Powerful Ancient Civilization – Rome

Ancient Rome was an powerful ancient civilization that ruled Europe for 1,000 years. It's also one of the most prosperous empires in the world. It created many inventions that we still use to this day. The Roman empire began in 753 BC and lasted for 507 years. Most of ancient Rome's culture spread throughout Western Europe. Ancient Rome comes from the city of Rome which is also the capital city in Italy.

Rome first grew as republic but later became into an empire. There was no leader in the beginning it just started mostly with early emperors. First it was just under control of the Kings of Rome. The first king of Rome who found the city of Rome in 753 BC was Romulus. In Roman Republic the government was run with consuls. Every year, the citizens of rome would elect two consuls that will have to work together for a one year term. Roman Republic started to end in 59 BC. Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus originally ruled Rome and had an agreement to work together.

When Crassus died in the battle of Carrhae in 53 BC Pompey turned against Caesar and they became rivals which caused the alliance/agreement between them to break. In 52 BCE Caesar went away leading his army in the winter going to Cisalpine Gaul. During the year 52 Pompey had also been elected to be the only consul. Caesar wanted to be consul in the year 48 but he knew his enemies in the Senate would arrest him. In 48 BC The Battle of Pharsalus (Roman Civil War) broke out between Pompey and Caesar. Caesar ended up winning and becoming the most powerful dictator in Rome. Later, Caesar's enemies assassinated him in 44 BC.

Later Augustus was born Gaius Octavius in 63 BC. His uncle Julius Caesar died and Augustus was named as Octavius/Octavian was named as his heir. He fought to avenge his uncle. In the Battle of Actium (31 BC) he defeated Antony and Cleopatra. Instead of becoming a dictator like Caesar, instead he bring peace and prosperity to Rome for 40 years. Ancient Rome was always under civil wars which stopped its peace so he ended all the civil wars (especially the one between Populares and Optimates.) He also changed the way Rome was governed. He made a series of laws between 30 BC and 2 BC which turned Roman republic into Roman empire.

The world gained a lot of things from the Roman Empire, but in my opinion the MOST important thing they introduced to us was fast food, (Fast food like burgers.) They also created the language Latin. This made a impact on words in Britain and lots of modern words. The Roman empire also advanced architecture we use today. Romans built in stone and in straight lines. I wonder how it would be today without Roman's creations. They're also famous for making pasta!!

HEY YOU! (Mr Escarge) did you know that modern Rome has 280 fountains and 900 churches? Also, women in ancient Rome dyed their hair with beech wood ashes and goat fat (the colors they mostly did were red and blond.) You know how ancient Rome created pasta? Today they have a whole museum based on pasta!

In conclusion, ancient Rome was an influential, and impressive empire. It brought lots of wonderful inventions to the modern world. Ancient Rome was such a fast growing successful empire and its fascinating inventions spread out all through the world (especially the western world). I learned a lot about this ancient empire (although we already covered a lot about it last year.)

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