the Illicit Drug Diversion Initiative, Drug and Alcohol Review( July 2007)Pages 363-368. Hughes, C. and Ritter, A. 2008. Monograph No. 16: A summary of diversion programs for drug and drug-related offenders in Australia. DPMP Monograph Series.

Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre. Payne, J. Kwiathkowski, M. Wundersitz, J. 2008. Police Drug Diversion: a study of criminal offending outcomes. AIC Report, Australian Institute of Criminology.

Middendorp, C, 2010, Drug Prohibition Doesn’t Work, so What do we do Next? TheAge. com, https://www. theage. com. au/opinion/society-and-culture/drug-prohibition-doesnt-work–so-what-do-we-do-next-20100106-lu8v. html, accessed 13 January 2010. National Drug Strategic Framework: 1998–99 to 2002–03, Building Partnerships: A strategy to reduce the harm caused by drugs in our community. Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy 1998 Tresidder, J. 2003. Police Drug Diversion. Of Substance: The national magazine on Alcohol, Tobacco and other drugs. Volume 1 number 1, pages 25-27. Woodak, A and Owens, R. 1996. Drug Prohibition, A Call for Change, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia. Wooldrige, Dr M, 1999, Tough on Drugs diversion programme an enlightened approach. https://www. health. gov. au/internet/main/publishing. nsf/Content/health-mediarel-yr1999-mw-mw99112a. htm accessed 13 January 2010.

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Rio Bravo

Prioritize the problems in what you believe the order of importance is related to the situation analyzed, and present your solutions accordingly Below are the problems as identified in the case study and are listed in their order of priority. 2. 1Project team formation. On winning the NUMMI bid, the management of Packard Electric had to put together an exceptional team that could handle the new international project. The operational management should have consulted within the entire group to provide an experienced management team which had skilled and diverse cultures. The diversity was addressed in the composition but they were not skilled enough to undertake an international project. 2. 2Project planning The project team, including the sponsor did not derive a complete project methodology to be applied on the NUMMI project. Most of the project flaws emerged due to the lack of processes to be followed. 2. 3Project Management Technique 2. 4Change Management Top management did not include change management as part of their strategy when deciding to engage the company outside the US borders. The internal Rio Bravo IV management was not an cohesive team due to the haste it was created under. 2. 5Cultural Differences a) The differences in value systems, language problems and nationalities had a great effect on the team growth and performance. b) The fact that the Sumitomo team brought along with the translator suggest that the first team had a problem in translating/understanding the customer’s blue print.
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A Whole New Mind

I never thought of my brain as two working parts (L-directed and R-directed). I always assumed that both sides worked equally together. When I listened to Pink’s interview on the “Soul Series” with Oprah Winfrey it was then that I realized how misinformed I was about how the brain works. As I watched the rest of the interview, a whole new light was shed on a subject that I never thought about. New ideas were presented in a new thinking way and I began to see into the ideas behind Pinks, “A Whole New Mind”. The idea of working together to be efficient involves the right brains logical linear abilities which Pink states, “are the best business strategy. ” The phrase that got my attention the most was Pink’s idea that the right brain thinkers have the ability to give people something they didn’t know they were missing! I was hooked because I am a right brain person. Another point I found particularly interesting in Dan Pink’s interview with Oprah were the six senses of right brain age (conceptual age) which Pink states, “ Are necessary for successful professionals to have in the more interdependent world we live in, a world of increased automation and out-sourcing. ” The six abilities that are discussed throughout the interview are outlined below. When asked which right brain ability we all should develop, Pink responded with design. He goes on to describe why he thinks we should all develop this ability. Design is the ability to create something that has significance as well as usefulness. He says, “in order to create more design into our lives is to become aware of what design is. ” I think design is something you spread on the surface; it’s like icing on a cake and everything has a design decision. Pink states that, “Design is utility enhanced by significance. ” The second ability is story. Story is how we see the world. An ability to use real stories in sales and conversations. In my opinion, the most interesting teachers don’t just go through the class material in a book, but put their own personality, character, and experience into the material in the form of a story which is informative, appealing, and impressive. Story can be used for teaching and sharing. The third ability is symphony. Symphony is seeing the big picture, our being able to put things together that no one else would think of. Taking a closer look and seeing things we didn’t see before. Symphony is about utilizing our whole mind (logic, analysis, synthesis, and intuition) to make sense of the world, finding the big picture and determining what is important and what is not. It’s also about deciding what matters and letting go of the rest. Play is Pink’s fourth ability. Play is design, cognitive skills, fun, and laughter. In the conceptual age, says Pink, “Work is not just about seriousness, but about play as well. ” To play is to act out and be determined, happy, and loyal as if one is assured of one’s prospects. Many people think that serious people are the best suited for business, that serious people are more responsible. But laughing people are more creative people. They are more productive people. Somewhere along the line we were sold the idea that a real business job must be dull, devoid of humor and something to be endured but not enjoyed. The fifth ability according to pink is empathy. Empathy is to walk in someone else’s shoes. Empathy is emotional; it’s about putting yourself in the position of others. It involves an understanding of the importance of the nonverbal cues of others and being aware of good designers, for example, to have the ability to put themselves in the position of the users, the customer, or the audience member. This is a talent, I believe, more than a skill that can be taught. Everyone has the opportunity to get better at empathy on their own. The last ability is meaning. Meaning is an opportunity to make a small difference in the world. What am I leaving behind? What is my contribution? What is my legacy? Pink believes that to be successful in the 21st century, we will need to use both our left directed reasoning along with our right directed aptitudes like those mentioned above. I agree with his belief that logic and analysis along with right brain reasoning will prepare us for the new “conceptual age”. Also in the interview, Pink talks about the three A’s of the conceptual age: Abundance, automation, and Asia. According to Pink, abundance is the least recognized. I have experienced abundance first hand and can relate to the message Pink is stating. Being a military wife for twenty years, I had the opportunity of a lifetime. An all expense paid trip to Okinawa, Japan. The only catch was I had to live there for three years. The first time I realized that in the “states”, there were lots of choices in everything was when I visited the PX (department store on post) in search of mascara. First I couldn’t believe there were only two choices! Maybelline and Revlon, and to my horror, only two colors! black and brown black. I wanted Lancome’ in brown. My skin tone is to light for the dark colors but I didn’t have the abundance of choices that I was so ccustomed to back in the United States. From that sobering moment on I realized that as Americans, we are truly blessed with abundance in almost everything we come in contact with and did I miss my choices. I started noticing more and more restrictions on what I had to choose from (due to limited shipping overseas) and I did not like it, not one little bit. In the “States” I had grown so accustomed to abundance that I didn’t stop to think about it. Living abroad impacted the way I saw things in view of abundance. Automation is the second of the three. Automation is a left brain routine type of work (following a set of rules) and according to Pink is fading from our society. Being a right brain person, I struggle in math. All through school I have had difficulty in Algebraic equations. After viewing Pink’s interview, I now know that I need to strengthen my left brain directed abilities and coupled with my right brain directed abilities both will compliment each other to create the “conceptual age”. The last of the three “A’s” is Asia. In the past, jobs that once only left brain people were good at are now being done overseas by computers and by foreigners for less money. In the new conceptual age, (a new way of thinking) we will create new and unexpected items that can not be duplicated by machines or other people because they will be originals that can’t be replaced. The right brain thinks design and the left brain creates the inner workings that when combined will create, “A Whole New Mind”. My questions are: Are we ready as a society to move into the new age? Will the older generation be as prepared to move into the new age as will be the younger generation? Any ideas on what comes next?

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Is Stable Family Vital for a Successful Society?

To what extent is a stable family vital for a successful society? What is a family? A family is a group that consists of adults and children that care for one another. When describing a family, people would usually talk about love, care, company and relationships. What is a stable family? To me, a stable family is one that is able to financially support the members of the family in terms of their daily necessities and school fees for the children.

It should also be able to maintain healthy relationships mentally, emotionally and physically, such as showing love and care between one another. Mutual trust between the members and of cause loyalty among each other as well. A society consists of the people. In other words, people makes up the society. 

A successful society then, would also mean that it is made up of successful people. There is a saying that goes “ Every successful man would have a supportive woman behind him.” Family is the support to a person when he/she is out in the world, working or studying.

Family is a group of people whom we can run to when things don’t turn out well, or when we want to share our joy and successes with. It is important that a successful person have a stable family back at home that is able to give mental support to that person in good and bad times.

Thus, a stable family is vital for a successful society. Family provides emotional nourishment for members. When members are emotionally filled, they would least likely have the need to seek for unnecessary attention in the society. Many people that came from families who do not provide this emotional nourishment and ended up committing crimes to seek the attention of other people around them. 

Example, news have shown that many children that came from families that are well to do went to the extent of stealing items from shops even though they weren’t of any use to them.

All for a reason of wanting to seek attention from their parents for care and concern. Teenagers also resort to joining gangs as they could not find the brotherly love and care that they receive from their gang members in their family. Statistics have shown that in Singapore, 40% of the gang members in most gangs are teenagers and these rates are constantly ncreasing through the years. These gangs teach them how to smoke, how to steal and fight, which are against the laws of society and unhealthy for the body. Thus, it is important for a family to be able to provide emotional nourishment for members so that love would not have to be obtained from anywhere else.

A stable family would be able to do so, by having healthy relationships with their members. Hence, it is vital as it helps to promote peace within the society. 

A stable family provides financial support for members. In times of need for money whether it is for education, investment in a business, clear debts, or medical help, family members are there to give support. They are there to help you to become successful in your business, they are there to help support you to further your studies and they are also there for you to help you when you are in times of need.

With such financial support, people will have equal opportunities to be successful in life and to do things that they desire to do in life. Also, members would be able to undergo any medical treatments or checkups to ensure that they are healthy and remain healthy. A society with people who are frail and weak in their immune system would not be able to contribute much to the society. Hence, a society with weak and frail people would not be considered as a successful society. Success can be brought upon to people if everyone is healthy and have equal opportunities to excel in the things that they are good at.

Hence, financial support is important in providing such opportunities and medical support for the people as a foundation for their success resulting in a successful society. 

On the other hand, a stable family may not necessarily be vital for a successful society. There are other factors that contribute to a success of a society other than having a stable family.

Having a good government who would help to maintain peace and think for the future of our society. The government is the leadership of our society, they will direct us on our next move, how to progress and ensure that we build a society that is mentally healthy, financially stable, low in crime rates and have social harmony. We all live in a society that is not perfect, there are people who are rich and people who are poor, people who are healthy and eople who are weak. However, government plays an important role in our society to ensure that everyone’s needs are taken care off. 

Especially those who require special needs, such as the blind, deaf, mute, handicapped and paralyzed.

However, having said all this, a good government would also have come from a family. His/Her family has to be stable to be able to provide our government with the adequate studies and moral values to teach him/her what is right and what is wrong. Thus, a stable family is still vital for a successful society. Having schools that educate children well is also another way in developing a successfully society. Schools are the places where every minister, doctors, lawyers, social workers, office workers, bosses, gang leaders and prostitutes have gone before.

They were all educated under the same education system. Thus, for a stable society to be developed the people would have to be well educated on their moral values and skills. This would enable them to in return give something back to the society. Education is the key to success.

Not in the form of subjects but in moral values. If everyone is taught the same moral values and learns to do the right things and the right time, society would become a better place and successful society can be developed. However, it is impossible for everyone to be educated the same way, it is impossible for every family to be able to provide school fees for their children to attend school. 

A successful society is not only made up of the rich people and well to do people, but it is also made up of the poorer families who are unable to provide education for their children. In this case, a stable family is thus able to provide this lack of education in their children. Teach them the right moral values and guide them along as they grow up.

We all know that whatever we learn from young, we’ll bring it with us all the way until we grow old. Education from young is the key and a stable family is vital in doing so to develop a successful society.

Therefore, I feel that a stable family is vital for a successful society in providing the foundations for the people within the society. Supporting them, emotionally and financially. Hence, with such foundations in place, a successful society can thus be built upon it.

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Stroe Chain in Pakistan

Assignment Makro Pakistan – Customer Services Strategy By – Sarfraz Hassan Manager Communication ( I. T. ) – Atlas Group 14th August 2010 Table of Content

* Grocery Stores in Pakistan

* Makro Pakistan – A brief history

* Market Competitive Edge

* Challenges and Target

* Strategic planning

* Action Plan

* Conclusion Grocery Stores in Pakistan Over the last two decade broader socio-economic changes, including growth in the urban middle class and disposable incomes have given rise to the modern retail sector in Pakistan.

There has been a marked decrease in traditional ‘kiryana’ stores, an increase in general stores and the emergence of new formats such as superstores, malls and retail chains to cater to the increasingly time-compressed consumer. Long ago, it was a simpler time for inventory management: the owners knew their customers well, what products they needed and how much they would be willing to pay for them. If a customer requested something the store did not carry, it was simply added to the next purchase order. Today, the shopping experience looks much different. The proliferation of department stores, grocery store chains and big-box stores during the past two decades has ushered in dramatic changes to the retail landscape—rendering customer-centricity an increasingly elusive goal. The food and other items are need of every human. We see in Pakistan, from small shops to whole sale dealers, from corner pan shop to multi stories super stores. The progress in this regard is tremendous as new ideas and techniques are keep coming to sell the items. Recently we saw the chain of Makro and Metro giant store where you get everything under one roof. Makro Pakistan - A brief history Makro is a part of House of Habib group. House of Habib is the business house of the Mohammedali Habib Family. Mohammedali Habib, a man of vision and exceptional leadership together with his brothers was the architect and builder of the Group which includes Habib Metropolitan Bank and Habib Insurance Co. Ltd. , established in 1941 and 1942 respectively.

Today, HOH employs over 10,000 people who work to provide an array of products and services in Pakistan. These activities range from automobiles (Indus Motors) to audio media, buildings to banking and computers to chemicals. Managing a network of public and private companies, the House of Habib has equity and technical collaborations with British, Japanese and Norwegian companies. House of Habib despite its conservative and traditional values places great emphasis on decentralized professional management that has resulted in a progressive and dynamic organization. MAKRO is a Dutch chain of large-scale wholesale supermarkets having a strong presence in many countries around the world. In Pakistan, it entered the market as a joint venture between its parent company SVH and the House of Habib to launch as Makro Habib Pakistan Limited. Habib group opened Makro in 2005. Makro demonstrated a commitment to grow in Pakistan by entering the wholesale sector and with plans to invest around USD 300 mn in the next four years. Pakistan’s wholesale sector has been a grossly neglected segment of the economy; Makro pioneered into its age old customs and led the change by introducing modern and transparent rules of trade. Makro has also brought the latest technology and techniques to preserve and enhance the life of fresh farm produce. This will not only benefit the farmer but also the common man.

Each Makro Wholesale Centre provides direct employment to 200 people, and brings in countless business transactions into the documented part of the economy, which is a significant step towards complimenting Governments’ efforts. It was soon realized by Makro that more and more individual customers are coming for shopping and thus Makro enhanced its products range.

Makro categorize its products in three categories:

* Dry food

* Fresh food

* Non food Makro main focus is on

* Competitive Prices

* Quality Guaranteed

* Everything Under One Roof

* Air-conditioned and clean environment

* Bulk Packing

* Detailed Sales Invoice Extended Business Hours – 8:00 am to 12 Midnight

* Open 7 days a Week including national holidays

* Vast and secure parking space

* Makro Mail: a fortnightly price list with special promotions on a vast range of products Market Competitive Edge Entering into the consumer goods was a great experience.

As CEO Makro Jamal Mustafa Siddiqui rightly said that local supermarkets often offer many things, while cash & carry type stores mostly compete on price but there is no compromise on quality. CEO further added that one of the factors which distinguish Makro from other outlets is the ample parking space and the cozy environment. This makes a visit to Makro a family event. Visitors not only come in search on quality products available at most competitive prices but also avail a chance to eat together. They don't have to bother about the security of any kind. The huge hall on a single floor gives customers a sense of easiness and it has been witnessed that parents are relaxed while shopping as they know their children are around “somewhere safe”. The availability of variety of product range with proper price tag is a feature where customers decide instantly what to buy and how much to buy. There are teams of sales person everywhere in the store but it was found that people normally find things easily and hardly they talk to sales person. The board of each product are placed everywhere so that customer can read where ever he is on the floor. The store was started as a whole sale way concept but soon it turned out to be the fact that 50% of sale is coming from individual costumers. CEO Makro mentioned in his one of interview that we did not go for huge electronic marketing campaign like TV or radio or even newspapers. We grew by word of mouth. And that gives us a competitive edge over other stores.

The daily sale is a more than 1 million. The suppliers are giving Makro a handsome discounts and Makro is passing this discounts to customers. Few more stores are coming. For example, Metro which is totally whole sale store and recently Naheed Supermarket shifted their style in a same way as Makro does. But still Makro has 34% market share in whole sale market and 41% in individual customers market. It has opened few more stores in Karachi as well as in Lahore. Makro Customers Makro has two types of customers.

* Institutional

* Individuals Both type of customer want quality, price and convenience It is now a fact that only providing items is not enough, there has to be service in front end.

In institutional customers, the whole sale customers are included. The requirement of this category is totally different as compared to individual customers. Therefore, the planning and strategy for both types of customers is different. Initially the strategy was made only for institutional customers and less focus on individual costumers. But when data available showed that the more revenue is generated from these customers then it is time to be customer centric. Makro has realized the fact that customers are now expecting more form Makro. They are now expecting that what ever they want to buy, it will be available in Makro. If Makro does not fulfill its customer needs, then it will soon start loosing its existing customers and it means loss in profit. One more complaint received is that Makro does not have “ALL” products and sometimes people have to compromise in few items. Makro has started taking feedback form customers so that they can understand the behavior of customers. They have observed that many people buy routine fixed item and many does not like bulk quantity schemes. As the CEO Makro said that we don’t compromise on quality, this is true as customers don’t get any less quality products there but through feedback it was also learnt that some good quality products are missing from the shelf which is required by customers. CRM A active database system is in place where total inventory management is controlled and in fact it gives information ahead of time that which items are required in three months time. The system is also connected with other outlets across the country and a centralized database is maintained.

This gives Makro an advantage to place its order to its supplier for all store in one go. As far as customers inputs are concerns, this system need update, so that customers complaints can also be handled from centralized management. Further, it is not connected with supplier and manual work has to be done. Challenges The challenges currently Makro is facing are:

* ALL items are not available in store

* New stores are coming with enhanced services * Sale might go down by 10%

* Closure of Makro Saddar Karachi by Supreme Court.

* No inputs from customers in CRM system and connection with supplier is missing Meeting local market needs is just one of many factors contributing to the increasingly complex task of store management.

How do balance changing market conditions, financial risks and supplier limitation, all while accommodating fast-changing trends? How do Makro accurately forecast inventory positions for the upcoming holiday season when previous buying patterns don't hold true in the current economic environment? And how can Makro ensure that their merchandise forecasts and plans are actually achievable? Targets After analyzing the market trend and customers need and expectation, it is time for Makro to sit again and do its home work and come up with right strategy and an action plan to face the challenges mentioned above. The management of Makro was sure on one thing and that they will succeed if they focus customer and align its strategy according to their needs. To create a customer-centric shopping experience, it is critical for Makro to make smarter decisions about product selection and inventory management. Strategic Planning Makro adopted a very simple strategy and that was to “Give what customers want”. Because in this era of inflation, customers are interested in getting their shopping done in one trip to save his time, money, petrol etc.

In order to accomplish this task an action plan has been made and details are given below Action Plan Objective: * Enhance CRM and implement Voice of customer solution (from supplier to customers).

* Ensure availability of all required items in the shelf

* Increase sale by 20%

* Re open new store in new location.

* Keep track on competitors performance and tactics The action plan was divided into four broad categories

* Understand Customers

* Set Quality Service Standards

* Build a winning team

* Check up regularly

* Provide proactive problem solving Understand Customers Doing business without knowing what customer exactly want is something like selling eye glasses to a blind man. Therefore, in order to know customers, there has to be a mechanism where maximum data is available. Collect Data To enhance their CRM system, data is required in different format to analyze it. Makro hired sales officer to ask and ask each and every customer following questions.

* How you feel here in Makro?

* Is this your first time?

* Did you get all things you wanted?

* Do you find it expensive?

* Any plan to visit again?

* Is there any complaint/suggestion you have.?

* How can we do better? The next feedback was taken from 200 employees which were more related to their duty timings, their uniform, areas of services, their expertise, their observations and their suggestions.

The suppliers were brought in picture and their systems were studied and joint efforts made to connect suppliers to Makro CRM system. Once, all information is available, then in CRM systems, it is time to sit together and senior management scrutinized all available data and interestingly few very amazing information were discovered. For example, Makro put some chocolate and candy near cash counters so that they can attack young ones. But complaint received from parents that they don’t like that chocolate and candies to be placed near cash counter as their children got out of control and one lady mentioned that she will not come to Makro again due to this same reason. Strategy of earning few quick pennies was actually loosing customers on long term basis. !! Makro adopted the policy to retain the customers as it is a fact that you spend more to attract new customers and therefore it is a good policy to retain old customers and those will become loyal customers. Set Quality Service Standards On analyzing data, it was also noticed that people complaint about the non availability of quality products on the shelf. The database also showed that there are many items which are rarely bought by majority of customers. Few suppliers also supplying low quality items and due to huge orders, these low quality items goes un noticed. A list of all hot items were made and contact made with manufactures directly to supply these items to Makro.

The low quality items were removed from shelf and meeting was held with suppliers of these items and a quality check mechanism was developed so that only accepted quality items reach to the shelf. The placement of more than 14000 items were also re shuffled. Employees of Makro suggested that there are few items, specially children toys and stationary is on the upper shelf and many times children ask floor staff to give these items. All these type of items were shifted to the lower portion of shelf where young one can access them easily and can decide what to choose. A web site is hosted where up to date information is available. Further, the whole sale customers can order on phone and their order is packed as per their requirement and ready at doorstep of Makro at their convenient time. The new offers and deals also circulated to all whole sale customers on regular basis. Announced a 5% discount to all employees family who wants to shop in Makro. Build a winning team When the quality, price and convince were addressed, it is time to address the touch points. The complete customer cycle were studied in detail. From entering into Makro in parking lot to getting out from Makro. Following actions were taken

* Parking staff and security staff were re trained “How to receive customers. ”

* The trolley are now available at different location of parking so that customer should not worry about finding trolley in the start. Few small shops and stall were opened at start of Makro which have attractive items with low price like CD/DVD shops, ladies bangles, purse, mobile accessories etc so that a perception is created that it is not a high price store.

* The selection of floor staff was clearly made, keeping in view their residential area. Focus on middle and upper middle class. They were trained how to greet customers and show them the way. Priority given to local residence at each store.

* It was in their training “Not to disturb customers while they are looking at different items”. But if customer has any query then that should be answered.

* The cash counter were increased and one more person was added who help customers in putting their items in shopping bags quickly with a smile.

* The re check of bill at the end was finished as it disturb the customers.

* Eating points increased with variety of food items.

* The hot items are placed in multiple locations.

* At parking lots, few boys were hired to bring the car at the door when customer finished the shopping so that customers don’t need to carry trolley all the way to parking lot. Check up regularly The strategy was in place, the action plan is now active. It is time to monitor the result and feedback. For this purpose, another department was opened whose primary responsibility to get maximum feedback from customers with respect to all areas. The main areas were parking lots, main shopping hall, cash counters, eating places, ATM machines and few dedicated sponsors stall/shops. A standard form was prepared with ranking (from excellent to worse) and KPI and that is part of each departmental appraisal procedures.

The main features of feedback form were:

* Cleanliness

* Reception

* Payment procedures.

* Floor Staff Support

* Availability of products Through these feedback, the whole supply chain mechanism was monitored and appropriate actions were taken accordingly.

The card system was introduced and to facilitate customers, point system was introduced in which shopping more than Rs: 10,000 will have discount of 5% and if within six months, if a customer earned more than 20% discounts then afterwards 10% discount will be offered. This scheme really worked out and helped Makro to retain customers. Provide proactive problem solving According to a research 68% customers are upset because they did not receive proper treatment. Only 4% customers complaint and rest do no complaint because they think that it will be useless to mention it or they DID NOT FIND A PLACE WHERE THEY CAN COMPLAIN !!! Makro gain popularly through word of mouth as they adopted policy of less electronic media advertisement. It also adopted the strategy to consider complaints as opportunities and react it with full dedication. A fully equipped complaint center was opened in each Makro store where customer can come and register their complaint verbally or can fill out the form. Even to extent, customers were informed that they can call following numbers any time to logged their complaints and these numbers belong to higher management. It is also a part of policy that if a complaint is right, then after solving the complaint, something extra to be given to customers so that he can feel that he is treated “WELL” and he is not ignored but supported well and he was listened carefully. This ill build a trust between customers and can turn ordinary customers into loyal customers.

The floor staff was trained in such a manner to move around the store and try to listen customers without disturbing them what they exactly talking about. For example one aged customer was saying to his wife, “ I need only one shoe polish and they have set of five shoe polish, why they don’t provide option to buy single.? ”. The action was taken and at many items option to buy single item was introduced and that really doubled the sale because as it was earlier mentioned that more than 50% costumers are individual customers. A team of expert is always present at frozen item section as customer investigate more about frozen food. At many occasions, team guide customers about new deals. A fortnightly newsletter with the name MakroMail introduced which not only consists of deals and new items details but also have complaint history, their resolutions, a thank you note to all customers for sharing their feeling with Makro. This newsletter is sent to 5000 customers twice in a month. Makro is searching for new location to open its new store in Karachi in case if sadder Makro become inaccessible. The case is in the court. Makro will try to adjust his employee at other locations. Conclusion Makro sale has reached 10 billion a year, a 25% increase since last year. Contributed Rs 750 million towards sales tax to government. Employed 300+ personnel. There are more than 14000 products on the shelf. These are not “ALL” the products, but this is what is required by customers. The use of right technology at right time gave Makro a competitive edge. The customer satisfaction can only be achieved through product and services. Its only matter how much one focus on each part.

Customers are ambassador, treat them as invited guests to a party, and we are the hosts. It's our job every day to make every important aspect of the customer experience a little bit better. There should be a culture where the voice of customer penetrates deep inside the organization and the management is steadfastly committed to creation and delivery of customer experience. Remain in cycle of Explore-;AgreeDeliverAssure Because what gets measured does get managed. When both customers and employees are engaged we are likely to see optimal customer experience (Reverse can be seen in government departments) Between rising unemployment rates and diving home values, consumers' discretionary spending is evolving as much more selective, more informed, and more scarce, creating significant competitive challenges for retailers and suppliers alike. The ability of retailers to attract and maintain a loyal customer following requires customer-centric strategies in collaboration with suppliers. If we do the right thing for the consumer, it will be the right thing for the retailer, and in the end, it will be the right thing for the supplier community. END

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My Idea of a Happy Life

My idea of a happy life| | When I begin to think of my idea of a happy life, I think first of all of money -- plenty of money for everything all the time. Money to buy a beautiful house for my parents or my brothers and sisters with every convenience and luxury, money to buy a fine motor car, all the clothes we could ever want and as many possessions like transistors, bicycles and modern appliances, as the heart could desire. money too, for foreign travel and for a first class education. Then, I think, I could be happy. But, is this really the answer ? It is true that the possession of money contributes to comfort and easy living, but money in itself cannot create happiness. Let us look at some of the world's richest people.

Barbara Hutton, the Woolworth's heiress, for example, was divorced several times and lived a most unhappy life. There are many other rich people, whose misery is much greater than that of those living with only enough money for the barest necessities of life. The essentials, therefore, of a happy life do not lie in money. Indeed, very many of them are things that money can never purchase. Good health is one of them and the one that we value least, until we are in danger of losing it. It is true that brave people who suffer from ill-health do surmount it and often find great happiness, but this needs great courage and all of them would admit that they would be happier with a healthy body and leading a normal life.

Like most of my fellowmen, I am a gregarious animal and therefore, love and human companionship are important factors in my idea of a happy life. Since a child, I have needed the love of my parents and the affection of my brothers and sisters. In a wider circle, the interests of my uncles and aunts and the companionship of my school friends have all contributed to my happiness. Now that I am older, I realize that I must find a loving girl to marry, who will share all my joys and sorrows, and who will provide me with a congenial home life as a refuge from the storms and stresses of the world outside. My childhood friends are being substituted for adult companions in college and in clubs, but I am still surrounded by a wealth of friendship and love, which to me are essential for happiness. I am now training to be a lawyer in our university. This subject has always interested me and since a child, my dream has been to become a solicitor and to return to my town to work and to help people there. Here again, it is essential to happiness to be trained to do an interesting, worthwhile job that absorbs all one's working attention and provides an outlet for one's abilities and energies. I like sport of all kinds, particularly basket-ball and swimming, and my idea of a happy life would include time and opportunity for these pursuits.

It would also include time to reading and for all my leisure activities and hobbies. Public service has always interested me, and so I would want to take some part in public life. What I actually do will, of course, depend on where I am living, but I shall certainly want to be an active member of my Residents' Committee and my local church. My faith too is important to me and therefore, it is essential for happiness that I should be able to live in a country, where the people walk in freedom to practice their own faiths. Singapore today, is a living example to the world, of this. People here, of many diverse cultures live side by side in peace, each contributing to the culture of the rest. All are tolerated.

This is not so in every country of the world, and when freedom of speech and of action is taken away, as it regrettably can be, then all hope of happiness goes with it. It is said, and rightly so, that happiness is the most elusive and evasive thing of all, Indeed cynics have remarked that a man can only be truly happy when he is dead. The world would indeed be a miserable place if this were so, but fortunately, the majority of us find more happiness than unhappiness in our lives. The secret of happiness perhaps lies in wanting the right things first, in working hard, in giving more than in receiving, so that eventually, we are able to achieve it. |

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Phil Lit

>Structural Analysis Of The Short Story “The Wedding Dance” By Amador Daguio

The short story “The Wedding Dance” happens in the mountains that belong in the one tribes. In that tribes they believe that they need to have a child before the seven harvest came, because they have a law that they need to follow. 

Characters Physical Description

 Protagonist: Awiyao -Husband of Lumnay, who wants to have a child. Lumnay – wife of Awiyao. Kabunyan – head of the tribe.

Madulimay – other woman of Awiyao that can help Awiyao to have a child. 

Methods Of Characterization

Indirect/Dramatic It is Dramatic because Lumnay cant have a child with Awiyao, and because of that, Awiyao has to marry someone who can give him a child. 

Point Of View: Amador Daguio write this story maybe because he already experience this kind of situation. 

Theme

The author will make this story to tell to other people that in their tribes, that wife and husband don’t have a child, the man will have a right to marry another woman. 

Exposition Awiyao is the husband of Lumnay. Madulimay is other woman that Awiyao will married. Kabunyan is the God of their tribes or the head.

Awiyao and Lumnay want to have a child, but one of them have a problem that they cannot produce a child they do all their best to have a child, until Awiyao get tired and find other solution for their problem. Complication Man vs. society, because in their tribes they have a law to follow, that a wife or husband must have a child. 

Climax 

The short story “The Wedding Dance” refers to the couple wants to have a child. The couple are Awiyao and Lumnay. Both of them want to have a child but they cannot produce their own.

So, Awiyao find another woman to solve their problem and that is Madulimay. Resolution Awiyao married to Madulimay, for them to have a child. Ending Lumnay looked for a big rock on which to sit down. The bean plants now surrounded her and she was lost among them. 

Others Story Elements

Allusion The wedding dance it refers to the couple that they cannot produce a child named by Awiyao and Lumnay. Awiyao find other solution for their problem but its to difficult to Lumnay accept that solution. Flashback Lumnay always remember the fast, so she feel lonely, at last Lumnay are disappear. 

Figurative language 

1. Simile 

The gangsas beat through the walls of the dark house, like muffled roars of falling waters. 

2. Metaphor 

The 5th paragraph in the first page, the story fire played with strange moving shadows and lights upon her face. She was partly sullen but her sullenness was not because of anger or hate. 

3. Personification 

At the 2nd paragraph in the last page, the mountain clearing was cold in the freezing moonlight. The wind began to cough and stir the leaves of the bean plants. 

4. Imaginary 

Third paragraph in the first page. The woman who had moved with a start when the sliding door opened had been hearing the gangsas for she did not know long. 

Hearing the gangsas will be auditory. Mood The mood of the short story “The Wedding Dance “is emotional and respectful. Emotional because they suffer a problem that they cannot solve without sacrificing and respectful because atlast Lumnay respect the decision of Awiyao.

Tone The characters of the wedding dance play their part very emotion, because when you observe the some paragraph of the wedding dance you already feel the sadness.

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Total Quality Pioneers Paper

Vannesa Quality Management and Productivity/MGT 449 September 13 Total Quality Pioneers In this paper, quality and elements will be defined, a description on how the quality pioneer’s use of total quality elements made the pioneer successful, explanation on why the elements of quality are useful in today’s environment, and the foresee future of quality. Quality can mean different things depending on the industry being discussed. Quality can be defined as a dynamic state associated with products, services, people, processes, and environment that meets or exceeds expectations and helps produce superior value”(Goetsch&Davis,2010). Elements important to an organization are vision, mission, objectives, customer focus, obsession with quality, commitment, continual improvement, education, and training. The elements assist organizations with creating a new foundation and maintaining a structure that may allow an organization to be successful if the elements are utilized and there is continual improvement. There are three well-known quality pioneers known for the use of total quality elements. The pioneers are W. Edwards Deming, Joseph M. Juran, and Philip B. Crosby. The United States and international countries did not warmly welcome Deming and the United States dismissed Deming as the United States believed there was little competition with international countries and his opinion was not needed. After World War II, Japan had to make a change from producing raw materials to producing consumer goods. This change put Japan up against other countries and Japan was not having much success with the new change. Japan contacted Deming for his expertise advice and was open to making the appropriate changes needed in order to be successful. The turn around for Japan was using Deming’s fourteen point structure. “The fourteen points summarize Deming’s views on what an organization must do to effect a positive transition from business as usual to world glass quality”(Goetsch&Davis,2010). Joseph M. Juran founded an institute named Juran Institute Inc which is an international leader in conducting training, research, and consulting activities in the area of quality management”(Goetsch&Davis, 2010). Juran is best known for his three basic steps to progress, ten steps to quality improvement, Pareto Principle, and the Juran trilogy. Juran advises organizations to focus their improvement by identifying and eliminating problems or sources of their problems. Philip B. Crosby is best known for his advocacy of zero defects management and prevention, quality vaccine and fourteen steps to quality improvement. Crosby has a successful background in quality, formed Philip Crosby Associates, and then spent his time giving lectures on quality related issues. Many organizations have used the pioneer’s methods and have been able to turn around their organizations. Elements of quality are useful in today’s environment because the elements give organizations specific instructions and structure in order to be successful. If organizations are willing to follow basic steps, Jurans ten step, or Deming’s fourteen steps, then an organization has a good chance at turning their current situation around and becoming successful. Quality’s future will continue as long as competition exists. Organizations will continue to utilize the three pioneer’s elements in order to maintain structure, provide quality product and service. Organizations must have a strong, clear plan set in place, and have the organizations full commitment in order to be successful. The changes cannot happen over night and organizations will need to be patient and allow the changes to take its course. The three pioneers W. Edwards Deming, Joseph M. Juran, and Philip B. Crosby have proven their total quality elements have assisted organizations in being successful. Many organizations continue to use their methods to keep their organization structured. References Goetsch, D; Davis, S. (2010). Quality Management for Organizational Excellence: Introduction to Total Quality, Sixth Edition. Published by Prentice Hall.
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Busboy and Waitress

Megan Corvette Ward English 101 1/26/10 The View from a Waitress at a Truck Stop I am a waitress; I work at the Flying J Country Market Restaurant in McCammon, ID. I have worked there for about two and a half years. My duties are to take peoples orders for food and drinks, serve it to them and make sure they are satisfied. As a waitress I’m the face of the restaurant to the customer, and if something goes wrong, my fault or not, they blame me. It takes a whole restaurant to make a table of customers happy. I am simply the one who retrieves the drinks and makes sure the food and service is to their satisfaction. Where I work once I take the customer’s order I enter it into a computer that prints out their bill and sends the order to the cook. If there are any really specific instructions to the ticket I have to tell the cooks or write on the ticket. Sometimes I forget, but four out of five times it’s the cooks fault. When another waitress takes a break or has a personal issue the other waitresses have to take care of the whole floor, this means all the tables, while the other waitress is gone. The dishwasher also plays a huge roll at the restaurant; they help keep us going with the small things that add up when you don’t have one. The things that add up that the dishwasher takes care of are the cups and little dishes we use for dressing or toast. The guests in the restaurant play a huge part in how the restaurant functions. Guests are exactly that they are guests. You treat you guest with respect and make sure they are happy, and in return they treat you with respect and thank you for all you do to make them happy. When I am working if I’m having a good day it helps sometimes, but no matter what the customers can change my mood. My guests are mainly travelers such as truck drivers; other than travelers we have the locals. More than half of the guests will treat a waitress like they are trash or something lower than them, which is mostly hurtful to new waitresses. When customers treat a waitress horribly it just makes her job harder. For example a restaurant can be a very noisy place; some people like to talk quiet and I can’t hear their order so they get mad. After they get made the customer will tend to treat you like an imbecile. One thing people think is that we spit in or somehow ruin the food we are serving them if they send it back; it’s not worth it to lose our jobs over that. As a waitress myself, walking into a restaurant to eat is a whole new experience now. I expect the server to do exactly what I would do. I am very laid back, but if the server keeps screwing things up I will talk to a manager. It doesn’t happen often in fact most of the time I leave at least a $5 tip even if I’m on a date. If it’s not enough I will slip in some extra. Being a waitress has definitely made me a stronger person not only mentally but physically too. I have learned how to read people very well, but of course only to the extent of what kind of customer they will be. This has helped me be a fake person in certain situations like family gatherings. Even though I act like a nice and sweet waitress normally if they push me too far my nice face goes away. Being a waitress can also take a huge physical toll on your body. Waitresses have many wrist and leg problems that’s one reason I’m going to school because I’ve seen what it’s done to others. Final thing is that you should treat your waitresses with more respect their job becaue is a lot harder than most people think.
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Antigone: a Tragedy

Antigone is a Greek tragedy written by Sophocles set in the Bronze Age at the dawn of day in the royal palace of Thebes. It is story of a driven young girl named Antigone who is determined to bury her recently deceased brother, Polynices, by defying the orders of the new king of Thebes’, Creon. . The definition of an Ancient Greek tragedy thought up by Aristotle explains that tragedy is “an imitation of an action that is serious, complete possessing magnitude: In embellished language, each kind of which is used separately in the different parts; In the mode of action and not narrated; and affecting through pity and fear” (Aristotle 780). Therefore, there are merely six parts to its meaning, plot, characters, diction, thought, spectacle, and melody. The most important part of the definition is the plot, the soul to the tragedy. The plot must be complete with “unity of action. ” By this Aristotle means that it must be structured as whole having a beginning, middle, and end. The next important part of the definition is character. The character defines the characters of the story and should arouse pity and fear in order to be a tragedy. The third importance part of the definition deals with thought, where something is proved to be or not to be. Diction is how the speeches reveal the character and the theme of the play. Next important part is diction and the stylistic elements of tragedy. Metaphors mainly fall under this category. Aristotle says that good use of metaphors implies and eye for resemblance. The fifth part of the Aristotle’s definition deals with chorus. The chorus she be like an actor of the play and function as a character. Most importantly, it should contribute to the emotional action of the plot. The last part of its definition explains the emotional attraction of the spectacle by the arousal of pity and fear. By the means of pity and fear, relying on the spectacle brings a sense of, not only the terrible, but the monstrous. This brings about the ending or the cleansing of the tragic emotions, catharsis. Halfway through the plot of the play is where the tragedy begins. For example when a sentry under the orders of Creon reveals to him about the burial of Polynices and the violator who took place in his burial is the part of the rising action up to the climax of the plot. When Creon asks how they knew it was Antigone, they explained everything they saw. By following the Greek law of the gods, Creon will only bury the undead whereas Antigone thinks otherwise when it comes to her dead brother. Because of Antigone’s stubbornness to follow Creon’s rule, he experiences a great deal of suffering when Creon threatens her life due to her burying her brother. She starts to realize everything she will lose in life which sums up her character as the protagonist. The speeches given by Creon and Antigone begin to reveal their true character and shows how similar their personalities. They are almost the same person personality wise given the fact that they are both stubborn and are blind to their own faults. Creon and his blindness to his sons argument is an example of this. Through the chorus shows a sense of a good girl/bad girl scenario when it comes to a sister’s rivalry and not to mention a number of sentimental scenes. Antigone’s sister Ismene tries to tell Antigone that they’re just little girls and what would out Thebes so what would make Antigone think that she could get away with doing such a thing? The chorus mainly represents the intermediate members of the play, the death messenger dancing, and singing and commenting throughout the scenes.
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Future of Rural Marketing

Future of rural Markets RURAL MARKETING-THE FUTURE OF INDIAN INDUSTRY. Indian agricultural industry has been growing at a tremendous pace in the last few decades. The rural areas are consuming a large number of industrial and urban manufactured products. The rural agricultural production and consumption process plays a predominant role in developing the Indian economy.

This has designed a new way for understanding a new process called Rural Marketing. The concept of rural marketing has to be distinguished from Agricultural marketing. Marketing is the process of identifying and satisfying customers needs and providing them with adequate after sales service. Rural marketing is different from agricultural marketing, which signifies marketing of rural products to the urban consumer or institutional markets. Rural marketing basically deals with delivering manufactured or processed inputs or services to rural producers, the demand for which is basically a derived outcome. Rural marketing scientists also term it as developmental marketing, as the process of rural marketing involves an urban to rural activity, which in turn is characterized by various peculiarities in terms of nature of market, products and processes. Rural marketing differs from agricultural or consumer products marketing in terms of the nature of transactions, which includes participants, products, modalities, norms and outcomes. The participants in case of Rural Marketing would also be different they include input manufacturers, dealers, farmers, opinion makers, government agencies and traders.

The existing approach to the rural markets has viewed the markets as a homogeneous one, but in practice, there are significant buyer and user differences across regions as well as within that requires a differential treatment of the marketing problems. These differences could be in terms of the type of farmers, type of crops and other agro-climatic conditions. One has to understand the market norms in agricultural input so as to devise good marketing strategies and to avoid unethical practices, which distort the marketing environment.

Many of the inputs used for production process have implications for food, health and environmental sectors. Rural marketing needs to combine concerns for profit with a concern for the society, besides being titled towards profit. Rural market for agricultural inputs is a case of market pull and not market push. Most of the jobs of marketing and selling is left to the local dealers and retailers. The market for input gets interlocked with other markets like output, consumer goods, money and labor.

The importance of rural marketing can be understood from the fact that today modern inputs i. e. diesel, electricity, fertilizers, pesticides, seeds account for as much as 70% of the total cash costs and 23% of the total costs incurred by the farmers in the Green Revolution areas. Further the percentages were higher at 81% and 38% for small; farmers owning 1. 85 hectars of land. Strategies for rural marketing Rural marketing in India is not much developed there are many hindrances in the area of market, product design and positioning, pricing, distribution and promotion. Companies need to understand rural marketing in a broader manner not only to survive and grow in their business, but also a means to the development of the rural economy. One has to have a strategic view of the rural markets so as to know and understand the markets well. In the context of rural marketing one has to understand the manipulation of marketing mix has to be properly understood in terms of product usage. Product usage is central to price, distribution, promotion, branding, company image and more important farmer economics, thus any strategy in rural marketing should be given due attention and importance by understanding the product usage, all elements of marketing mix can be better organized and managed.

Client and Location specific promotion Increasing specialization in the farming sector has marketers to this strategy. The marketer under this strategy has to design location and carry out farmer specific promotional campaigns. Recommending the use of the products at micro level would result in increasing productivity of the input and thereby increasing the image and the sales of the product can raise the input demand for rural markets. Joint or co-operative promotion A personalized approach is required under this strategy of rural marketing. Under this approach there is a greater scope for private sector and farmer organization to get into input supply and especially into retail distribution, as it is a low risk activity.

Bundling of Inputs In order to reap the benefits of, the economies of the scale a rural marketer has to resort to bundling of inputs. ‘Bundling of Inputs’ is the process by which the marketer would provide a bundle of products to the retailer so that he can meet the requirements of the farmers in one place. The village level co-operatives and other agencies can play an effective role in the distribution of inputs. Establishing linkages with financial agencies and other input sellers can help greatly as the bank credit plays an important role by making the purchase possible. Management of Demand A marketer apart from maintaining good supplies in terms of quality and quantity also has to focus on the demand side of the operations also. Continuous market research should be undertaken to assess the buyer’s needs and problems at various levels so that continuous improvements and innovations can be undertaken for a sustainable market performance.

Developmental Marketing Developmental marketing refers to taking up marketing programmes keeping the development objective in mind and using various managerial and other inputs of marketing to achieve these objectives. A prerequisite for developmental marketing is Development Market Research, which can be termed as the application of marketing research tools and techniques to the problems of development. The research tools of marketing like product testing tests marketing, concept testing and media testing or message test and focus groups are used in this work.

The developmental marketing has started to find its roots in India where researchers are using focus groups and products tests to learn more about rural markets and products needs and USPs (Unique Selling Proposition) can be tried out. Media Rural marketing uses both kinds of media i. e. the traditional media as well as the modern media. The traditional media includes puppetry, drama, folk theatre e. g. tamsaha, nautanki, street plays, folk songs, wall paintings and proverbs. Marketer uses traditional media because it more accessible, personalized, familiar and carries a high potential for change. The modern media includes the print media, the television and the radio USP’S (Unique Selling Propositions) Rural marketers today are trying to emphasize a point of difference in their products that cannot be matched by competitors.

Under this approach the communicator figures out what to say to the target audience so as to produce the desired results. Some of the USP’s of the companies engaged in rural marketing are given below. Mahindra Tractors- Mera Desh Mera Gaon Tafe Tractors-Grameen Bharat ki Dhadkan, Tafe ka Massey Ferguson Swaraj Tractors- Pragati aur Khush-hali ke liye Escorts- Nayi technique ke sath, Bharosa Jeevan bhar Ka Eicher-Ghazab ki takat, ghazab ki shaan Sun Seeds- Grow with Sun ICI Karate Insecticide- Keedon ka Maha-kaal, Phasal Ka Pehredaar. Pesticide India- Desh ke liye Phasal Anek, Keedon ke Naash ke liye Foratox Sirf Ek. Thus the companies use different formats to influence the target audience in order to produce the desired results. Extension Services We now that there are several limitations of Rural marketing in the Indian context, this leads to the need for extension services to supplement the efforts of the firms engaged in rural marketing. The various extension services could include credit facilities, competitions among the farmers, educating the farmers regarding the appropriate agricultural practices, etc.

Extension services would thus play a crucial role in the development of rural marketing in India. Ethics in Business. Ethics occupies a special place in rural marketing, and has been at the heart of all the transactions whether cash or kind. In order to make a lasting impact on the rural clients, the firms need to built a trustful relationship and that is possible by no other means but only by ethical conduct. Partnership for sustainability Finally there is a need to build partnership with rural clients for a sustainable business relationship and sustainable marketing relationship. There should be a long-term relationship between the firms and farmers for agro business projects, which are risky, long drawn and technical in nature.

Partnership is required in rural marketing business so as to award distributorship to local groups and individuals employing locals, staff secondment in local projects, preferential purchase of local product, training to locals and discount on product supplies in some areas. Rural marketing firms can work with N. G. O’s also because N. G. O’s have better linkages and understanding of the local communities and their problems. For instance Nagarjuna fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd has set up an agro output division which is known as FMS (Farm Management Service) which provides packages to the farmers right form soil testing to post harvest stage of the crop system. The FMS aims at enhancing farm productivity optimizing cost of production, improving economic returns to farmers and enhancing the cost of production and enhancing the produce quality. Conclusion Rural marketing in India has still a long way to go, rural marketers have to understand the fact that rural marketing in India has a tremendous potential in our country. Rural marketers should understand this fact and try to tap the huge untapped potential in our country.

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The Banking Concept of Education

Paolo Freire, a Brazilian radical educator talks about the oppression students face in the traditional method of learning, The Banking Concept of Education. According to him in this method of teaching “the contents, whether values or empirical dimensions of reality, tend, in the process of being narrated, to become lifeless and petrified. ” He accuses education to be suffering from “narration sickness” where students learn the content distancing it from reality in a very mechanical way. Therefore he proposes a Problem-Posing method of education where the students while learning from the teacher are themselves educating the teacher through constant communication. Regarding “dialogue as indispensable to the act of cognition which unveils reality”, the problem-posing method of education thrives on understanding and creativity resulting in critical reflection and then intervention by students who should then go on to transform the lives of people in the world.

Banking Model of Education

As revolutionary as the problem-posing model may sound in this article, I have mixed feelings about this whole issue as conventional wisdom has it that the Banking Concept of Education enables more content to enter the minds of students making them more knowledgeable about the topic being taught and sometimes the subject matter itself does not allow ways for effective problem-posing. I can now vividly recall my experience in my Business Studies class during junior high school year and look at it through a different perspective. The pedagogy in that class was very similar to what Freire would describe as “The Banking Concept of Education” where we as students were meant to absorb as much as we could from what was being poured onto us by the teacher, just like sponges.

As per the syllabus from Edexcel U. K our course was required to “produce students who have a sound understanding of business and who have the ability to use knowledge, skills and understanding appropriately in the context of international markets and the United Kingdom. ”- Edexcel International. What I experienced and learnt from that class was totally different though. Our teacher, a “well-educated” man in his fifties, would come to class with pages of printed lecture notes and distribute them to all the students at the beginning of each class. He would then start narrating the notes in his own words and would act, according to Freire’s words, as a depositor. We, as students, were mere objects in his class trying to patiently receive, memorize, and when necessary repeat what was deposited in us. We were primarily not “called upon to know, but to memorize the contents narrated by the teacher”. The more we stored and reproduced “facts” the less we developed our ability to learn through critical reflection, the method of authentic learning. There was very little or no true communication in class in terms of facilitating questions from students about various topics in the course.

One such example was when one student in my class asked him “Why would a country increase or decrease its foreign currency exchange rates? ”, his reply was “You are not required to know that according to your business studies syllabus, so don’t bother. Although our teacher was true his complete lack of respect for the student’s keenness to acquire some relevant additional knowledge baffled me. He had already chosen the program content and made up his mind as to what was and what wasn’t “necessary”. We as students did not have any say in it and had to accept his way of teaching, otherwise we would be “misfits” in the education system. Feature (h) of the banking concept reads “the teacher chooses the program content, and the students (who were not consulted) adapt to it. This just sums up that saddening incident during our class. Freire also states that “any situation in which some individuals prevent others from engaging in the process of inquiry is one of violence. ” The fact that he did not enable us to learn through inquiry was an act of violence regardless of the means he used for it. He denied us of the basic right of dialog and communication.

This raises questions about our status as human beings, for the fact that communication with others and our own decision making is what distinguishes us from mere objects surviving on Earth. On a different note, although we were conscious of what was being taught to us, we were never encouraged to be conscious of consciousness. In other words we would not contemplate on the authenticity of what was entering our conscience. I learned that increasing interest rates would cause inflation to reduce but was never able to discuss why and how it occurs or whether it occurs at all. Thus I was forced to look at the world from what was being taught to me, my teacher’s and the textbook’s fragmented viewpoint of reality, which took away my ability to think for my own self. Problem posing in class was thought of as challenging the teacher’s knowledge and qualifications to teach the subject. A questioning or problem-posing student was considered rebellious or arrogant. Therefore in the name of the “preservation of culture and knowledge we have a system which achieves neither true knowledge nor true culture”.

We accepted this fact and moved on to be just automatons during the length of the course. We were taught everything with only one purpose in mind – score exemplary marks in the public examination set by Edexcel. All the course content, questions for “discussion” in class were focused on getting all the “knowledge” we needed to score an A in the final public exam. Business Studies as a subject of learning the functioning of enterprises in the “real world” was not what we did seem to study. We learned all the definitions, advantages and disadvantages of certain decisions and how to answer each type of question in black and white. No places for inquisitive learning, discussion, grey areas, nothing. The more passively we learned the better “fits” we became to the class and the smarter we were deemed to be as questioning would mean we hadn’t grasped the subject with success. We could never come up with authentic thoughts of our own as critical reflection was minimal. The subject matter though stimulating was never the topic of a debate or discussion thus its attachment to reality was distanced through our learning. According to Freire true “knowledge emerges only through invention and reinvention, through the restless, impatient, continuing, hopeful, inquiry human beings pursue in the world, with the world, and with each other.

This is what stimulates authentic reflection which enables us to understand “people in their relations with the world” We were forced to look at the subject removed from its real-life existence as if it were an extinct species and we were trying to recollect as many facts about it as possible. This according to me distorts the true purpose of education which is to be knowledgeable about something and be able to put it into practice, which would then enhance the lives of fellow human beings. Freire calls this praxis, the actions through which true liberation is achieved. Freire refers to true liberation as the transformation of the world through the actions of men and women who reject communiques and embody communication. In other words through interaction and discussion with people a solution which is of greater benefit to people at large is found which when implemented enhances the lives of the people. It acknowledges the world to be dynamic and needing constant transformation and not one which is static in nature. On this note had we had a class which would have facilitated problem posing, we would have attached the subject content to the real world thus enabling us a better understanding of the material.

In my opinion a great drawback of the banking concept of education is that once the exams or quizzes are over most of the course content is forgotten since everything was stored in your head with the sole purpose of spitting it out for the exams. Due to its detachment from reality the course content is insignificant in our lives. As the exams are over our “containers” are emptied and ready to be filled by new material needed for the next session of regurgitating. In hindsight however, I feel that our teacher was not really left with many other ways to educate us on the subject. Many people regard that an interactive class would make understanding of the subject content easier, however teaching a class of thirty five, had he facilitated questions from the students and enabled discussions it would have taken forever to complete the syllabus. Quite frankly, at the end of the day getting good grades at the exams was of utmost priority.

Although we are told standardized tests are not true reflections of a person’s intelligence or knowledge its results are considered significant and life-changing, how ironic. So this is a key reason for the survival of the banking concept of education. Speaking honestly, most of us wouldn’t mind getting an A and not knowing anything about the true reality of the material than fail the course and know how it relates to the world and the people. That is how deep the importance of letter grades is inculcated into our systems. Furthermore some of the course content required it to be taught in such a way. For example it would have been interesting to discuss the possibility to regard all currencies as equal in value, but in truth it is not. Such a debate would not only have wasted time but could have caused confusion and distorted the facts about exchange rates. In a system where syllabuses are required to be followed and deadlines need to be met, effective management of time is of utmost importance.

On another note this could have caused some students to get a false perception about the topic too, distorting reality, thus it was better for our teacher to dictate the facts and for us to follow. Therefore we can say that both methods of education have their sets of pros and cons. On the one hand the teaching of facts in black and white is beneficial as it avoids confusion and in most cases it actually is in plain black or white although we would like to think otherwise. This method enables more content to be absorbed by the students making their knowledge bases wider and enable them to score better grades. On the other hand problem-posing education tries to attach reality to the content being learned which enables us to recall the content better, even after exams are over. According to Freire it also enables us to solve the problems people face with the world which truly liberates us as humans since we acknowledge that humans and the world co-exist.

When looking back at the article written by Freire, he himself is contradicting his own teachings through the tone of his article. While he believes that learning through the problem-posing method is revolutionary due to its significant contributions towards mankind, his complete disregard for the obvious benefits of the banking concept of education convinces me that he is contradicting his own thoughts about education. For example the paragraph on page 252 “Once again, the two educational concepts and practices…banking education resists dialogue…banking education treats students as objects…banking concept inhibits creativity…historicity as their starting point. ” bombards the banking concept and praises the problem-posing method. By doing this Freire is trying, although unsuccessfully, to convince the reader to endorse his way of thinking…this makes us question his actions as he is forcefully trying to fill our conscience without any regard to us being “conscious of consciousness”. This article as a whole makes me understand one thing - it is possible for both teaching methods to co-exist just like the world and humans.

This could then result in the transformation of the lives of more students, rather than just the group who would like to learn interactively or the group who would like to learn narratively. It is common knowledge that different people like to learn differently as no two people would be the same, thus an optimum combination of both methods could be the most effective education system - one where facts are taught with relation to the world and whenever possible including discussion about ambiguous topics enabling students to have a fuller grasp of content and reality. Or it could be a totally different pedagogy altogether but one thing is for sure – we cannot count on the banking concept alone nor the problem posing concept by itself to be the ideal method of teaching and learning in the modern world…

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Psychological and Moral Problem

Summary on Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem People have said that “obedience is a virtue and that disobedience is a vice,” for centuries. History of the humankind was started by an act of disobedience and it is not very unlikely that it will end by an act of obedience. Adam and Eve, being part of nature in the Garden Of Eden, had disobeyed an order. By disobeying the order they made man emerge “from a pre-human harmony and was able to take the first step into independence and freedom” as Fromm says. Adam and Eve were set free after the act of disobedience that broke the bond between nature and made man individuals. For man to become fully human and to learn all of their capabilities they had to leave the Garden of Eden. Prophets had said that man had not been corrupted by the sins but were freed by the pre human harmony. History is when man becomes human, “during its unfolding he develops his powers of reason and of love until he creates a new harmony between himself, his fellow man and nature” says Fromm. The “end of days” is what the new harmony is it’s the period of time where there is peace between man and man and man and nature. Prometheus had also did an act of disobedience, he had stolen fire from they gods and gave it to the people. Unlike Adam and Eve, he did not ask for forgiveness or repent, Instead, he said “I would rather be chained to this rock than be the obedient servant of the gods. ” Man will ruin itself if all they do is obey, they would follow hate, greed, and fear. Fromm says, “If a man can only obey and not disobey, he is a slave; if he can only disobey and not obey, he is a rebel (not a revolutionary). ” If man follows his own judgement rather then that of others then he is being “himself. ” There are two types of conscience: the authoritarian conscience which is the internalized voice of authority that we are eager to please and are afraid to displease; and the humanistic conscience which is the voice that calls us back to ourselves. People try to force obedience but it does have disadvantages like the people rebelling and overthrowing whomever is trying to force the obedience. Fromm says that “Man must want an even need to obey, instead of only fearing to disobey”, so there is no chaos and man can finally accept obedience and not just disobedience. In ending, man has lost the awareness of himself obeying and disobeying. Fromm says “At this point in history the capacity to doubt, to criticize and to disobey may be all that stands between a future for mankind and the end of civilization. ”
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WAAS: Air Navigation System

Aviation 213 Mid Term What WAAS and LAAS means for the future of air travel? WAAS, the Wild Area Augmentation System is an air navigation system developed by the FAA to Augment GPS satellites. WAAS is used to track aircraft in flight to better improve its accuracy and ability to locate aircraft within 25 ft. actual measurements of the system have shown accuracy as precise as 3 ft 3 in. laterally and 4 ft 11 in. vertically throughout most of the United States and Canada. The WAAS system has the ability to critique itself and correct problems such as incorrect signals in as little as 6. 2 seconds. The WAAS system does this by using ground segment stations that continuously measure the small variations in GPS satellites in the Western Hemisphere and route their findings to a master station that uploads the information to the satellite. The satellite in turn sends the corrected information to the aircraft where it is processed and displayed. The WAAS system when operating is expected to have reliability rating of 99. 999% meaning a downtime five minutes or less a year. The WAAS system is an extremely accurate tool for pinpointing aircraft in the sky and far exceeds the ability of radar today. In the future of air travel the WAAS system is going to change the way we do business. In the aircraft the pilot is going to be able to plot his course, pick his altitude, and route the flight with more control. He/she will be able to fly specified routes knowing accurately where the surrounding aircraft are flying within their vicinity. For example, pilots can make a safe instrument approach to any airport in the United States as well as having the ability to fly from one airport another in a straight line as opposed to flying specified flight routes. Another benefit is the ability to fly safely at low altitudes. This will not only cut down flight time it will also reduce fuel burn and have some environmental benefits. The reason this can be done is not only the GPS’s accuracy but also that the GPS is not affected by obstructions such as mountains. The aircraft will have accurate information at all altitudes and locations in the United States. As for the Air traffic controller the WAAS system will provide pinpoint accuracy on the scope that will allow the air traffic controller to fly aircraft close together safely as well as a computer having the ability to alert a controller of any possible safety issue before they happen. The biggest thing is the controller can allow pilot of an aircraft to fly in closer configuration, lower to the ground, and safely to any airport. This allows the pilot more control in the flight deck. When this system takes place in the future, air travel will be safer, faster, and more fuel and environmental efficient. LAAS is a Local Area Augmentation System. The LAAS is an all weather aircraft landing system based on real-time differential correction of the GPS signal. The system takes data from local reference receivers around the airport at precise surveyed locations. It sends this data to a central location where it is used to formulate a correction message. It is the sent to the aircraft using a VHF signal. The aircraft utilizes the corrected data against the GPS data to project a ILS-style display for the pilot. The pilot may use this information to fly a precision style approach. In the future of air travel this system will help pilots of aircraft use the LAAS system in combination with the WAAS system to make precision CAT III landings at qualified airports. The use of these combined systems will improve safety, possibly lower landing minimums and create an absolute ease of system use. As for air traffic controller this will be a tool to ease their life and with the possibility of having lower flight minimums comes the ability to get the aircraft to their intended destination. What is the upcoming deployment of the "Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast" System? The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a cooperative surveillance technique for air traffic control and related applications being developed as part of the Next Generation Air Transportation System. Instead of using radar data to keep aircraft at safe distances from one another, in the future, signals from the Global Navigation Satellite System will provide air traffic controllers and pilots with much more accurate information that will help keep aircraft safely separated in the sky and on runways. Eventually, with ADS-B, some of the responsibility for keeping safe distances between aircraft will shift from air traffic controllers on the ground to pilots who will have displays in the cockpits pinpointing all the air traffic around them, along with local weather displays.
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Western Expansion

Yuta Ogawa Segal, Samantha US History I Honors May 17, 2010 Westward Expansion DBQ Manifest Destiny was the belief that the United States of America had the destiny of expanding across North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This terms meaning has changed and been misused over the years. It was used as a justification for the Mexican War, and eventually was led to believe that it was to expand slavery. The main purpose of Manifest Destiny was not to expand the institution of slavery but of expanding economy, expanding territories, and mostly nationalism. The expansion of slavery was a mere consequence of the otherwise successful Manifest Destiny. Money runs the world. There is no doubt that acquiring resources and expanding a nation is necessary for the existence of a country. Americans realized this and was in dire need of expanding. Expanding lands offer many more resources and more room for the population. With more resources comes more wealth, which is what the expansion offered. “Across the Plains in a Prairie Schooner” by Catherine Haun (Document G) describes the “gold fever” which took over the nation. The US was in a “period of national hard times” and many moved towards California in hopes of finding gold. This supports the fact that expansion was for gaining wealth and not for spreading the institution of slavery. Immigrants came to discover new lands for many reasons including freedoms, expanding wealth, and starting new lives. When the United States was established as a country, it started to expand. This prominent new land offered many immigrants a fresh start in life. Soon problems arose and the isolated area was in brink of overpopulation. This is when the US started to expand. Life is about survival of the fittest and America is a perfect example of this. Americans saw the opportunity to expand and took it. The Natives were believed to not use the land for its full potential, which is another reason to take and use the land. The “promised land” was a beautiful land as described by the song “To the West”. (Document D) The song states lines such as “to the land of the free” and shows no signs of wanting to spread slavery. Manifest Destiny to those whom sang this song was about acquiring the beautiful “promised land” and strengthening the nation. Slavery was the unfortunate institution that followed the expansion of the US. The expansion west was inevitable and was believed it should be taken by Americans. In the “Inaugural Address of James Knox Polk” (Document I), Polk supports that Americans should expand westward and the land was rightfully theirs. Polk believed the “title to the country of the Oregon is ‘clear and unquestionable,’ and already are our people preparing to perfect that title by occupying it with their wives and children. ” The land was believed that it belonged to Americans and that is the reason for expanding, not for expanding slavery. All the acquired land during Manifest Destiny (Louisiana Purchase, Mexican War, etc) was originally free land. In Representative David Wilmot’s speech to Congress, (February 8, 1847) (Document E) Wilmot agrees that slavery follows in the footsteps of expansion like a plague. Wilmot had a hatred for slavery and slavery expanding to free land angered him. Slavery was in fact only used for sectional purposes and if slavery was planted in a state, it stripped the north from benefitting. Slavery was not originally wanted to spread, but expanding territory was wanted by Manifest Destiny. The painting “Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way” by Emanuel Leutze (Document A) shows the strong desire for Americans to expand to westward. Americans have always had this desire to expand, shown in the Lewis and Clark expeditions in the acquired land of the Louisiana Purchase. The “United States Magazine and Democratic Review” of John L. O’Sullivan wants to expand by allowing Texas into the Union and eventually expand to California. O’Sullivan believes we need to expand to better the nation for free development. This creates nationalism in readers and encourages the readers to support expansion. He says “marking its trail with schools and colleges, courts and representative halls, mills and meetinghouses. A population will soon be in actual occupation of California, over which it will be idle for Mexico to dream of dominion. ” O’Sullivan wants the population to imagine this expansion and all the possible benefits it will have to the nation, not on expanding slavery. Polk’s War Message to Congress (May 11, 1846) (Document B) shows that expansion was inevitable and also promotes nationalism. The war was started by Mexico invading American territory and shedding blood on American soil. This lead to the conclusion that the war was officially started by Mexico and America was merely defending itself. The war was inevitable and expansion was forced to happen. The Ostend Manifesto of October 18, 1854 (Document J) was considering purchasing Cuba from Spain. This purchase was promoting nationalism by expanding to even more land and gaining it from Spain. The second meaning in this is how they do not want to implement slavery in Cuba. The document states should we permit Cuba to be Africanized and become a second St. Domingo. St. Domingo was a place of slave rebellion that had strong impacts. After the purchase (which doesn’t occur), the document is suggesting not implementing slavery for the possible dangers that it could bring. Although many believed Manifest Destiny’s main purpose was to spread the institution of slavery, this was incorrect. The “Report on the War with Mexico,” (April, 1847) (Document F) by Charles Sumner shows that slavery is indeed spreading. But as shown through the Historical Congressional Apportionment (Document H), over the years of Manifest Destiny, the slave states and free states both increased, but the free states increased more than the slave states. This shows that Manifest Destiny had the ultimate conclusion of not having slavery as a main purpose. The main purpose for Manifest Destiny was not spreading slavery, but was to expand wealth, expand territories, and mostly to promote and for nationalism. The statement, “The main purpose of Manifest Destiny was to expand the institution of slavery. ” is NOT valid.
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Swot Analysis of Rcom

SWOT analysis of RCOM in 2006: Strengths: * Strong brand recognition * Well Integrated operations * Significant execution and technological capabilities * Strong distribution channel ( RWorld, FLAG Telecom ) * Unified License obtained by RCom in 8 circles Weaknesses: * Low ARPU compared to competitors * Weakness in Rural Market * Low capabilities in Ethernet and application delivery services Opportunities: * Low penetration Rates * Strategic Alliances ( FLAG) Global expansion due to resource based acquisition of FLAG * Huge GSM subscriber base (76. 67%) with economies of scale for GSM operators * Telecom policy in more in favor of GSM than CDMA * Higher ARPU in GSM sector Threats: * Increasing competition with domestic players * Decreasing ARPU due to competition * High regulation in Indian Telecom sector * Changing political scenario could change Regulations * High switching costs for customers to move to GSM Indian Telecom Industry in 2006 * India’s Telecom Network had 203 million connections Third largest in the world and the second largest among the emerging economies of Asia * One of the key sectors responsible for India’s resurgent India’s economic growth ( 1% of GDP ) * Contributed 30 percent to India’s total service tax revenue * Liberal Government policies to provide easy access to telecom equipment and fair regulatory framework * Robust growth in Tele-density (11. 4% in 2006) * Increasing preference to wireless service compared to landline ( 93 million users in 2006 ) * Increasing participation of private players. 7% share of Industry by PSUs * Great opportunities in GSM. 70% Technology market share of GSM IN 2006 * A liberal licensing scheme was set up to increase Internet penetration across the country with 10. 83 million subscribers in Dec 2006. Reliance communication had a 10. 32% subscriber base in Dec 2006 * The Government set up a Telecom Equipment and Services Export Promotion Forum and Telecom Testing and Security Certification Centre (TETC). Companies like Alcatel, Cisco began showing interest in setting up their R&D centers in India. Major players in the Market There were three types of players in telecom services: * State owned companies (BSNL and MTNL) * Private Indian owned companies (Reliance Infocomm, Tata Teleservices,) * Foreign invested companies (Hutchison-Essar, Bharti Tele-Ventures, Escotel, Idea Cellular, BPL Mobile, Spice Communications) The market share of various players on Internet and Wireless services is given in the Exhibit X below. Appendix
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Does this Milkshake Taste Funny?

Does The Milkshake Taste Funny? George Stein, a college student employed for the summer by Eastern Dairy is faced with an ethical dilemma. His co-workers don’t care about proper procedures required in ensuring that the milkshake produced during the shift is hygienic and safe for human consumption. The milkshake that is produced is usually delivered to fast-food restaurants and drive-ins. George had less than a minute to think about his choices and must decide if he is going to remove the filters from the plant's piping and, thus, allow the current production run of milkshake mix to be contaminated with maggots or refuse to remove the filters, and report the maggot problem to management. Removing the filters will save the company money, at least in the short run, and allow George's shift to go home on time. George is disturbed, however, by the thought of children drinking those milkshakes. George will behave ethically, refuse to remove the filters, and report the maggot problem to management ? Emotional intelligence: George cares about the quality of the final product and about the effects the contaminated product would have on the health of customers. This is exhibited by George’s thought of kids drinking all of the milkshakes they were about to produce. Whetten and Cameron (2007) state that emotionally intelligent people advance a sense of caring for other people by means of their emotional responses. This is evidenced as George went to the first filter joint, he felt a knot forming in his stomach as he thought of the kids drinking all of the milkshakes they were to produce. ?Good pay: Eastern Dairy wages were over twice the minimum wage George had been paid on previous jobs, and that was one of the main reasons he was interested in the position. George would not want to lose the job with the dairy because he needs the money to start a life together with Cathy. Lindner (1998) asserts that good pay is a key to higher employee motivation. George is motivated by the good pay and would like to keep his job in order to save for the day he and Cathy would start their life together. ?Overtime: With regular wages paid at Eastern Dairy, supplemented by time and one-half for eight hours of guaranteed overtime each week, George thought he could save a tidy sum before he had to return to school at the end of the first week of September. George’s immediate need is money for dating and for his car. Overtime will earn George extra money to cater for his needs. Drawing upon both need-hierarchy and expectancy theories, Latham (2007) contends that pay is important to the extent that it is perceived to be instrumental in satisfying person’s needs, and to the extent that these needs are important to the person. George will act unethically and remove the filters, allowing the maggot to remain in the mix ?George is not a high-achiever. This is shown by his apparent lack of interest to develop his intelligence and ability by going to college even though his parents can afford to support his studies. He was also taking menial jobs for four successive summers, which indicates that he is not up for a challenging job. King (1994) found out that, “high-achieving students assumed dominant roles in the undertaking of group tasks, in group decision making, and in the frequency and quality of contributions to group efforts. ” The findings also suggested that low achievers are generally passive during small-group work. George being a low achiever, he won’t challenge Paul’s decision but go right ahead and do what Paul says. ?Verbal persuasion. George’s parents used verbal persuasion to convince him to go to college. His parents motivated him to continue his education by a simple promise of a blessing to his marriage to Cathy following his sophomore year. According to Bandura (1997), “people who are persuaded verbally that they possess the capabilities to master given tasks are likely to mobilize greater effort and sustain it than if they harbor self-doubts and dwell on personal deficiencies when difficulties arise. ” This shows that Paul will do the same and persuade George on removing the filters. Paul told George that no one will know that they removed the filters, the company will save money and they will go home on time. ?Lack of supervision. George is used to being told what to do. His parents are the ones who persuaded him to go to college. He is still young and in college, not used to making decisions. Employees, no matter their task, must have the proper instruction and training to ensure that they are doing their jobs correctly, and with minimal risk of error or injury. This is also evidenced by the fact that he and Cathy had planned for Cathy to support them with her earnings after they start their life together. Supervision influences groups’ behavior towards task accomplishment. It was only when leaders’ effectiveness at different levels was considered that performance improvement occurred. Although Reich (1994) claimed that organizations are redesigning workplaces and work practices and enhancing workers’ autonomy and responsibility to tap their full potential, he admitted that such changes require organizing self managed groups into teams that strictly share a common vision. George participated in the group’s activities which included story-telling and horseplay. The rest of the night crew would probably agree with Paul and George would do the same as they have always had something in common. ?Age. Ruegger and King (1992) suggested that age is a determining factor in making ethical decisions. They concluded that, “Those students falling in the 40 plus years age group were the most ethical, followed in order by the 31–40 group, the 22–30 group and those of 21 years of age and under. ” George is in his sophomore year and according to Ruegger et al (2004), he is going to make an unethical decision hence he will remove the filters. Lack of Value: The night shift workers lacked value. Value identifies personal standards and moral judgment. When individuals lack moral judgment, they cannot adhere to strict moral conducts at work. Most especially, when they are unsupervised. The night crews supposedly led by Paul were just cutting corners. They did not clean the equipments and pipes at the end of shift. According to Anderson & Aiwa (2008), “functional theories of reputation imply that individuals’ reputations are tied to their history of behavior”. The night crew has been acting unethically by story-telling and horseplay. George also found it being fun being hit by an exploding bag containing five gallons of heavy mix. George never reported any of this to the management and he also joined the crew in the unethical acts. He is going to repeat his unethical behavior by removing the filters and not reporting to the management. ?George is a social person. This is shown by George’s major interests in life which include hanging out at the local teenage gathering place and a drive-in restaurant. He also likes the camaraderie of the night-shift operators and even joined the union at Eastern Dairy. Jones and Kavanagh (1996) assert that individuals are influenced to engage in unethical behaviors by characteristics of the situation as well as by characteristics of the individual. George will make his decision based on what he has shared with the rest of the crew, which includes unethical behavior like playing at work hence he will remove the filters. ?Affection and Acceptance. George loves romance as revealed by his notable interest in Cathy, his girlfriend. George agreed to go back to college after his parents promised to give their blessing to his marriage to Cathy. He respects his parents and values their opinion. This shows his need for ‘affection and acceptance’. Kerns (2003) states that, “Many of us suffer from another key problem – the high need for affection or acceptance. This is known as our affiliative need – to be liked and seen as a really nice person. In this vulnerable space we can become more susceptible to compromise and to bend the rules just to be accepted and liked. ” Due to George’s need for affection and acceptance, he is likely to side with Paul in order to be accepted by the rest of the people in the shift. Conclusion George decided to report the situation to the management because he noticed that the night shift workers were unsupervised, and grossly in-disciplined. They skip all safety and hygienic procedures and attempt to round up the shift early. Because of this selfish and unethical attitude, George decided to take the issue to higher authorities. George’s immediate need is money for dating and for his car. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the money and car are ‘physiological needs’ while dating is a ‘social need’. George is still young and in college with his parents and girlfriend to take care of him even if he takes sides with Paul and looses the job. He has no much need for money except for dating and his car. He has less to lose hence he decided to report the issue to the management. Reference: Anderson, C. , & Shirako, A. 2008. Are Individuals’ Reputations Related To Their History Of Behavior? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(2), 320. Bandura, A. 1997. Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control (10th Ed. ). Fifth Avenue, NY: W. H. Freeman and Company. Jones, G. E. & Kavanagh, M. J. 1996. An Experimental Examination of the Effects of Individual and Situational Factors on Unethical Behavioral Intentions in the workplace. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(5), 511. Kerns, C. D. 2003. Creating and Sustaining an Ethical Workplace Culture. Journal of Business Ethics of Relevant Information and Analysis, 6(3), 511. King, L. H. 1994. High and Low Achievers’ Perceptions and Cooperative Learning In Two Small Groups. The Elementary School Journal, 93(4), 399-416. Latham, G. P. 2007. Work Motivation: History, Theory, Research and Practice (3rd ed. ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Lindner, J. A. 1998. Understanding Employee Motivation. Journal of Extension, 36(3). Reich, R. 1994. Leadership and the High Performance Organization. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 17(2), 6. Ruegger, D. & King, E. W. 1992. A study of the Effect of Age and Gender Upon Student Business Ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 11(3), 179-186. Whetten, D. A. & Cameron, K. S. 2007. Developing Management Skills (7th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
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Hy Diaries

1. Apply your knowledge of stereotyping and social identity theory to explain what went wrong here. 

Stereotyping is the process of assigning traits to people on the basis of their membership in a social category. Stereotypes generally have some inaccuracies, some overestimation or underestimation of real differences, and some degree of accuracy.

One problem with stereotyping is that stereotypes under certain conditions, such as the degree to which they interact with people in that group. The greatest concern is that stereotyping lays the foundation for prejudice that is unfounded negative emotions toward people belonging to a particular stereotyped group. Stereotyping could aslo be partly responsible for sexual harrasment that is the unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that detrimentally affects the work environment or leads to adverse job-related consequences for victims. 

Social identity theory explains the process of self-percpetion and social perception. The theory proposes that people develop their perceptions through personal identity and social identity. Personal identity includes the individul’s unique characteristic and experiences such as physical appearance, personality traits and special talents.

Social identity refers to a person’s self-perception as memberships in various social groups. Social identity theory explains the dynamics of siocial perception such as how we perceive others.

It is a comparative process,meaning that we define ourselves terms of our differences with people who belong to groups. People tend to homogenize others within social categories. Stereotypes developing from the grouping of traits.

 2. What other perceptual error is apparent in this case study? 

The other perceptual error in this case study is the halo effect that can occurs when general impression of a person, usually based on one prominent characteristics, dissorts our perception of other characteristics of that person.

If a supervisor who values punctuality notices that an employee is sometimes late for work, the supervisor might form a negative image of the employee and evaluate that person’s other traits unfavorably as well. The halo effect is most likely to occur when concrete information about the perceived target is missing or we are not sufficiently motivated to search for it. Instead, we use our general empression of the person to fill on the missing information. Not only that, the primacy effect also occur in this case study that is our tendency to quickly form an opinion of people on the basis of the first information we receive about them. This rapid perceptual organization and intrepretation occurs because we need to make sense of the world around us. 

The problem is that first impressions is particularly negative first impressions are difficult to change.

After categorizing someone, we tend to select subsequent information that supports our first impression and screen out information that opposes that impression. Next, the recency effect that occurs when the most recent information dominates our perceptions. This perceptual bias is most common when people especially those with limited experience are making an evaluation involving complex information. For instance, auditors must digest large volumes of information in their judgements about financial documents and the most recent information received prior to the decision tends to get weighted more heavily than information received at the beginning of the audit. 

Similarly, when supervisors evaluate the performance of employees over the previous year the most recent performance information dominates the evaluation because it is the most easily recalled.

Lastly is false-consensus effect or sometimes called the similar-to-me effect, the false-consensus effect is a widely observed bias in which we overestimate the extent to which others have beliefs and characteristics similar to our own. Employees who are thinking of quitting their jobs believe that a large percentage of their co-workers are also thinking about quitting. This bias occurs to some extent because we associate with others who are similar to us, and we selectively remember information that is consistent with our own views. We also believe every one does it to einforce our self-concept regarding behaviors that do not have a positive image . 

3. What can organizations do to minimize misperceptions in these types of situations?

For this situation, one of the most obvious and widely practiced ways to reduce perceptual biases is by knowing that they exist such as diversity awareness training tries to minimize discrimination by making people aware of systematic discrimination as well as prejudices that occur through stereotyping that attempts to dispel myths about people from various cultural and demographic groups.

It can reduce these biases to some extent by making people more mindful of their thought and action. The other ways to minimize misperceptions is by improving self-awareness that more powerful way to minimize perceptual biases is to help people become more aware of biases in their own decisions and behavior. 

We need to understand our beliefs, values and attitudes to be more open-minded and nonjudgmental toward others.

Self-awareness is equally important in other ways. Not only that, they also can be use the ways of meaningful interaction that people who interact with each other will be less prejudiced or perceptually biased against each other. Meaningful interaction might occur in many of the international volunteering activities and does more than reduce our reliance on stereotypes. It also potentially improves empathy towards others that is extent to which we understand and are sensitive to the feelings, thoughts and situations of others.

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Bank of Montrial Analysis

Running head: CASE STUDY ANALYSIS Introduction The root problem of Bank of Montreal was how they could focus each and every employee on the success of the company. BMO needed to meet the needs of the 4 shareholders: BMO shareholders, customers, employees, and communities. Case Questions Identify the strengths and weaknesses of a balanced scorecard approach to performance appraisal? The first strength of the BSC approach is a focus on the company’s strategic direction. A BSC approach helps management communicate the company's mission by linking performance measures to its mission and strategy. The balance scoreboard not only gives you a better idea of your workforce, but also creates better customer service for the customers involved. The balanced scorecard makes the CEO's of these companies make sure that their businesses are running accurately and if it is not, it will reflect in their pay. Thus, a good balanced scorecard identifies many cause-and-effect relationships within the business and helps employees and managers appreciate the roles of employee and task as well as the importance of each result to the overall corporate effort. The balanced scorecard method is a form of checks and balances for a company to ensure that the needs of all four shareholders are met. Although there are many strengths to the balanced scorecard method, there are a few weaknesses. First, the balanced scorecard method might be too broad to truly judge performance. I believe that if a company deliberately tries to collect and report certain data measures then their report will most likely achieve good results. Second, I feel that BMO’s balanced scorecard puts too much emphasis on the company internally. I think that BMO should first focus on their SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) externally and then set internal performance measures that coincide with those goals. Question 2: Do you think it’s fair to base the bonus paid to BMO’s CEO on the four indexes comprising the firm’s balanced scorecard? Yes, I believe that it is fair to base the bonuses paid to the CEO on the four indexes on the balanced scorecard. If the firm had a high rating at the end of the year it meant that the company had met and accomplished the four goals. This also means the CEO did a great job of communicating his or her values down the corporate ladder. Therefore, the CEO should be rewarded on his performance. A firm is only as good as its worst employee. When BMO received a high rating it shows that the CEO demonstrated strong managerial and communication skills. Lastly, this initiative will force company CEO’s to become more involved in all the aspects of the company. The balanced scorecard makes the CEO's of these companies make sure that their business are running accurately and if it is not, it will reflect in their pay. Question 3: Do you believe that a balanced scorecard approach would be more effective for the administrative or for the developmental purposes of appraisal discussed in this chapter? First, I believe that a balanced scorecard approach is effective for both the administration and for developmental purposes of appraisal. On the other hand, the balanced scorecard approach seems to be more effective for the developmental purposes of appraisal. Identifying needs and concerns the firm’s employees far outweighs the administrative purposes. The appraisal process provides managers and employees with the opportunity to discuss ways to build on their strengths, eliminate potential weaknesses, identify problems, and set new goals for achieving high performance. (Book) This is important because it is more focused on the whole firm rather on broad aspects of it. I believe that a successful company works from the ground up. Therefore, if all the employees start to improve then the whole company will improve. References References should be on a separate reference page with citations listed and formatted per APA guidelines.
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Campus Food Services Case Study

BSB, INC. : The Pizza Wars Come to Campus —Source: This case was prepared by Dr. Brooke Saladin, Wake Forest University, as a basis for classroom discussion. Renee Kershaw, manager of food services at a medium-sized private university in the Southeast, has just had the wind taken out of her sails. She had decided that, owing to the success of her year-old pizza service, the time had come to expand pizza-making operations on campus. However, yesterday the university president announced plans to begin construction of a student center on campus that would house, among other facilities, a new food court. In a departure from past university policy, this new facility would permit and accommodate food-service operations from three private organizations: Dunkin’ Donuts, Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut. Until now, all food service on campus had been contracted out to BSB, Inc. CAMPUS FOOD SERVICE BSB, Inc. , is a large, nationally operated food-services company serving client organizations. The level of service provided varies, depending on the type of market being served and the particular contract specifications. The company is organized into three market-oriented divisions: corporate, airline, and university or college. Kershaw, of course, is employed in the university or college division. At this particular university, BSB, Inc. , is under contract to provide food services for the entire campus of 6,000 students and 3,000 faculty, staff, and support personnel. Located in a city of approximately 200,000 people, the campus was built on land donated by a wealthy industrialist. Because the campus is somewhat isolated from the rest of the town, students wanting to shop or dine off campus have to drive into town. The campus itself is a “walking” campus, with dormitories, classrooms, and supporting amenities such as a bookstore, sundry shop, barber shop, branch bank, and food-service facilities—all within close proximity. Access to the campus by car is limited, with peripheral parking lots provided. The university also provides space, at a nominal rent, for three food-service facilities. The primary facility, a large cafeteria housed on the ground floor of the main administration building, is located in the center of campus. This cafeteria is open for breakfast, lunch, and dinner daily. A second location, called the Dogwood Room, on the second floor of the administration building, serves an upscale luncheon buffet on weekdays only. The third facility is a small grill located in the corner of a recreational building near the dormitories. The grill is open from 11 A. M. to 10 P. M. daily and until midnight on Friday and Saturday nights. Kershaw is responsible for all three operations. THE PIZZA DECISION BSB, Inc. , has been operating the campus food services for the past 10 years—ever since the university decided that its mission and core competencies should focus on education, not on food service. Kershaw has been at this university for 18 months. Previously, she had been assistant manager of food services at a small university in the Northeast. After 3 to 4 months of getting oriented to the new position, she had begun to conduct surveys to determine customer needs and market trends. An analysis of the survey data indicated that students were not as satisfied with the food service as Kershaw had hoped. A large amount of the food being consumed by students, broken down as follows, was not being purchased at the BSB facilities: Percent of food prepared in dorm rooms Percent of food delivered from off campus Percent of food consumed off campus 20 36 44 The reasons most commonly given by students were (1) lack of variety in food offerings and (2) tight, erratic schedules that didn’t always fit with cafeteria serving hours. Three other findings from the survey were of concern to Kershaw: (1) the large percentage of students with cars, (2) the large percentage of students with refrigerators and microwave ovens in their rooms, and (3) the number of times students ordered food delivered from off campus. Percent of students with cars on campus Percent of students having refrigerators or microwaves in their rooms Percent of food that students consume outside BSB, Inc. , facilities 84 62 43 In response to the market survey, Kershaw decided to expand the menu at the grill to include pizza. Along with expanding the menu, she also started a delivery service that covered the entire campus. Now students would have not only greater variety but also the convenience of having food delivered quickly to their rooms. To accommodate these changes, a pizza oven was installed in the grill and space was allocated to store pizza ingredients, to make cut-and-box pizzas, and to stage pre-made pizzas that were ready to cook. Existing personnel were hired to deliver them by bicycle. In an attempt to keep costs down and provide fast delivery, Kershaw limited the combinations of topping available. That way a limited number of “standard pizzas” could be preassembled and ready to cook as soon as an order was received. THE SUCCESS Kershaw believed that her decision to offer pizza service in the grill was the right one. Sales over the past 10 months have steadily increased, along with profits. Follow-up customer surveys indicated a high level of satisfaction with the reasonably priced and speedily delivered pizzas. However, Kershaw realized that success brought with it other challenges. The demand for pizzas had put a strain on the grill’s facilities. Initially, space was taken from other grill activities to accommodate the pizza oven, preparation, and staging areas. As the demand for pizzas grew, so did the need for space and equipment. The capacities of existing equipment and space allocated for making and cooking pizzas now were insufficient to meet demand, and deliveries were being delayed. To add to the problem, groups were beginning to order pizzas in volume for various on-campus functions. Finally, a closer look at the sales data showed that pizza sales were beginning to level off. Kershaw wondered whether the capacity problem and resulting increase in delivery times were the reasons. However, something else had been bothering her. In a recent conversation, Mack Kenzie, the grill’s supervisor, had told Kershaw that over the past couple of months requests for pizza toppings and combinations not on the menu had steadily increased. She wondered whether her on-campus market was being affected by the “pizza wars” off campus and the proliferation of specialty pizzas. THE NEW CHALLENGE As she sat in her office, Kershaw thought about yesterday’s announcement concerning the new food court. It would increase competition from other types of snack foods (Dunkin’ Donuts) and fast foods (Taco Bell). Of more concern, Pizza Hut was going to put in a facility offering a limited menu and providing a limited selection of pizzas on a “walk-up-and-order” basis. Phone orders would not be accepted nor would delivery service be available. Kershaw pondered several crucial questions: Why had demand for pizzas leveled off? What impact would the new food court have on her operations? Should she expand her pizza operations? If so, how? Questions 1. How would you describe the mission of BSB, Inc. , on this campus? Does BSB, Inc. , enjoy any competitive advantages or core competencies? . Initially, how did Renee Kershaw choose to use her pizza operations to compete with off-campus eateries? What were her competitive priorities? 3. What impact will the new food court have on Kershaw’s pizza operations? What competitive priorities might she choose to focus on now? 4. If she were to change the competitive priorities for the pizza operation, how might that affect her operating processes and capacity decisions? 5. What would be a good flow strategy for Kershaw’s operations on campus to meet the food court competition?

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Field Study on Learning Environments

Mark Gregory R. Abelardo Field Study 1 Focus: School as a learning Environment Specific Task: * School Visit Look into its faculties and areas that support learning, (i. e. , library, playground, canteen). * Describe the School Environment * Prepare an observation log Learning Evidences: An illustration of a school that is supportive of learning or a “child friendly school” through any of the following: 1. A descriptive paragraph 2. A photo essay 3. A sketch/drawing 4. Poem, song, rap and others Domain: Learning Environment, Curriculum Competencies Performance Indicator: Determine an environment that provides social, psychological, and physical environment supportive of learning. REPORT: The school I was assigned to was St. Paul College of Ilocos Sur (Grade School Department). The first thing I noticed about this school is it’s cleanliness, the students practice trash segregation, a trash can for biodegradable and non-biodegradable and I can’t find a single piece of candy wrapper or any kind of rubbish on the school grounds. Paulinians do make a difference, cleanliness is next to Godliness. I can further say that the actual environment is always kept clean and is very supportive of its learners in terms of sanitation and it’s very conducive for learning. The next observation I had was the teachers who were quite patient with their students. The teachers have a very child friendly attitude but though they are they still discipline the students in a manner that is subtle. Discipline is one of the most important values a teacher must inculcate to he students; it can make or break a student. The lack of it can result to poor academic and social upbringing. Teaching discipline to students can be one of the most tedious and challenging task a teacher must go through. Therefore, I can say that teachers in this school provide a good psychological environment for the students by teaching them good values and discipline. The next part of the school I visited was its canteen because I was getting hungry and as I was going to the canteen I noticed the students were having their recess. Most of them had their packed snacks or “BAON” while some bought their snacks in the canteen. You also have to get your money change into “chits” before buying something from the canteen, me personally, I don’t get the logic why we have to get our money changed into chits to buy something inside the canteen. There is a long line of students having their money changed into chits, I think it’s a waste of time because instead of just buying their food, they have to get in line and I think it takes about 5 or 7 minutes before you can get your turn. Oh well, rules are rules, it might have a purpose and I just can’t seem to figure that out right now so I guess, I have no choice but to abide and have my money changed into chits. The food served in the canteen consist of soups/bihon/spaghetti/palabok (served only depending on the day), sandwiches, bread, and juice beverages. There is also a stall that sells MILO, a nutritious drink, a very good drink for students, something that can get them through the day. I also checked the prices of the food being sold in the canteen and I must say it’s quite affordable for grade school students. The environment in the canteen area supports the social upbringing of the students. The sight of students eating, playing and talking together peacefully reminds of the quote “no man is an island”, sometimes we also need to be with friends to gain comfort and belongingness. After having my snack I went on with my tour of the school and I checked out the library. My observation of the library is they quite have a good collection of books for the students to read and borrow. The students need to have a library card to borrow books though. I also noticed that some students are in the library during class hours so I asked one of them and he told me that he was told to go to the library to work on the project that he missed when he got absent. Overall the library in the grade school is a good environment for learning. Silence was strictly observed in the library of course. I didn’t want to disrupt the silence in the library so I went on with my tour. My next destination is the chapel; I just sat on one of the chairs to do my short prayer. While I was at it some grade school students also joined in. t’s quite amazing to see little kids with a big faith, unlike me. My observation of the chapel is it’s quite conducive to do a mass inside, I think it can occupy about forty (40) students at a time. The chapel is a place for students to be with God, so it enhances the spirituality of the students. So I guess that concludes my tour or should I say observation on the grade school department. I can therefore say that St. Paul College Of Ilocos Sur (Grade School Department) provides social, psychological, physical and spiritual environment that aims to support the growth and learning experience of the students.
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Smoking: Preventable Death

Running head: SMOKING: PREVENTABLE DEATH Smoking: Preventable Death It is 2008, my family is gathered in the hospital room listening to a doctor explain how cigarette smoking is the reason for us being here. This is a speech we are hearing for the third time. I had already watched to of my other family members die from disease caused by smoking. This two names were added to the list of hundreds of thousands of U. S. citizens that die from cigarette smoking every year.

The fear sets in and I am terrified of what might happen thinking about how precious life is. I find myself asking the questions, why are we not preventing such a preventable death? And how many will die before we do something about it? Even though tobacco companies state that it is not addictive or life threatening, cigarette smoking is highly addictive and kills nearly half of its users, over five million people a year making it the leading cause of preventable death; therefore, those who have not used cigarettes should never start and those who do need to quit to avoid becoming a statistic. In order to understand how it has come to this point where so many lives are being lost it is important to know where it all began. Ravenholt (1990) provides a history lesson on the origins of tobacco use in America. It all began with the Native Americans who would use it as a remedy for illnesses, aches and pains. Tobacco use increased in the United States during the Civil War. Immediately following the Civil War tobacco factories began to sprout up and cigarette use entered a new era shortly after with the perfection of a cigarette rolling machine. Over the next several year’s production of cigarettes increased to over a billion cigarettes a year by 1890. With more Americans consuming tobacco and cigarettes medical practitioners noticed an increase in disease and illness in its users. Awareness of the possible dangers arose with the clinical observation of prominent individuals exhibiting evidence that they had succumbed to diseases related to smoking. Over one hundred years later the tobacco industry is thriving selling billions of cigarettes every year.

This growth has caused nicotine to become the most addictive drug in the U. S. and the leading cause of preventable death, yet tobacco companies deny that their product is addictive or life threatening. Tobacco companies have reached great success and continue this path despite the awareness of the many possible dangers of cigarette use. One way they continue this success is through strategic marketing, targeting a younger population to obtain a possible long-term customer.

Tobacco companies have used everything from cowboys to cartoon characters to appeal to their target customers. After these marketing strategies were publicly criticized because they were believed to be targeting youth, tobacco agencies slowly changed their approach. However, these changes applied to the strategy and not the target audience. The American Journal of Public Health (Ellis and Northridge, 2002) states: Today’s tobacco advertising has its own distinct flavor. Gone are the cartoon characters that proved wildly successful in marketing tobacco to youths. In their place are more confusing and sophisticated campaigns, ostensibly designed to reduce the level of direct marketing to adolescents.

They nonetheless retain the cunning ability to attract young consumers through deliberate manipulation of antismoking messages. Tobacco companies still have the ability to appeal to adolescent consumers continuing a cycle of gaining customers that they are able to retain many years with such an addictive product. Ellis and Northridge (2002) go on to state, “Youths throughout the world are subjected to a barrage of images, and many designed specifically to encourage impulse purchasing of tobacco products without attention to legally required health warnings”. So, tobacco companies defend that nicotine is not addictive even though it has been proven through years of research and medical study to cause addictive effects on the brain and changes in our physiology. For those who still do not know what nicotine is the American Heart Association (2010) website provides a simple description of nicotine where it states: Nicotine is an addictive drug. It causes changes in the brain that make people want to use it more and more. In addition, addictive drugs cause unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. The good feelings that result when an addictive drug is present — and the bad feelings when it’s absent — make breaking any addiction very difficult. Nicotine addiction has historically been one of the hardest addictions to break. Many Americans attempt to quit smoking daily with no success. The addiction of nicotine continues to control its users and keep them coming back for more.

The American Heart Association (2010) also compares it to other drugs, “Pharmacological and behavioral characteristics that determine tobacco addiction are similar to those that determine addiction to drugs such as heroin and cocaine”. Nicotine’s addictive qualities ensure that users continue to use tobacco and cigarettes but are not the only reason consumers cannot avoid the temptation of “lighting up”. The unwanted side effects are the other reason that an individual that may want to quit would refrain from following through. American Heart (2010) shows that symptoms of nicotine withdrawal which includes irritability, impatience, hostility, anxiety, depressed mood, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, decreased heart rate, increased appetite, and weight gain. If any American would experience these symptoms when quitting something it would make it very difficult to quit. Nicotine’s effect on the body is not the only reason most cannot resist the urge; the psychological effects also keep many from being able to quit successfully. The eHealthMD provides details on why smoking has such powerful psychological effects stating that: The situations and activities associated with smoking, together with the smoker’s mood and psychological state at the time, also become linked with its rewards and with the relief of withdrawal. They come to serve as signals or triggers for the urge or craving for nicotine’s effects (for example, after meals, with coffee or alcohol, when meeting people, working, talking on the phone, and when anxious, angry, celebrating, or having a well-earned break, and so on). The website (eHealthMD, 2010) also shares that smoking is a learning process and in which discovering how to get the most out of the drug and its effects causes conditioning in the user.

This conditioning causes users to have several triggers causing the urge to smoke. These triggers can be nearly impossible to avoid making the possibility of quitting even more difficult. The eHealthMD website states that, “Only 2. 5 percent of smokers successfully quit each year”. Most smokers are only successful in quitting when it has finally taken their life. Many people believe that smoking does not shorten their life span by many years. These individuals believe that they will die near the same age from some other illness or disease. Smokers will on average die 10 to 15 years sooner than they would have from another illness or disease (eHealthMD, 2010). Now that you can see how tobacco companies remain one of the biggest businesses in the world, what can we do to change this fact? It is imperative that we increase the percentage of smokers successfully quitting each year. To do this you can find many resources online that can lead you to help and assistance with this goal.

Websites like www. smokefree. gov provide information and options to get you started. Now knowing that tobacco and cigarettes are addictive, many still argue that it is not life threatening.

This is believed even though Over 443,000 people die in the U. S. each year; the chart below found on the Center for Disease Control site (2009) provides details of how many deaths occurred due to the various diseases smoking can cause. [pic] More than 128,000 deaths are attributed to lung cancer caused by smoking. In fact, smoking causes more than 80 percent of lung cancer in the United States. Above The Influence is a website is a great resource dedicated to educate and make individuals aware of the dangers of cigarette smoking and overcoming other addictions. Above The Influence (2009) website states that: Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Between 1964 and 2004, cigarette smoking caused an estimated 12 million deaths, including 4. 1 million deaths from cancer, and 5. 5 million deaths from cardiovascular diseases. You may question what about tobacco makes it so life threatening. Up to 90% of lung cancer is attributed to smoking and it greatly increases the chances of heart attack or stroke (Simon and Zieve, 2009). We also learn in the Smoking (2009) report that women who have survived breast cancer have a 120 percent chance of getting it again if they smoke cigarettes.

These harmful effects and diseases are caused by the many poisins that are present in tobacco and its smoke. Tobacco smoking contains 69 chemicals that can cause cancer and over 4000 chemicals in the smoke that users inhale. The following illustration found on the New York Smoke Free (2010) website illustrates some of the harmful chemicals found in cigarettes. [pic] It is hard to comprehend how any of us would smoke cigarettes knowing that these chemicals are entering our bodies. Smoking affects our cardiovascular system, bones and joints. It increases the risk of birth defects, diabetes, heart attack, stroke, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid disease, and age-related disorders. The list could go on and on discussing the risks that smoking causes but I am still researching to find a benefit, it may take awhile. I would often attempt to encourage individuals around me to stop smoking. I now see that quitting is very important but I must also do everything I can to prevent those who do not smoke from ever starting. I often wonder how many of my friends and family would still be here if they had never held a cigarette to their lips. You have heard throughout this paper that it is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. It was on that day in 2008, my family standing over that hospital bed staring in unbelief at a person who is virtually unrecognizable now with no hair and weighing less than 100 pounds. The many times I heard my parents, mentors, and teachers tell me to never smoke a cigarette ran through my mind. I was thankful that I listened, but unfortunately my aunt did not.

The lung cancer that is slowly taking her life also took the life of two of my uncle’s years before. She passes away a couple days later, adding her to the list of family members and thousands of others lost to the addiction of smoking cigarettes. I vowed that day to do whatever I could to prevent another family member falling victim to this preventable death. This paper is being written for anyone who feels the pressure or influence to try smoking, but more importantly my 23 year old brother and others like him who have fallen victim to the addiction and smoke a cigarette several times a day. It is time for change…it is time to quit. References Above The Influence. (2010). Tobacco Facts. Retrieved June 15th, 2010 from https://www. abovetheinfluence. com American Heart Association. (2010). Nicotine Addiction.

Retrieved July 17th, 2010 from https://www. americanheart. org Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Tables, Charts, and Graphs. Retrieved from https://www. cdc. gov EHealthMD. (2010). What is a Smoking Addiction?. Retrieved July 16th, 2010 from https://www. ehealthmd. com Ellis, J. (2002) Tobacco and the media. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 895. Retrieved July 17th, 2010 from https://www. ajph. aphapublications. org New York State Smokers’ Quitline. (2010). What is in a Cigarette?. Retrieved from https://www. nysmokefree. com Ravenholt, R. (1990). Tobacco’s Global Death March. Population and Development Review, 16(2), 213-240. Retrieved from EconLit with Full Text database Simon, H. , & Zieve, D. (2009). SMOKING. Smoking, 1. Retrieved June 14th, 2010 from MasterFILE Premier database.

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Alice Seabold Book Report

OPENING STEATEMENT I read the book the lovely bones. turns the idea of death and murder upside down. Lovely bones is a serious and compelling read that touches the heart. What touches us is the way the author keeps us fascinated with the murder, the family, and the life of a 14 year old girl, Suzie salmon, after her death. NARRATOR The book is written in the perspective of Suzie herself as she watches her family from her heaven. Even years after her murder, Suzie watches these people, wishing to guide them, to touch them. But she can’t. She can hear them, see them and know what their thinking but she can’t contact them. She watches as their lives drastically change. She watches her family go through hard times and pain without being able to help them. But Suzie’s inability gives her great personal and emotional growth durring the book. She is portrayed as an average teenage girl at the beginning of the book, but she undergoes transformations and finally begins to mature and grow up towards the end of the book. "I did begin to wonder what the word heaven meant. I thought if this were heaven, truly heaven, it would be where my grandparents lived.... I would feel only joy and have no memory, no cornfield and no grave". Suzie learns better understanding of what death is and learns to let go of her own. CHARACTERS For Suzie’s family the event of her death is like a silent explosion, breaking her loved ones apart, and tossing them into an emotion, wreck they didn’t anticipate or dream they could experience. Suzie’s father was devastated by her death, and becomes obsessed with finding her killer. Her mother emotionally releases herself from the family, and uses it to escape her own life. Suzie’s brother, from who the murder is kept from for years, hones a streak of anger and Suzie’s sister seems to internalize the violence, "reshaping her life around it, in the way an oyster uses a grain of sand to make a pearl. " CHARACTERS There are others too, a girl Suzie knew, Ruth, who becomes focused on the killing and sort of bonds with it. The boy with whom Suzie shared her first kiss. The police man who investigates the murder and becomes involved with the mother. he boy samual that lindey becomes involved withand keeps her strong. Even the killer himself, a creepy man obsessed with sex, death and bones, keeping remnants of his horrible acts. Plot On December 6th 1973 in a Pennsylvanian suburb, Suzie salmon takes as short cut home from school. George Harvey, a neighbor who lives along and builds dollhouses approaches her, and convinces Suzie and her curious nature to enter an underground den that he built. Inside the rapes and murders her, then dismembers her body. An elbow, the only part of Suzie ever found, is left behind accidentally as he returns home. He disposes of the body, putting the dismembered pieces into a safe and dropping the safe at a local sinkhole. Suzie’s sprit unwillingly flees toward her heaven. Suzie is reported missing and the salmon family hopes that she will come up. The salmon family is reluctant to accept Suzie has been killed, but it unconsciously sinks in when her elbow is found by a neighborhood dog, and the toque her mother had made for her is found in the cornfield. Neighbors, including Mr. Harvey are questioned, the police find him odd, but see no reason to suspect him of the murder. Jack salmon Suzies father, later becomes suspicious, and beings to obsess and stress that Harvey is the murderer. A boy from school is suspected because of a love letter found for Suzie written by him, but his alibi is obviously strong and thoughts are dropped. Suzie’s sister Lindsey eventually comes to share theses suspicions. Buckley, Suzie’s younger brother, too young to understand what has happened, holds onto the memory of her sister knowing somehow that she is not coming back. Jack, consumed by guilt over not having protected his daughter, remains on extended leave from work, and tries to cope as he increasingly isolates himself at home, and from his family. Late that summer the detective, Len fenerman, comes to tell the family the police have exhausted all leads and are dropping the investigation. Jack later loses it and believes Harvey is in the cornfield and runs out to confront him with a baseball bat. It ends up being two kids from school, but before knowing this, jack tires to attack and instead himself gets hurt and ends up in the hospital for knee replacement surgery. With this, Abigail, Suzie’s mother begins an affair with the detective Len fenerman. Still suspicious Lindsey sneaks into Harvey’s house, and ends up finding a sketch of the underground hole, but leaves quickly as Harvey returns home. Recognizing posing danger Harvey leaves and becomes somewhat as a drifter. With this his land is bulldozed, findings of a coke can with both Harvey’s and Suzie’s fingerprint finally places him as the official suspect in the case. Although he is long gone. That fall another one of his murder victims is found, in Connecticut ith a charm off of Suzie’s bracelet nearby. The charmed is later linked to Suzie, and as more evidence is uncovered Harvey is realized as a serial killer who prey on young girls. Following this, in the winter Abigail leaves her husband and family. She moved to California to escape and finds a job in a winery. This results in her mother grandma Lynn, moves into the home to help care for Buckley and Lindsey. Later years, Lindsey becomes engaged to her boyfriend Samuel heckler. Returning home from graduation. Sometime after the return home and after celebrations, jack suffers a heart attack. The emergency prompts Abigail to return home. The reunion is somewhat sullen, from buckles lingering bitterness, for her abandonment. When Harvey returns to explore his old neighborhood, he drives by the sinkhole where Suzie’s body rests. Ruth Coners and ray Singh are there at that point but don’t notice his car pass. Ruth an old classmate, who had felt Suzie sprit the day of the murder senses something and becomes overwhelmed. Suzie watches from heaven is also overwhelmed, and somehow Suzie connects with her and the exchange positions. Ray senses Suzie’s presence, now in Ruth’s body, and takes advantage of the face that Suzie’s back for the time being. Both knowing their love for each other end up making love before Suzie returns to heaven. Eventually Suzie moves on, still watching events from earth from time to time and watching her family. She sees her sister’s new baby, Abigail Suzanne. Finally She watches as her killer finally dies. One day behind a diner Harvey approaches a young woman and attempts to speak to her. Suzie notices the icicles on the roof, and after the woman leaves watches as one falls, ultimately killing him. LINDSEY Lindsey salmon, Suzie’s sister, is one of the family member who attempts to suffer in silence, she wills herself to be strong for everyone else, especially her little brother. Yet her pain s obviously deep and her burden grow as her similarities to Suzie, make people see only the bloody body of her sister. Worse still her mother has shut her, as well as the rest of the family out, directly lies to her, and then leaves. She become the crutch for her brother to lean on, and tries to help her father regain his will to live, but cannot do so. Although Lindsey is strong throughout the book lives the life Suzie never had and it continuously binds her to her dead sister. She tries to help her father prove who they believe is the killer by breaking into his house and finding plans for the underground room he had killed Suzie in. Although Lindsey has many talents, which Suzie was always jealous of, after the death she I known as the sister of the dead girl and tried hard to break free of the past to become herself again , whilst still keeping the memory of her sister alive.... your the other salmon girl right? ". Said the neighbor in the book, Leaving some dramatic irony because we know, he is the murderer. JACK Suzie’s father jack , feels enormous guilt after the death of his little girl, he is devoted to her memory, and actively seeks her appearance and his memories of her in his other children. He is also faced with the loss of his wife Abigail, who leaves the family to resolve her own issues. Jack then has to rely on being the soul caretaker of his two remaining children and bearing the burdern of the loss of two of his loved ones. Jack also begins to obess over the killer, whio he belives is their neighbor George Harvey. Jack continues to insist to police that Mr harvey had something to do with his daughters dissapearence, but through leads and questioning he is not suspected until later in the book when it is too late. Jack ends up in the hospital twice throughout the book, once when attempting an attack on George Harvey, in the cornfelild that endedup in himself being injured and his attack on the wrong person. The second time later in the book because of a heart attack after beliving he saw suzie’s presence next to him. ABIGAIL SALMON throughout the book suzies mother Abigail grieves several things: the loss of her daughter, the collapse of her family and she grieves the life she never had the opertunity to live. She is profoundly uunhappy even before the tremendous pain of her daughters death to witch she tried to overcome. she begins to become selfish and unfeeling then withdraws herself from the family after having an affair with the decective investigating suzies case. In the end she reconises her faults and returns to attempot to rectify for her family. She is able to let go of suzie and walk away from her childish dreams. BUCKLEY As the little four year old brother of a murdered sister, he might have been depicted as just a kid who doesn’t understand what has happened. However, the author shows him as very wise child who not only depends on his father and Lindsey, but watches over them as well. He sees and talks to Susie and he holds her in his heart just like everyone else. The things he does in the book seem to help him but ultimately he does them for his sister and her memory. He saves the little, old shoe from the Monopoly game, because it’s what represented her, he plants a garden just for her. He still holds a grudge against him mother for abandoning him and the family he hones anger and hates his mother for a long time, because she left the family in a desperate time. But in the end, he too is ready to accept what has happened in the past and let it go. RUTH "and then as quickly as the rain had started, it ceased. Sun came through the branches of the tree above her, and Ruth looked up past them. "i think she listens," she said, too softly to be heard". Ruth is a young girl, somewhat of an outcast among the school, and after feeling Suzie’s sprit leave her body when she died, she begins to become fascinated. This has a profound impact on Ruth who spends the rest of her life seeing other girls and women who have been murdered. she records the deaths and sprits when and where she sees them. She wants to do it for Suzie and protect others from the same fate. ? Novel is filled with deep sorrow with the salmon family grieving over the death/ loss of their daughter and sister Suzie salmon. Insite into families dealing with grief. Lasting impression While the subject of lovely bones is depressing, it never comes across that way. "The book lovely bones comes across almost like a narrated photo album the description the author lays out, presents itself as carefully selected photos. " Almost like a narrated photo album the description the author lays out, presents itself as carefully selected photos. The word used in her writing makes the book a very describitive read it makes it good for someone looking for an easier read, while understanding the meaning of the book as well. But the novel is appropriate for an audience who can understand the complexity of the feelings, her style of writing creates. The creative and descriptive writing contributes to the overall mood of the novel and the dark content plays a part in the tone, as well as the rough times, and trials Suzie’s family goes trough. AUTHOR Seabold is well known for her novel lucky, which addresses the topic of rape as shown in lovely bones. "This novel as well as Seabold’s other novel lucky, shines a light on the personal struggles Seabold faced after herself being beaten and brutally raped during her first year at university. It addresses real life horrors and issues concerning death, murder, suspicion and rape. She made such a real and believable character because of her experience, there was no need to create a mindset of a rape victim, because she already knew the feelings that occur from being a victim. ANTAGONIST On the surface, the antagonist is Mr. Harvey. After all, he is a serial killer with deep emotional problems. He is a danger to any young girl or woman whom he seeks to "free from her horrible life. " However, another antagonist lies much deeper: grief and the guilt that partners with it. The Salmon family is not so much in a battle against the murderer of their daughter, And sister. In fact, they are at war with themselves and each other as they try to come to terms with the tragedy that has befallen their family. This war lasts eight years, until all involved have experienced every step of their grief, including Susie. IRONY Another element that is important to note is irony - when something happens, or is seen, or is heard that we may know, but the characters do not, or that appears opposite of what is expected. In this novel, irony often makes us stop for a moment and have that "What if? feeling about the characters. Some examples of irony include: 1. ) Mrs. Flanagan’s remarks, "What do you have in here? A dead body? " when Mr. Harvey brings her the safe holding the actual body of Susie. She doesn’t know what the reader knows. 2. ) Mr. Salmon turns to his daughter for comfort rather than him comforting her, this, in spite of the fact that he feels guilty for not protecting Susie. 3. ) Mr. Harvey uses his victims’ names to refer to his imaginary wife. 4. ) Mrs. Salmon turns to inanimate objects for comfort - cigarettes, counting china and silve - rather than her family. 5. Jack Salmon envies a boy he has never met - Ray Singh - because the boy had done what he wishes he had done: tell Susie he loved her. 6. ) Ruana Singh is beautiful and sophisticated, but she tells Jack Salmon that if she were in his place, she would kill Mr. Harvey when the time was right. This is so opposite to the appearance she presents that it becomes ironic. 7. ) It’s ironic that Susie still believes rescue is possible, but she was unable to rescue herself. 8. ) Susie is in Heaven, but is still unhappy and feels alone. 9. ) Susie’s first sexual experience was so horrific while Lindsey’s is so loving. 0. ) It is ironic that Jack goes into the field to kill who he thinks is Mr. Harvey, but is attacked himself. 11. ) It is Lindsey, the child, singing a song of comfort to her father, rather than the other way around. 12. ) Mr. Harvey leaves his house to stalk other children and this is when Lindsey is able to enter that house to get evidence which might convict him. 13. ) Susie’s mother tells her one summer night that she looks invincible, but later Susie is murdered. 14. ) Samuel and Lindsey are looking for shelter from a storm and find the house of their dreams. 15. Jack comes to the same realization that Susie did when she saw the mysterious face of mother and took her picture: her mother was unhappy in her marriage and Jack didn’t see it when his children did. 16. ) Ruth is fascinated with places like the sinkhole and feels the need to see it one more time with Ray before it is filled in. This is Susie’s burial place even though they don’t know it. 17. ) Just when she is warring within herself over her desire for her father to die, Susie meets her long-dead grandfather and finds the comfort she needs to move away from that thought. 8. ) Buckley’s seeds - symbols of rebirth and a new beginning - trigger a heart attack that may actually mean death for Jack. 19. ) Susie had been afraid, as a little girl, that the sinkhole would swallow her and then it really did when Mr. Harvey buried her there in the iron safe. 20. ) It’s ironic that Susie’s charm bracelet is finally found when it’s no longer needed, not even by her. 21. ) Mr. Harvey’s death comes about because of the best murder weapon in Susie’s mind: the icicle, which she hoped Samuel and Lindsey would use for The Perfect Murder project.
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Summary of Good to Great

Summary of Good to Great “Good to Great”, the phase itself looks quite simple; however, in this book, it reviews us there is many multiple steps, and that require us to use our utmost efforts in order to achieve it. The main purpose is to find answer about how good companies to be great companies and how well of those companies after achieving. To deeper understanding, this paper provides a summary of the core concepts of each chapter as following. Why do we need to have a great enemy? In the book, it introduces the ideas that good to great concept can applies to any organization; for example, a good school to be a great school. Every human wants to be great rather than to be good. This concept, “Having a great enemy”, helps any organization see rooms for improvement, point out the comparison to perform better, and even just light up the idea of getting better.

The book studies eleven companies for 15 years in becoming good-to-great companies and compares the performances to the competitors in their fields. The author, Jim Collins, uses his collecting data and applies them to provide the certain results. What is the leadership style in a good-to-great company? Obviously, Level 5 leader are found in every studied companies. The level 5 leader is the person who the combine humility and will. The leader has a view to bring in the success.

Moreover, that person has a will to create something great to lift the organization up to the top. Most executives from good-to-great companies also points out luck is the factor driving the organization to the success.

This action means the level 5 leaders are humble, and they will not say they make their organizations successful. The key point is every single person has ability and attitude that can become a level 5 leader, and it is worthwhile to give our efforts to achieve that. A good great team is essential for any good-to-great company. Who is the right and appropriate people taking responsibilities and cares on business activities? This is the certain first question should be promptly asked rather than raise the question what the strategies, products, or directions that companies will go through. Creating teamwork basis, it also helps any organization to avoid negative impacts on having alone commanding head in the top. Furthermore, it is more significant in terms of management to establish mind set of high quality and diligent to the team. The tips are finding someone that you surely are good fit to your organization, firing someone who is not matched, and give opportunities to them.

The great company should call any good decision in the right time, and the good decision is made from the fact. The good-to-great companies must confront the reality where they do businesses. In the good-to-great company, it is important to create the climate of truth in the workplace. Without the truth, the top management will be reported something is not useful, and it may be too late for them to fix that certain problem. Four basic principles to create the climate of truth are leading with question, not answers, encouraging the level of debate, giving clear investigation, not to blame, and establish red flag function in order to capture everyone eyes. Additionally, the leader in the good-to-great company should think how to choose and get right people to face the brutal fact in the reality. By doing this, we do not have to waste the time on motivating them. The right people will be self-motivated and know how to act on the implications associated to the fact. The Hedgehog concept – is a simple concept that states having one big important thing to focus is better than having many things to focus. In order to identify your own hedgehog concept by using the three circle concept – circle one is what you are passionate, the circle two is what area you can generate money, and the last circle is what you are the best at. The intersection point of all three circles shows the area that you should concentrate. Moreover, in the economic term, great-to-good companies view the area they are specialized on profit per x by which they will focus on. Passion is also one main component that people need to have in contributing to become a great company, and people perceive this from doing things.

Furthermore, since the hedgehog concept is the iterative process guided by three circle, the useful method that help drive the process is using the council. The council acted by the right people who engage in the debate on significant issues and decision confronting organizations. The good-to-great company has a team of right people who help each other create the culture of full-self disciplines along with three circle explained above. Those disciplined people take disciplined actions resulting in less hierarchical organizations. The right people are self disciplined that help organization avoid of many conflicts while the company is growing.

For example, if you fit the wrong people in the position to perform a certain job, they need a set of rules, directions, and procedures to control and guide them in order to avoid some problems. This creates the hierarchy and makes the company stop at as a good company. Furthermore, the useful approach to create disciplines is creating “Stop doing” lists. They points out the many unnecessary things that interrupt the improvement of the organization. With the technology, we can say it supports the great company to have the ability to adapt and survive. It enhances the company’s performances. The great companies mostly use the technology as the tool to increase their power and leverage. Technology is not a change agent at all, but it acts as an accelerator.

Notably, to become good-to-great company, those companies initiate transformation by their own – not by the rise of any new technology. All they do for the technology is just pick the right one from the basket at the right time and apply them with their three powerful circles.

The flywheel and the doom loop represent both positive and negative forces accordingly. In the flywheel perspective, it requires a time to do consistent working efforts. The process of transformation of the good-to-great companies does not happen within a short period of times, as Rome was not built within one day. The change from good to great companies is based on sustainable transformation process. With hard working, the process is taken slowly but steadily and repeatedly creates the right momentum to put the good companies to be great. On the other hand, the good companies follow the doom loop perspective. They hope with its sudden and clear direction will strengthen the entire organizations such as urgent acquisition. However, because of too rushing, the good companies will fall in the wrong direction and never achieve the greatness.

The good to great articles is the beginning for the good companies to obtain the great result. Therefore, in order to endure as the great companies, build-to-last concept is required. The great companies that endure in the real business world consider their business activities in terms of values, uniqueness, and distinguishing cultures rather than of money. This makes them survive and last long the in tough environments. Moreover, there is the concept of Big Hairy Audacious Goal (BHAG) in Build to Last study. This concept should be considered and combined carefully with the full understanding of three circle of the Hedgehog concept. By doing this, it will help any good but not great companies avoid the pitfall of BHAG – a set of brave goals that allow and encourage any companies to defined a clear strategic visions or goals; however, there are certain risks needed to take.

All in all, is the greatness essential for every one? My answer is “No”. In my opinion, it depends on what people want to be and need to have. It can be the case that I satisfy what I am doing, I do not want to change to gain more money, and I can live with the sufficient economy. However, since becoming great is not harder than becoming good, it could be the enthusiastic way to try practicing. If you think that putting the fresh red cherry on the top of the ice cream sundae is easy and makes your ice cream look more delicious, so finding the motivation and inspiration for good to be great is not that difficult either.

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Sharon M. Draper

Mrs. Freeman Honors English 10 23 September 2010 Book Report: November Blues My book is November Blues written by Sharon M. Draper. It was published in 2007, also by Sharon M. Draper. I obtained this book from the high school library. In the book November Blues the main characters are all kids and they’re names are November Nelson, Josh Prescott, Dana, Olivia, and Jericho Prescott. November Nelson loses her boyfriend to a pledge stunt gone wrong, and he leaves a little peace of him behind, two months after Josh’s death November finds out that she is pregnant with Josh’s baby. Josh Prescott is November’s boyfriend who dies in the pledge stunt gone wrong, and the father of her baby. Dana she a very popular girl everybody likes her; she is one of Novembers best friends and is the first to find out that November is pregnant. Olivia is a quiet girl, over weight, gets picked on a lot until she met November in the bathroom, when November first found out she was pregnant. Jericho Prescott is Josh’s Prescott’s best friend and cousin. He was also in the pledge with Josh when Josh was doing the stunt and it went wrong, after his cousin died he stopped playing the trumpet and started playing football to get out the anger and pain. The setting of the book is in Cincinnati around the Spring time, at November’s house. November is just now figuring out that she is pregnant after taking a test and is unsure what to do next. Considering the fact that her boyfriend is dead she didn’t know how she was going to tell his parents or even tell her own mom. This setting is important to the story because in introduces the reader to the main complication in the book. Also, gives a glimpse into the theme of the story.
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