Market-based Instruments and Forest Management
INTRODUCTION Tropical deforestation became global issues in the early 1980s to be argued in the North for taking global action against its effect (Smith-hall et al., 2012). According to Wunder, S. (2000), the broad version of deforestation highlight not only forest conversion (the elimination of trees and shifts to other land uses), but also different types of degradation that reduce forest quality (density and structure, ecological services, biomass stocks, species diversity, gene pools) and not surprisingly, biologist, ecologists, and conservationists […]