Nuts, bolts and washers are used in all joinery work in domestic and industrial applications. Nuts are threaded holes that work with threaded bolts to fasten hardware. Bolts or screws are cylindrical rods having helical threads and a head; used standalone or with a bolt for positioning and fastening. Washers are thin, round plates of metal or plastic, with a hole for the fastener to go through.
About nuts and their types
Nuts and bolts hold together materials by forming a tight hold due to their interlocking threads, part compression and stretching of the bolt. Nuts and bolts are matched by their proof strength that is measured by the ISO property class. To circumvent loosening due to vibrations and torque, nuts can come with locking features such as nylon wires, adhesives, oval shaped threads, and so on. These nuts are called locknuts or prevailing torque nuts. They come in various shapes but the most common is hexagonal. The following is a list of common types of nuts:
acorn nut (cap nut)
Allen nut (internal wrenching nut)
barrel nut
blind nut (Rivet nut)
cage nut
castle nut
clinch nut
clip-on nut (J-nut)
collar nut (flange nut)
coupling nuts
cross dowel nut
crushed nuts
hex nut
insert nut
lug nut
machine screw nut
nut-type MJT
panel nut
PEM nut
Plate nut
self-aligning nut
slotted nut
split nut
square nut
staked or welded nut
swage nut
T-nut (tee nut)
Thumb nut (knurled nut)
T-groove nut (T-slot nut)
weld nuts
well nuts
wing nut
Types of lock nuts:
aerotight nut
autolok nut
Clevelock nut
castellated nut
conduit lock nut
distorted thread lock nut
centerlock nut
elliptical offset lock nut
toplock nut
flex locknut
interfering thread
tapered thread nut
jam nut
jet nut (J-nut)
KEPS nut (K-nut)
nylon plate nut
polymer insert nut (nylon)
serrated face nut
serrated flange nut
Stover lock nuts
speed nut (Tinnerman style or sheet metal nut)
split beam nuts
two way reversible locknuts
About bolts and their types
A bolt is composed of a shank that is partially or fully threaded, and may or may not taper; and a head that is usually larger than the body of the bolt. Most bolts are driven into a material, but there are exceptions. Bolts usually have right handed threads, except where they can be subjected to anticlockwise forces. Bolts are made of metals - stainless steel, alloys, titanium; or plastic - Teflon, nylon. The shape of screw heads varies - pan, button, round, truss, flat, oval, bugle, octagon, hexagon, cheese, fillister, mirror screw or headless. Drive designs on the screw heads also vary - single slot, cross-head, square, hex, Torx, Pozidriv, Supadriv, tri-wing, double hex, Bristol, combi-head drives and more. Common types of bolts or screws are:
coach screw
concrete screw
deck screw
dowel screw
drywall screw
lag bolt
particle board screw
screw eye
self-drilling screw
sheet metal screw
wood screw
breakaway bolt
button socket cap screw
carriage bolt
cap screw
eye bolt
elevator bolt
flange bolt
flat socket cap screws
hex bolt
hex head cap screw
machine screw
metric flange bolt
plow bolt
security screw
self-tapping machine screw
set screw
shoulder screw
stove bolt
stud
tap bolt
TC bolt
thumb screw
toggle bolt
hanger screw
hold and drive bolts
super bolt
thread rolling screws
waisted shank bolt
About washers and their types
Washers are used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener to prevent brinelling; for spacing; as spring and wear pads, locking devices, preload indicating devices; and for the prevention of galvanic corrosion. They come in various sizes. Following are the main types of washers available:
anchor
Belleville
bimetal
bit guard
countersunk washer
crush washer
fender washer
flat (normal and hardened)
helical spring washer
internal-external lock washers
multi-tooth (star)
phenolic
pop rivet backup
plumbing
shoulder
spherical
split lock
spring
top hat
torque
washer nut
wave
Nuts, bolts and washers have a place in almost all mechanical, manufacturing and engineering processes. It is important to select the right fasteners and washers for the job as these simple pieces of metal or plastic play a vital role in reinforcing structures and materials.
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Nuts bolts and washers. (2017, Jun 26).
Retrieved November 5, 2024 , from https://studydriver.com/nuts-bolts-and-washers/
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