The Manifest Destiny – Immense Step Towards the Great Nation

The Manifest Destiny was a very important movement for the creation of the early united states and an immense step towards the great nation that was starting to form during the 1840s. This title was mostly given by reporters who started seeing this. The Manifest Destiny, meaning that America's destiny was the great expansion through the North American continent from East to West, was a series of purchases. The first three in the 1840s which includes The Texas Annexation in 1845, The Oregon Country in 1846, and The Mexican Cession in 1848; followed by The Gadsden Purchase in 1853. Even though these purchases define what the Manifest Destiny is, it could not have been accomplished without the thoughtful farming inventions that help maintain the economy of the new territories.

The Texas Annexation was one of the first steps towards the expansion westbound. When U.S. President James K. Polk was in his tenure, he oversaw the amazing territorial stretch that has become part today. He set forward his vision by accomplishing the annexation of Texas, negotiating with Great Britain the Oregon Treaty in 1846, and concluding the Mexican-American War in 1848 with the signing and ratification of The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo in 1848. After Texas' victory against Mexico for independence in 1836, President Martin Van Buren stopped its actions annexing Texas because of war threatened by Mexico. While the United States gave recognition to Texas no action was taken until 1844 when President John Tayler started negotiations with the Republic of Texas again. With his exertion, he led up to the Treaty of Annexation on April 12, an occurrence that provoked Mexico loose relations with the United States. However, President Tyler could accumulate enough votes to be able to ratify The Treaty of Annexation. President Tyler attempted it again but by a different way which was using both houses of Congress called a joint resolution. Using the encouragement of President-elect Polk, he achieved to pass the joint resolution on March 1, 1845, and Texas finally was drafted into the United States on December 29th.

The Oregon country was a vast territory in the northwest fragment of the present-day United States between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. During the late 1810s around the year, 1818, Britain and the United States agreed on sharing Oregon, which meant that both citizens of the two countries were able to utilize that land and settle. As normal, citizens from both the United States and Britain started settling for distinct interests. The British became attracted for the great opportunity of fur trade from the mammals living in the area. Whilst the Americans were engrossed by the large area and the availability of starting farms/large settlements or came to be missionaries. The fur trade started to become less and less profitable once the Americans started to outnumber the British in the 1840s. By that time, American expansionists, including President James K. Polk, started to want the territory for themselves and were willing to end the joint occupation between them and Britain. Britain pressured by the overly outnumbered population agreed to negotiate the cancelation of this agreement. The two countries started to arrange negotiations by the summer of 1845. Having said that every new state would become a free state, many anti-slavery northerners were in favor of obtaining as much land as they could because of the need and their wish to end slavery. America first negotiated on acquiring barely half of the territory, dividing the land at the boundary figured at the 49th parallel. At first, Britain declined this offer, but the Americans said they were willing to fight for this great land, using the chant Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!. This chant was referring to the line separating the northern boundary of the land. Needless to say, the southern pro-slavery congressmen specifically were against fighting a war with Britain over the Oregon territory. Even though the United States did not have full support from its citizens, Britain wanted to avoid a war over the matter, so the two countries finally agreed on the division on the 49th parallel in 1846. Oregon Country would become present-day states of Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, and contain fractions of Wyoming and Montana.

Concluding the addition of Texas into the United States in 1846, a debate between the boundary line of the United States and Mexico started. Ignoring that the starting boundary line was in the Nueces River, the United States stated that the boundary line should really take place in the Rio Grande. After American troops disregarded a command to retreat to the Nueces River from the Mexican Army, a battle commenced. With Congress having knowledge of this three weeks later, Congress declared war on Mexico. Fighting resumed for over a year and concluded in 1847. Finally, both countries, Mexico and the United States, signed the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo in February od the year 1848. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ceded Texas to the United States named as a state and gave about half of the territory that was held by the Mexican population for a total of fifteen million dollars. The treaty also gave former Mexican citizens to stay, become American citizens and keep their land, but it was not really enforced. Decades that had come, this agreement was violated; businessmen, farm owners, and railroad companies took away about 20 million acres from these Mexican-Americans that were promised their rights. The Mexican Cession covered what would be later California, Utah, and Nevada, well enough covering strips of Colorado, Arizona, Wyoming, and New Mexico.

Although the Mexican-American war had been terminated in February 1848 by the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, the two countries of Mexico and the United States still had disagreements with each other and carried a tension for the following six years. Mexico and the U.S fought over Mesilla Valley, they both affirmed that it was part of their countries. The government of Mexico had been receiving attacks from Native Americans in the region and were requesting economic compensation for the damages caused by such attacks because, as said in the Treaty, the United States said that they were going to protect Mexico from those attacks; nonetheless, the United States denied this monetary compensation stating the fact that they had never agreed on economic compensation, but only protection from these Native American attacks. The purposeful intentions of American citizens to set foot in Mexico and encourage rebellions for the product of attaining land intensifying tensions with Mexico.

All of the examples stated are what triggered and continued complications between Mexico and the United States and difficulted the United States to accomplish the transcontinental railroad route for the south, simply because the only possible route was crossing through Mexican grounds. In 1847, an attempt on buying the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, a narrow strip of land that has oceans on two sides on the southern part of the continent of North America, was made by the United States to supply a connection in the south between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Having that said, Mexico had already given Don Jose de Garay, Mexican, the grant to construct colonies for American citizens in that isthmus from capital owned by the New Orleans Company. Because of the fear of provoking a rebellion for the second time like the one Texas had committed, President of Mexico Juan Ceballos canceled the grant and caused fury for the investors from the United States. In 1853, Officials from Mexico ejected United States citizens from their land in the debated Mesilla Valley. At the point when the U.S. Government did not act, Governor William Lane of New Mexico proclaimed the Mesilla Valley part of the U.S. region of New Mexico. Mexican President Antonio de Santa Anna reacted by sending troops into the valley. Endeavoring to defuse the circumstance, U.S. President Franklin Pierce sent James Gadsden, the new U.S. Clergyman to Mexico, to consult with Santa Anna. Secretary of State William Marcy trained Gadsden to renegotiate an outskirt that gave a course to a southern railroad, organize an arrival of U.S. budgetary commitments for Native American assaults, and settle the fiscal cases between the nations identified with the Garay venture.

Gadsden met with Santa Anna on September 25, 1853. President Pierce sent verbal directions for Gadsden through Christopher Ward, a specialist for U.S. speculators in the Garay venture, giving Gadsden arranging alternatives going from $50 million for lower California and a substantial segment of northern Mexico to $15 million for a littler land bargain that would in any case accommodate a southern railroad. Ward additionally deceived Gadsden, expressing the President needed the cases of the Garay party tended to in any arrangement closed with the Mexican Government; nonetheless, President Pierce never gave Ward these directions since he didn't put stock in government inclusion in issues between privately owned businesses and remote governments. Santa Clause Anna declined to move an expansive part of Mexico, yet he required cash to finance an armed force to put down progressing uprisings, so on December 30, 1853 he and Gadsden marked a settlement stipulating that the United States would pay $15 million for 45,000 square miles south of the New Mexico domain and accept private American cases, including those identified with the Garay bargain. The United States Government consented to progress in the direction of forestalling American assaults along Mexico's outskirt and Mexico voided U.S. duty regarding Native American assaults.

With a lot of trouble coming about because of the expanding difficulty between the northern and southern states, the U.S. Senate sanctioned an amended arrangement on April 25, 1854. The new bargain diminished the sum paid to Mexico to $10 million and the land acquired to 29,670 square miles and evacuated any notice of Native American assaults and private cases. President Pierce marked the arrangement and Gadsden introduced the new settlement to Santa Anna, who marked it on June 8, 1854. After Gadsden's Purchase another outskirt question caused strain over the United States' installment, and the arrangement neglected to determine the issues encompassing money related cases and fringe assaults. Be that as it may, it created the southern outskirt of the present-day United States, in spite of the convictions of by far most of policymakers at the time who figured the United States would in the long run extend further into Mexico.

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