An Aquatic Mess: an Analysis of Marine Pollution and its Consequences in Humanity’s Future

Contents

Introduction
Background
Plastics

Introduction

Ocean pollution is a defining crisis of the twenty-first century. Considering even only the last decade, disasters such as the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill—one that leaked more than 200 million gallons of petroleum into the Gulf of Mexico, have already caused irreparable damage to our biosphere. Additionally, the millions of tons of trash, oil, fertilizer, sewage, and toxic chemicals that enter the ocean every year only exacerbate this burgeoning problem. Though humanity has prided itself on its mastery of land, our uncontrolled dumping has caused beaches and coastlines to also fill with waste, killing plants and animals in some of the world’s most ecologically productive regions.

It was from the oceans that eukaryotic life first emerged, and even today microorganisms such as phytoplankton and cyanobacteria produce the lion’s share of the world’s biomass and oxygen. The slow death of aquatic environments from unbridled pollution will inevitably lead to the extinction of life in every corner of the world, not only those in the oceans. In short, this crisis is an issue that has encroached on every aspect of human life, and unless world-reaching solutions such as the Paris Climate Accords are taken seriously, it can very well lead to the end of human civilization as we know it. To further explore the issue, it is crucial to understand the source, cause, and possible solutions to the crisis. Before specific, actionable solutions can be taken, we as a species must examine the historical context of maritime ecological decay, the role of polymer materials in exacerbating the issue, the economic implications of solving the issue, and the extent of government’s role in containing the crisis.

Background

Since the rise of human civilization, societies the world over have found their beginnings in river valleys. From the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia to the Yellow River in China, rivers have served as the backbone of all human activity. Rivers were the source of all life as they provided fresh water for farmland and livestock, but as technology progressed, they also served as the artery of industrial infrastructure. By the nineteenth century, rivers such as the Thames were crucial to the transportation of both goods and waste. Though the notion of dumping human sewage into drinking water is absurd today, it had been seen as a viable option since it eventually dumped into the ocean—a seemingly infinite body of water whose carrying capacity was limitless. This idea of the ocean pervaded the twentieth century, and it wasn’t until the turn of the millennium that the world realized its mistake.

Today, approximately eighty percent of marine pollution ultimately originates on land as a direct result of human activity. A prime example of this is the Yangtze River in Central China. Though it still holds the title of most economically productive river on earth, the ships that float atop it no longer carry grain and silk. Instead, massive container ships now tow electronics, plastics, and an alphabet soup of derived chemicals from the country’s industrial heart in Chongqing and Sichuan to the Port of Shanghai at its delta. Though these ships carry the products that make the world run, their engines also burn immense amounts of bunker fuel, a literal “bottom of the barrel” substance so vicious and sulfur-rich that it more closely resembles tar than gasoline.

But ships are not even the largest source of this waste. Agriculture, humanity’s greatest innovation, has also worked against us. For ance, when large tracts of land are plowed, the exposed soil can erode during rainstorms. Much of this runoff flows to the sea, carrying with it agricultural fertilizers and pesticides. Oil spills are the release of a liquid petroleum into the environment, mainly the marine ecosystem, and is a form of pollution. The term “oil spill” is usually given to marine oil spills, some oil spills occur on land but mainly in the ocean because that is where most oil is dredged from.

Plastics

There are several categories of water pollutants. The most damaging and most numerous of all are plastics. Plastic can enter the ocean or other waterways in a variety of ways including dumping, littering, and just the carelessness of humans. We do this because we no longer have a use for our bottles, food waste, straws, or even TVs! You would think dumping is illegal since it pollutes the ocean but in fact, it is not at all as long as the person or company that is dumping it is 12 miles offshore. This plastic does not immediately decompose in nature. This means, the plastic that was thrown into the ocean fifty years ago is still in the ocean but most likely broken down into a microscopic state. Pollution is bad for the environment because not only does it make marine life sick, it can absorb into our bodies —93 percent of Americans age six or older test positive for Bisphenol A (a plastic known to cause hormone imbalances). (“ Eco Watch”)

Once the plastic is in the ocean, it stays there. It does not disappear. It will break down into a microscopic form. Mass scale plastic removal is currently unfeasible. Therefore microplastics in the ocean will continuously affect the marine life around it. An example of this is that oysters filter in water and the microscopic algae, along with the algae the oyster could also be taking in plastic particles that could be toxic to it and its consumers. This is not good because since there are no ways to remove microscopic plastic completely and the concentration will only get stronger. Ultimately, marine animals with the highest concentrations will be consumed by humans, placing nearly everyone on Earth at risk of microplastic toxicity.

Yet another source of pollution are chemicals. They are used in all types of agricultural processes. To protect our crops from bugs we spray them with pesticides, and to make them grow bigger we spray them with fertilizers. To ensure the health of livestock, commercial farmers spray insecticides that get kill diseases on the pens. This all sounds great but these chemicals can seep into the ground directly or run off into a river or stream and contaminate not only our water but even our soil. Eventually, these chemicals will make it into our water supply and contaminate it, then it will run off into rivers and eventually the ocean.

The effects of improper disposal of chemical waste in agriculture have led to a significant increase in the nitrogen concentration in the water. When it comes to water, this can produce too much nitrogen eutrophication, which causes the excessive growth of algae and phytoplankton with crippling consequences. Too many algae in the water can produce algal blooms, which spreads toxins known as 'red tides'. Red tides are responsible for killing seabirds, fish, marine mammals, and can even harm humans. When these harmful blooms die, the bacteria consume all of the oxygen and creates a dead zone and fish cannot live in this area. While chemicals make everyday human life easier and healthier, they can do irreversible damage to the marine environment.

The sewage that enters rivers and streams is caused by dumping, mainly by the sewage treatment plants. These plants do this as a result of most of them are outdated or too small because were built in the mid-seventies because of the Clean Water Act of 1972. This means that either the plants get too full of sewage and the plant has to dump some out of its storage or the clean sewage has not been fully treated. The government needs to invest not only money but also more effort into keeping untreated sewage out of our waterways. Sewage is also severely degrading in the maritime environment. You might think that “All of the animals have been producing waste in the ocean for centuries. How is human waste different since it is organic?” Well, these days the food we eat is made up with chemicals, while also we have the issue of the quantity of sewage and the unregulated dumping of hygiene products like shampoo.

The effects of untreated sewage dumping can be extremely unhealthy not only to marine life but also human life. For example, sewage can transmit disease either by direct contact or through pollution of water supplies. Among other fecal-borne diseases like parasites such as roundworms. For most of history, populations were so small that the main problem with sewage was the gagging smell of it, and at times spreading disease or parasites locally. Sewage wasn't all bad because it provided a benefit as a fertilizer for crops. As the population grew so did the problem of sewage contaminating the water, Like the effect of more feces entered wells, lakes, streams, and rivers, affecting nature as well as human health.

There are many ways oil can get into the ocean or any body of water. Of course the most obvious being oil spills but also ways like natural seeps, consumption, transportation, and extraction of oil. Nearly 85 percent of the 29 million gallons of petroleum that enter North American ocean waters each year as a result of human activities comes from airplanes to cars and small boats. (“SOURCES OF OIL IN THE SEA”) While less than 8 percent comes from tanker or pipeline spills. Firstly, natural seeps from the rocks below the seafloor. Oil seeps are common in many areas, including the Gulf of Mexico and offshore of Southern California, and in other areas where oil is found beneath the continental shelf (“ScienceDaily”).

Second, we talk about consumption, which includes runoff from land vehicles to marine boating and jet skis in coastal waters. Most cars drip oil on streets and highways which is washed off by rains. The millions of cars in large coastal cities are important sources. Another way is transportation, which mainly consists of spills from tankers and pipelines at sea because the companies really only care about profit. Lastly, we talk about extraction, which includes spills from offshore platforms or even blowouts during efforts to explore for and produce petroleum and gas. There is not a sure fire way to completely prevent oil pollution without making the economy crash; However, we can make stricter rules and regulations with harsher consequences to keep companies as well as people from taking shortcuts.

The effects of oil have on the ocean can be absolutely devastating like stopping up the blowholes of whales, making it impossible for them to breathe properly and disrupting their ability to communicate. Another example is that oil can coat the fur of penguins and seals, which wicks away the heat from their bodies leaving them vulnerable to hypothermia. Even when the oil doesn't affect some marine mammals directly it can contaminate their food supply. This causes them to get sick or even die. When this happens, other animals higher on the food chain eat them because they are too weak to fight or run away. So the higher you go into the food chain the more toxic it gets.

In conclusion, the human species needs to expand its knowledge as a whole in order to fix the different types of marine pollution. Chemical pollution is mostly commercial and tighter regulation could help resolve the majority of the issue; however, this would have a negative economic impact. Sewage pollution is caused but unregulated dumping and can simply be fixed if we were to update not only the treatment complexes but also the regulations. Oil pollution is caused by things like unregulated dumping to oil seeps.

Any oil in any body of water can have no good effect on marine life as well as human life. Lastly, plastic pollution is caused by anything from careless littering to commercial dumping. Since plastic is man-made, nothing can completely decompose it; this means that it stays in the ocean until something or someone takes it out. Plastic can be mistaken for food from hungry animals or could just accidentally swim into causing animals to lose a limb or even suffocate to death. So next time you travel or throw something away, think about the consequences it could have not only on the environment but the human species as a whole.

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The Effect of Sound Pollution on Marine Animals

Over 100,000 thousand sea mammals die each year due to marine pollution. Marine pollution can vary from plastic to oil. A form of pollution that is often overlooked and might prove to be a big problem in the coming future is sound pollution, also known as noise pollution. Sound pollution is noise negatively impacting human and animal life. The main source is outdoor noise such as automobiles and machines. It can be found anywhere in the world, even underwater. Underwater noise pollution is caused mostly by commercial trawlers. It is possible that this affects marine life. A few ways it can affect marine life is by shortening their lifespans, damaging their ears and interrupting their mating calls. Firstly, to thoroughly understand this topic, one must know the basics of what sound is.

Sound is created when objects vibrate, as a result, sound-pressure waves are created. A sound wave consists of 3 main parts; frequency, wavelength, and amplitude. Frequency is practically the number of waves that pass by a certain point per unit time. It's measured by Hertz, Hz, or cycles per second. Humans can usually only hear 20 to 20,000 Hz. Sounds that are below 20 Hz are called infrasonic and sounds that are above 20,000 Hz are called ultrasonic. Wavelength is how far apart to waves are. In other words, it is the distance between the peaks of 2 sound waves. Wavelength is related to frequency because the lower the frequency of a sound wave is, the longer the wavelength. Lastly, the amplitude of a wave is the length of it. It is the loudness of a sound. Amplitude is usually measured using the decibel(dB) scale. For example, small variations in amplitude, short waves, result in weak or quiet sounds.

Large variations, tall pressure waves, result in strong or loud sounds. The speed of a wave is talking about how fast vibrations move through a certain medium. For instance, in water, sound moves at 1500 meters per second, while in the air it moves at a speed of about 340 meters per second. Underwater acoustic pollution is caused by various things. They consist of energy exploration, recreational boating, shipping, and seismic testing. Out of these, shipping and seismic testing are the major causes. Thanks to the increasing demand for oil, seismic airgun surveys are often performed to locate oil and gas reserves. The exploration companies that carry out these surveys usually deploy 30 to 40 air guns that all go off simultaneously. The surveys typically go off every 9 to 12 seconds. The pressure created by these surveys results in bubbles that generate a large amount of sound energy where they expand and contract. This testing can last weeks. Ships are very harmful too because their propulsion releases many sound waves that have low frequencies. Low frequencies have the ability to go a long way without losing a lot of energy. Ships usually have frequencies between 20 and 200 Hz.

While these are certainly not the only causes, they are the major ones. Along with decreasing their life spans, noise pollution has an additional effect on marine animals. Noise pollution causes extensive damage to the ears of marine animals such as fish and disturbs the mating calls and echolocation of animals such as whales. Whales are highly affected because they rely greatly on echolocation due to highly turbid, dirty, waters. Echolocation is being able to locate an object by using the reflection of sound. Most whale feed along shallow coastlines where noise pollution is in the greatest capacity. The immense amounts of sound disturb the process and can disorient a whale. If they can't communicate with other whales, they can miss opportunities to feed and can starve to death. Since their mating calls are interrupted, they miss breeding opportunities. This would result in a whale population decline. Additionally, fish are affected too. Their ears are highly damaged by all the immense amounts of sounds created.

The concern of most scientists has shifted from whales onto smaller marine animals such as fish and shrimp. This is because while whales are pretty robust and have the ability to take the damage, fish and shrimp are not. The results of a study conducted by Norwegian scientists showed that the fish are moving out of noisy areas and the survival rate of their new-born offspring greatly decrease when they're in areas with high noise levels. In summary, the amount of underwater sound pollution increases in number each year. This is because of the increasing oil industry and demand for oil. When looking for oil reserves, large amounts of sound are released into the water. The sound is low in frequency, making it more harmful. Low frequency sounds are more harmful because they can affect larger areas. They can do this because they can go long distances without losing much of their energy.

While these sounds are created by the seismic air gun surveys being used to find places where oil is abundant, they are also created by ships and their propellers. When the propellers use force to push the ship forward, immense amounts of sounds with low frequency are released into the water. These sounds affect different species of marine animals in different ways. For example, whales are affected differently than fish. Whales are affected because their mating calls and echolocation are disturbed. While there isn’t much research on how fish are affected, it is known that their ears are damaged. It is predicted that marine animals near or in water that has sound pollution created by low frequency sounds will experience negative effects. Their life spans will greatly decrease. This hypothesis is strongly supported by the research provided.

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The Bolshevik Revolution

I chose this topic because I have always fascinated with Russian history. I think that the mystery of the missing Princess Anastasia and the whole Romanov family is something that I’ve wanted to learn more about. Looking into the Bolshevik Revolution will help to give insight into not only what cause the Russian citizens to revolt, but also why the Romanov’s were ousted from their country. This topic is also something that you normally wouldn’t cover in world history ,because it is prominent topic in the eastern world. With all of the issues and secrecy involving Russia in today’s news, it is interesting to see what events have helped to shape and impact Russia as a country.

Prior to the Bolshevik Revolution, Russia was run in two different styles. They were the Old Style and the New Style. The Old Style began with the nobility of Russia searching for a new royal blood line. The search ended with Michael Romanov, who was a young noble man. In 1613, he was elected Tsar of Russia. The New Style of Russian Monarchy began on November 2, 1721. The Senate elected Peter I or Peter the Great. He ruled Russia in early stages with his brother Ivan V until Ivan’s death in 1669. In 1669, Peter I became the Tsar or all Russia. From then until the beginning of the revolution and World War I, there were many other tsars and tsarinas. At the time of World War I, Tsar Nicholas Romanov II was ruling. He ruled from October 20, 1894, until he abdicated in 1917.

During his reign, the “Great War” or World War I was going on. This war had a large impact on Russia. He was hoping that the thought of having a war between the nations would help to bring his people together in times of the country’s needs. Unfortunately, World War I didn’t have the effect on Russia that Tsar Nicholas was hoping for. The war stalled the economic growth of the country and also contributed to the fall of the old order in the country. Russia at the time, was not at it’s strongest. There were major social and cultural changes occurring as well as political uprisings. With poorly trained and armed Russian soldiers, peasants were forced to be enlisted into the Russian army. This enlistment caused some food to become scarce and the rest of the food prices to sky rocket. Workers in large Russian cities such as St. Petersburg, became uneasy and restless with their working schedule and minuscule payments. In the aftermath of world War I, the citizens of Russia held their Tsar accountable. These workers began to host protests in the square. The riots and protests began to escalate. In March of 1917, troops shot into a crowd or protestors, killing a few of them. On March 15, 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne due to the issues that were occurring in the country.

When he stepped down in March, the Duma took over and created a temporary government to help bring the country out of its hard times. The Duma was a legislative body, similar to a parliament or a congress, that was in the ruling assembly of Russia and other part of the Soviet Union. When the Duma took over, two separate parties formed. These parties were similar to our Democratic and Repubican parties in the United States. On one side were the radicalists and the people who wanted t reform the country. They were called the Social Revolutionaries and they followed what used to be the ousted radical organization called Narodanya Volya. One the other side were the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP). This party followed Marxism. They supported the temporary government in trying to continue with aiding in World War I, while also pleading with them to implement social and economic reforms to help the citizens of Russia. When no improvements seemed to be happening,

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Information about Specters of Revolution

Specters of Revolution narratives the subaltern political history of peasant guerrilla developments that rose in the Mexican province of Guerrero amid the late 1960s. Driven by teachers Genaro Vázquez and Lucio Cabañas, the National Revolutionary Civic Association and Party of the Poor sorted out prevalently sponsored progressive outfitted battles that looked for the oust of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Both guerrilla associations appeared from a decades-in length history of slaughters and regular types of fear submitted by neighborhood provincial political supervisors and the Mexican government against resident social developments that requested the reclamation of protected rights.

Educator Aviña demonstrates how these progressive developments created following quite a while of debilitating lawful, protected pathways of review (concentrated on issues of financial equity and discretionary rights) and enduring a few state-coordinated slaughters all through the 1960s. At last, he contends that the peasant guerrillas spoke to just the last period of a social procedure (the final phase) with roots in the unfulfilled guarantees of the 1910 Mexican Revolution and the double entrepreneur modernization-political dictator program received by the PRI after 1940.

Setting Mexico into the more extensive history of post-1945 Latin America, Specters of Revolution detonates the legend that Mexico comprised an island of relative harmony and soundness encompassed by an ocean of military autocracies amid the Cold War. In the plain last expression of Specters of Revolution Aviña refers to an overcomer of the brutality of the 1970s who is as yet scanning for reality about vanished friends and family and expectations that ‘the bones will tell us what happened’, (p. 180). Aviña educates us about the political and furnished dissents of poor (indigenous) laborers. The Guerrero peasant guerrilla is investigated prevalently from a political and social point of view. This is the beginning stage of Aviña's book: to comprehend social dissent and political assembly during the 1970s from Guerrero. Specters of Revolution tells the historical backdrop of the radicalization of worker legislative issues, obstruction and in the end guerrillas. Aviña looks at the foundations of Guerrero's 1970s grimy war.

The book accounts the significant clashes in the state since the major city challenge development during the 1960s, that finished in the expelling of the representative, the disputable decisions of 1962, and the compounding of social and political clashes in 1967, a period amid which Guerrero encountered a few slaughters and unlimited precedents of less 'terrific' yet no less poisonous cacique viciousness against social and political dissenters. Aviña clarifies the how and why of the change of political and social battles inside the system of the post-progressive state (amid the greater part of the 1960s) towards the ability to wage war against the post-progressive state with the end goal to accomplish financial redistribution, political and discretionary majority rule government, nearby self-governance also, maybe above all else equity and poise. The center of the clarification is: ‘state terror made guerrillas and guerrilla supporters’, (p. 112).

The second piece of the book at that point contemplates with incredible consideration the development of two guerrilla developments, the Asociación Cívica Nacional Revolucionaria (ACNR), driven by Genaro Vázquez (killed in 1972), and the Partido de los Pobres (PLDP), driven by Lucio Cabañas (killed in 1974). The book looks at the social and political life stories of their pioneers, their underlying foundations in laborer networks, their ideological development, debate, systems and possible downfall even with merciless government mistreatment and constraint. In doing as such the author effectively builds up a record of the profound neighborhood social, political and social underlying foundations of restraint, compulsion and viciousness in the heartland of Mexico's filthy war.

What's more, Aviña's book additionally addresses banters about the job of memory in social battles, and the associations between nearby narratives and to national Cold War elements. Aviña ceaselessly focuses on that particularly the PLDP accomplished elevated amounts of laborer and network bolster. In the last's view this moreover clarifies why waterfront Guerrero turned into ‘a counterinsurgent war zone’, due to the ‘terror unleashed by the Mexican military and police forces’, (pp. 174-175). There can be little uncertainty that Guerrero involved (and still possesses) a position on the darkest side of coercive state-production. From that point Aviña draws a more general end: ‘Violence enabled Mexican golden ages and economic miracles’, (p. 173).

Taking everything into account, understanding state-development, well known opposition, and the general weight of co-optation, viciousness and more clandestine additional legitimate instruments of control from beneath in a socially and politically complex nation, for example, Mexico will essentially create a separated picture in reality. The key commitment of the book under audit here is that it makes a huge commitment to a history that was too since a long time ago overwhelmed by rather one-dimensional records of Mexico's Cold War legislative issues and obstruction. It ought to be compulsory perusing for all intrigued by present day Mexico and the social making, legislative issues and culture of well-known opposition in Latin America.

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Syrian Revolution With Facts

He couldn’t hear and he couldn’t breathe. Half of the living room was now reduced to a pile of rubble showing the buildings that were beside the apartment, this was what happened to the character Mahmoud in the book Refugee. Ever since the Syrian Revolution started there have been bombs dropping daily and shootings occurring almost everyday. And because of this war so many people have been hurt or worse dead so I wanted to find out what started the Syrian Revolution and how it affected syrians and countries around the world.

So what had started this war in the first place? And how could it possibly escalate into such a dramatic and violent war? Well according to the Washington Post the Syrian Revolution started in March of 2011 from a peaceful protest against Bashar al-Assad that broke out in Syria as part as the Arab Spring. So organizers called president Assad to accept a democratic reform which means to make changes in the government to be more democratic so they could vote to take down Bashar al-Assad, but the government replied with violence which ended up with people joining the military to form the Free Syrian Army to overthrow the government.

In this paragraph I will tell you about their living conditions and how this war has affected Syrians in many ways. “We’re living on the edge of life. We’re always nervous, We’re always afraid.” From a mother of nine Mariam Ankash who’s husband was killed by a sniper. This is just one of many problems that Syrians face today another is basic needs for example four out of five people live in poverty, and with the government blocking access from food so that one in three people are unable to meet basic food needs and when you think that it can’t get any worse it does, 70% of people in Syria don’t have clean water and there is very little health service. And because of this violence, by June 2013 90,000 people were killed and thousands have fled to neighboring countries to apply for asylum. Another example is from a syrian named Abu Sami he lives in such poor conditions he has to use things around the house to treat himself for example: He has to collect rainwater for water, when he is ill he treat it with aloe and other herbs, when he has a rotten tooth that hurts too much he pull it out by himself with pliers, and he lives in a super cramped space with paint peeling of the walls. Yet he still stays in syria because its his home.

This event has not only affected Syrians but also other countries so in this paragraph I will tell you about how this event has affected other countries. Because of this war many Syrians have fled to other countries especially countries close to Syria such as Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey which results in those countries struggling to cope with all the refugees coming from Syria. Another country that has been affected is the U.S but only two reasons, one is that the Islamic state militant group began progressing on the U.S so the U.S launched airstrikes against them, second reason is that the U.S tried to punish Assad’s government for using chemical weapons like sarin and chlorine gas on civilians. Last is Russia who is an allie and long supporter to Assad’s government he also backed up and helped Assad’s claim that he didn’t use chemical weapons on civilians.

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The Industrial Revolution Late 1700s

The Industrial Revolution began in Europe in the late 1700s. This was a time of new methods of work and new inventions. The industrial revolution was a time of change in the economy and transition to the manufacturing of new goods. It dramatically changed the way people lived. Although it benefited the world, it also had some negatives. During the industrial revolution, people began moving from rural areas to urban cities. In rural areas, they were using handmade tools, clothing, and grew their own food (document 1a). When urban cities began to form, so many people were moving, the rural way of life began to disappear. These villages grew into industrial cities which led them to produce goods quicker and cheaper. Those who lived in an urban society were able to buy clothing, food, and tools that somebody else made, using a machine (document 1b). In 1769 Arkwright created the water-frame and James Watt got a license for the steam engine.

Sixteen years later it pertained to the cotton mill, Watt and Boulton made an engine for it at Papplewick in Notts. These two things introduced the factory system (document 2). At the beginning of the industrial revolution the wages of spinners and weavers increased because with all the mass produce it brought to trade. 1788-1803 was called the “golden age” because, in those fifteen years, the cotton trade tripled itself. In the cottage of weaver’s, “each family brought forty to one-hundred twenty shillings per week” (document 2). “The iron industry had been equally revolutionized by the invention of smelting by pit-coal” (document 2). In eight years the amount of iron that was being made doubled. 1830-1840, Samuel Morse developed a new invention. The telegraph. This is a way of long distance communication. It carried information using dots and lines at a high speed, which made communications between Europe a lot easier and quicker. Education was also a major improvement in the Industrial Revolution. “Recognition of the urgent necessity of giving moral, intellectual, and vocational education to the women of the masses so they can become the moral agents for the men of great masses” (document 7).

Women are now given education so they can work for men, but having education for women is a major step of improvement because women were treated more as objects rather than actual human beings. John Wesley set up Sunday schools for the working class, helped the angry workers to not form a revolution toward social reform, and founded the Methodist Church because he believed the people needed a sense of personal faith. In the medical industry, new ways were used for huge advancements. New methods to make surgeries a lot safer, less painful, and keep germs from spreading inside the body. Vaccinations had been created. The first vaccination was for smallpox created by Edward Jenner. “Every town has one or more slum areas into which the working classes are packed” (document 5).

The huge gap between the Capitalists and the urban working class caused such poverty for the workers that they huddled together in a very small area for warmth. The streets were full of “filthy strewn with animal and vegetable refuse” (document 5) that the air they would regularly breathe was intoxicated and unhealthy. The poverty of the proletariat’s led to child labor. Factories employed children at 5 years old, and they worked 12-16 hours a day. Children were regularly being hit with a strap to make them work faster, and in some factories, they were dipped headfirst into a tank of water if they were getting sleepy. Those who ran away were in danger of being sent to jail. The ventilation was so bad people were dying from that more than natural causes or wounds. There were “43,000 cases of widowhood and 112,000 destitute orphanages” from the working class (document 6).

Parents agreed that their children should work to help support the family. Factories employed children at 5 years old, and they worked 12-16 hours a day. Children were regularly being hit with a strap to make them work faster, and in some factories, they were dipped headfirst into a tank of water if they were getting sleepy. Those who ran away were in danger of being sent to jail. In Great Britain, the demographic ascended. The working class was having lots of children that they couldn’t afford to support so they gave them up as orphans. The number of urban cities increased, and the population went from most areas having forty to one-hundred thirty people living there in 1801, large cities are Britain had over one-hundred thirty people living there in 1851 (document 4). The new middle class was very small.

Families who were once urban workers now lived in nice homes and ate and dressed well. Many believed that the poor are responsible for their distress. They would think that if they were able to make it, then they can do it too. Their determination to do hard work and to flourish was valued. Instead of women working like in the factories, women were now encouraged to act like ‘ladies’.

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More Facts about Industrial Revolution

The, industrial revolution, also called the 1st industrial revolution originated in Great Britain during the 18th century. Later spread across the world and went form a handmade products to machine product. Since then, the machinery has been improving to produce more product in a giving time.

Comparing the context of business is night and day. The economic health of the timeframe and evolution of technology, changes in the social role of business today, which could not have been imagined during the years of the industrial revolution. The most notable amount of change in technology and society, ever record, occurred from the beginning of the Industrial Revolution to now (Schwab, 2016). If people search into the needs of individual people and look through the obstacles vision of the industrial revolution, compared to the bright colors and technology of today, personal needs concepts and ethical reasoning are relentlessly from the same cause of economics. However, forces, feeling of belonging, ethical background, education, culture, and many other demographics. Those, the Industrial Revolution started a significant evolution in our society, then how have our perceptions of society, work ethics, and moral obligations, changed over this period?

Economists, before the Industrial Revolution, taught the hard a person works, the more profitable and happier they will be (Hill, 1996). Moralists reinforced this theory by calling on the social duty and obligation of each individual to work hard. However, the Industrial Revolution brought machines and technology that started replacing the manual labor of people (Hill, 1996). The business mostly made up of small family businesses and trades. Skills and knowledge kept a secret to differentiate their product from others. Eventually, the secrets of their skills, such as glass-blowing and shoemaking, were released and replaced by new inventions and skills that were separated to specializing jobs performed. The cotton mills required protocol style working, regulations, strict rules, and trained employees, which has spread through other factories and society. Today it continued to evolve more than ever.

The acceptance of the society's proper function in business was eliminated at the beginning of the evolution. Therefore, the idea of economic success was defined by hard workers; however, the loss of this idea causes a loss of meaningfulness and personal loss of power over their future. Independence and discipline have replaced hard work. Therefore, a large group of people was not progressing, learning, or growing. See, factory workers often worked assembly lines, which was repetitive and lacked purpose and self-fulfillment.

Today, people still want to feel needed or to have a purpose and ability to control what and how they do it. Today, society refuses to work like a machine and wants to control when and how hard they work. Work ethics opportunity is for growth because society encourages higher learning, training, and skills. There is an opportunity for growth because society today encourages higher education over hard work. As far as work ethics concerned, facing the opposite is exact today, well as for the average American. There is an opportunity for growth because our society encourages higher education over harder work as the definition of business successfulness. Parents tell their kids that they need to study hard in high school and go to college to get a good job. Also, they let them know to graduate from high school, and then going into the workforce, and work hard for a little paycheck. To get ahead in the military required training and education. Our societies have classified groups into the white-collar and blue-collar; however, expectations of the color collar reinforce the theory.

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Importance of Treating People with Respect

Being a good person ultimately boils down to one thing: how well you treat others; race, social status, and religion are not the deciding factors they are made out to be because we are all born with a good and loving mind and can be friends with everyone. Not a single person has ever been born with a mind that is already ‘mean’ or ‘not kind’: it is the treatment of others that turns someone bitter. The statement, ‘All People are the Same and Should be treated the same’ has been tested many times throughout history. As stated in the bible, 'There is no difference between Jews and Gentiles, between slaves and free people, between men and women: you are all in union with Jesus Christ', (Galatians 3.28).” These statements seem so easy and understandable, but many times people let hatred and judgement get in the way and take over. We have such a responsibility for others through how we treat them, if we all treat each other with kindness and respect it will come back around. There should be no reason at all we treat our class mates with any less respect than how we treat our family members.

Many people find these statements favourable and right but on the controversy, some people believe that it is almost impossible to treat everyone with the same respect and love for which you would treat a family member. Some examples of these types of people we can not treat with the same respect would be a criminal, rapist or murderer. All these types of people are not accepted by society and are therefore seen in a different light and because of this we treat these people with a lower amount of respect.

This leads me onto the topic of how we should treat people in a school environment, no one you are learning with has committed any crimes of these degree, so therefore we have no reason at all to treat any other student or teacher with any lower respect then we treat our family members. In personally experience I find it near impossible to treat everyone with the same respect and kindness, especially in school, due to the fact of how we see the world. What is the first thing your brain does when you meet someone new? Your brain judges the person and this judgment is what leads us to how we treat this person. Of course I'm going to treat my close friends differently than people I barely know. But even though we find this so hard to do we must push ourselves to treat everyone equally, for this is what will make us move on as a united society.

I know everyone has heard this line from the bible atleast once in your life, 'Love thy neighbour as thyself,'. This idea of equalization is so well known and ancient that one would think that we, as a society, should finally understand how to treat everyone the same after all these years. Yet is so hard for some people to grasp due to the fact that, plain and simple, the world is not an equal place. Although this is the overwhelming truth about the world we have to see past this and overcome those thoughts of thinking you are higher or better than another human.

Now one might ask, what is the benefits to treating others equally? When we get to learn about others and when we get to respect others similarities and differences we learn so much more about the world and all its opportunities. These opportunities can be friendships, work prospects, travel possibilities or a wider understanding of the world in which we live. People who are scared of others are not so because they have any sense of rejection towards them but because they’re not sure how to go about communicating with them and also because they fear that their own little ‘cocoon of protection’ might be threatened. This is simply not true. What is important is that everybody is entitled to a viewpoint or opinion and we should respect that right even if we don’t necessarily agree with it.

Tolerance is the key but you can still maintain your own identity and still have valid viewpoints. Remember, even identical twins have their own individual experiences and opinions and you probably don’t agree with everything your parents or children say but does that necessarily compromise you?

There are many things we can do to move towards accepting other people’s opinions and respecting our differences. At a very basic level, we should treat others with the same degree of respect as we would like to be treated ourselves. We should embrace our differences, not be afraid of them and we should never judge a person on our first impression which is often about how he or she looks. Taking the time to get to know the person within is a far better indicator than pre-judging them on appearances alone.

Getting to truly know a new person who we may feel is quite different to us can be a very rewarding experience. It’s true that when we’re looking to make friends or start relationships that we tend to gravitate towards people we believe are similar in outlook to ourselves but in restricting ourselves to that mindset, we can often miss out on many interesting experiences.

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Faith and Responsibility Essay

Respect and Responsibility in Faith Respect and responsibility play important roles in my life. As a young Catholic woman, I try to live my life by the Golden Rule, “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you” (Matthew 7:12). This Catholic principle of treating others as you would like to be treated encompasses a responsibility to respect other humans. As Catholics, we have responsibility to respect life.

It is important to respect human life as well as animal and plant life. I try in my daily life to respect my peers, my teachers and myself. I try to lead by example by showing my elders respect, helping them when they need help and caring for everyone. I treat my peers the way I would like to be treated. I speak kind to them and I do not bully them. Even when I feel disrespected and bullied I do not disrespect others. I hope that when I speak to my teachers with respect this will cause a chain reaction for others to do the same. I respect myself. I take pride in everything I do. I work hard in school to get the best education I can. I do not only do this for myself, I also do it out of respect for my parents who work hard to send me to a Catholic school where I get my faith-filled education. I have a responsibility to my parents to be the best person I can be.

My parents show me unconditional love and respect, and my grandparents show my parents the same. Seeing generations of respectful Catholics makes me aspire to be like them. In Genesis 1:26, God said “Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over the cattle and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.” This quote shows that God gave humans the responsibility to watch over animals, plants and insects. I respect the Earth. I have a responsibility to follow God’s wishes by respecting animals and plant life. I try to do my best to conserve water, recycle and make the world a better place for generations to come. If we do not take care of the Earth right now generations of humans will suffer in the future.Jesus showed us the importance of taking care of others and of the world around us. He respected everyone from the sinners, to the lepers and the sick.

I try to walk in the light of the Lord and continue to do his work. I have a responsibility to respect others and to live my life by the Golden Rule, “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you” (Matthew 7:12). This Catholic principle of treating others as you would like to be treated encompasses a responsibility to respect other humans and I will continue doing this for years to come.

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Respect and Responsibility Essay

Respect and responsibility are important in light of my faith and my life. My faith encourages me to respect God, myself, and others. In turn, having a respectful attitude causes others to show respect to me. My faith also enables me to be responsible even during times when it is difficult. My faith in God makes me feel a sense of responsibility to show and to teach others about how being respectful can make life wonderful. My faith encourages me to respect God, myself, and others because my love and admiration for God makes me want to be my best. When I pray to God I know that He wants me to honor Him by caring for myself and others. For example, when I was recently sick I prayed and God told me to rest so that I could get well to serve Him and others. God’s love for me is enormous.

Knowing this and that God wants me to be well makes me want to care for God’s other children even more. I have a responsibility to serve God’s children. When I honor this responsibility I am showing respect to God, myself, and others. My faith also enables me to be responsible even when it is difficult. It is not easy for kids to have so many responsibilities. We would much rather play video games, listen to music, text our friends, and make plans to have fun instead of being so responsible. When I pray to God, He helps me to put my responsibilities first. God wants me to pray before everything. He wants me to take care of my health ( by eating good foods, sleeping enough, and having good hygiene habits). He wants me to help care for my family and my home ( by doing chores). He wants me to study hard, do all of my homework, and all of my classwork. He wants me to give my best efforts to the sports and clubs that I am apart of.

My faith and love for God help me to put my responsibilities before my hobbies even when it is not easy. My faith in God makes me feel a sense of responsibility to teach others about being respectful. The best way to teach respect is to give it to others. For example if you give someone respect, then in return they might want to give you respect. My faith in God allows me to show respect for others through compassion, kindness, and understanding. This usually makes others respond the same way towards me. Giving and receiving respect makes life fantastic. I can thank my faith in God for the importance that respect and responsibility have in my life. If I can teach others what my faith has taught me, I know that they can live their best lives.

Respect and responsibility are important parts of my life in light of my tremendous faith in God. This faith inspires me to show respect to God, myself, and others. My faith really helps me to tend to my responsibilities even when it is very hard. My faith in God causes me to feel responsible for teaching others about respectfulness. Having a responsibility to teach ( or show) respect to others is contagious. My care and concern for others causes them to reciprocate and pass along the love to others. Respect and responsibility are important in light of my faith in my life because they can make life wonderful.

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Respect for Living Beings

Many people believe animal abuse is physically hurting an animal. Animal abuse is much more than physically hurting an animal, it’s also mentally hurting innocent creatures who can’t or won’t fight back. Animal cruelty is a topic that’s not talked about very often as it should be, it’s a matter that no one really pays attention to. Animal brutality can be found everywhere in the world, we in fact harm animals everyday without even knowing it. We can help prevent animal cruelty as much we can by helping out in the environment and making a change in ourselves.

We cause damage in animals environment, for example, throwing cigarettes on the streets, polluting our roads, air, oceans, and eventually our whole world. These actions are done everyday by people all over the world, we can help this problem by picking up after ourselves and others. Recycling can help our surroundings stay clean. Saving electricity and water is a huge part of are everyday lives, we can improve our habits by turning off lights when leaving a room and making sure are garden hoses and faucets our turned off to conserve. If we could do this everyday we can help improve life in ourselves and animals environment. Other problems that we face about animal abuse are that some people may have a disorder or they grew up in an environment where it was normal to hurt a dog or other creatures.

People may ask why would someone hurt a defenseless creature? What value does one get out of hurting a dog or any animal for that matter. Harming a creature who can feel pain and will suffer a lifelong trauma of suffering, because animals have feelings and can remember. They have have a brain, heart, and we breathe the same air as them. Any creature who has feelings is worthy of respect and care. The danger of a person abusing an animal is that it’s the first step for a person to take toward the path of being cruel to humans or being interested in doing cruel things to people. Abusing an animal doesn’t benefit anyone in any matter. It’s a behavior that leads to darker behavior and interests.

Animals such as a dog for example can intensely feel fear, pain, neglect, starvation, thirst, beating, and torture just like us. People might question why should we help animals? Many animals such as dogs or cats are family to many people who don't have any family. They provide company for the homeless people, elderly, and disabled children. For people interested to know how to help prevent animal cruelty you can teach children to respect animals at a young age, report any animal abuse you see, and take action against animal cruelty.

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Truth in Lending Act Assignment

In 1968, there was a federal law that was passed called the Truth and Lending Act. The purpose of the law was to protect consumers from any type of disadvantages that the lender may bring upon them. The act has changed for the better how people think when borrowing money for certain reason. After this act passed people could calm themselves and realize that they aren’t being taken advantage of. A key part to the creation of the act is known as the Annual Percentage Rate. The Annual Percentage rate is an interest rate typically for credit cards that is stated on a yearly basis. The Annual Percentage Rate is one thing that has to be disclosed to the borrower ever since the Truth in Lending Act has come into being.

There are certain people that the Truth and Lending Act applies too such as the consumers. The consumers are the ones that are taking out loans, and they want to know the whole truth about the loan. People were getting taken advantage of because of loaners were not disclosing all of the information that may dealt with interest rates. Closed end accounts, home or auto loans, and accounts that are open ended like credit cards is what the Truth in Lending Act is specifically applying to. This is for a person, not a corporation or for commercial use. The rule is supposed to make sure the consumer knows every little catch in taking out a loan. An example would be dealing with the “right of recession.” This is a three-day grace period that when refinancing residential mortgages, you can cancel it and not lose any money or be charged an extra fee. Small details that could take advantage of a consumer is the purpose for the act being put in place.

The key purpose of the Truth and Lending act is to protect the consumer. The consumer is what drives mortgage business, and without content consumers, certain businesses would close because of loss of business. It made the regulations of the document clear, so that there would be no questions down the road. This helped prevent problems down the road and kept everyone involved in these transactions on the same page. The main problem before the act was not disclosing the financing fees or even any type of credit transactions for that matter. In October of 2015, Loan Estimates and Closing Disclosure became the new fix for the Truth and Lending Act. These are specific documents that state all details for the purpose that no one will claim they were not told about certain details. They present all the details of the document in a user-friendly way so that the consumer can understand exactly what it entails.

Predatory lending has decreased drastically due to the Truth in Lending Act. The catch with predatory lending is even though it isn’t right doesn’t mean that it is illegal. Some people try and barely scam you and others will try and rip you off completely by not disclosing all the information. One of the most common practices of predatory lending are inflated fees. Before, there was no such thing as a loan estimate. That meant that people couldn’t go around and compare which would be cheaper overall. They would just go with what they had presented to them and they wouldn’t know if the prices were inflated or not. Another type of predatory lending is risk-based pricing. Risk based pricing is when consumers that are more than likely to default are charged super high interest rates. Loan packing is also another highly used type of predatory lending. Loan packing is described by products that are sold to consumers that are not even necessary but are still sold. Predatory loans are unjust ideas to practice, but they still happen. Even with the Truth in Lending Act in place, it has been minimized drastically, but it still happens in some cases.

In Closing, the Truth in Lending Act changed the way all mortgage and loan processes take place for the better. People have the confidence to know that they aren’t being cheated out of money. The market now is much more competitive due to loan estimates, which makes sure that no one is getting ripped off. Getting more than one loan estimate can help ensure that the product being loaned is of fair value. The Truth in Lending Act did fulfill its purpose for the most part by protecting the consumers from predatory lending practices, but there are still types of greedy practices that occur. When taking out mortgages, people used to not know they were being taken advantage of, but now they don’t have to worry about it. Without the Truth in Lending Act, people would be getting ripped off left and right, and the market would be so unsteady. People wouldn’t know what the actual fair market value is for the product that they are interested in. It brings everything into proportion and specifically lists the details of the products for the benefit of everyone interested.

Sources

Author Bill Fay Staff Writer. “Truth in Lending Act (TILA) – Consumer Rights & Protections.” Debt.org, www.debt.org/credit/your-consumer-rights/truth-lending-act/.
“Truth in Lending.” OCC: Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), 29 Dec. 2010, www.occ.treas.gov/topics/consumer-protection/truth-in-lending/index-truth-in-lending.html.
“What Is a Truth-in-Lending Disclosure for a Mortgage Loan?” Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/what-is-a-truth-in-lending-disclosure-en-180/.

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Real Estate With Impact

Contents

Why will the real estate sector boom after lockdown?
Conclusion

Why will the real estate sector boom after lockdown?

Pandemic has created a vital drop down in the real estate sector, so is the impact will be blessed. Anyone who was planning to buy or sell the home will be thinking about how the market is going to change its phase, as we all wanna know what will be the figure after “Normal”.

If you were in the middle of sale or just some distance away from closing the deal, then you’ll be wondering to ask for any discount! Well, this cannot be stated what will be an impact but there’s no doubt that prices will go down according to the current economical situation.

Investments are considered roadmaps to fulfill future requirements effectively and also to enjoy financial freedom. This is the real-time to opt for traditional investments such as real estate, due to the coronavirus financial sector has brought slowdown of approx 27.31% in dollar terms.

In what ways real estate is affected?

In March 2020, RBI has dropped down the repo rates by 0.75 points that have directly affected real estate due to which interest rates on bank home loans have been reduced to 7.15% - 8.05%.

For the first time for potentially interested customers, this is an effective time to invest in the property.

This pandemic has resulted in an opportunity to bring in their dream and buy the sheltered homes at such reducing interest rates.

Approx 67% interested persons are going in search of properties with the reduced budgets

Hence, we noticed that real-estate is affected by positive behavior during the novel pandemic.

Let’s discuss some key points.

How digitalization is becoming a helping hand in bringing real-estate at the top consideration?

Firstly, properties are searched by only the interested customers, thus stimulating their interest also maintaining their respective is the process of digital marketing. During the lockdown, it has been observed that approx 5.3% growth has taken place in buying & selling of the apartments.

In the first quarter, only the demand was raised by the audiences, thus to show the right footage of space digital technology is playing a crucial role.

With the new projects, interested candidates are eagerly waiting to move in there purchased home apartments or flats
The customer life cycle is proceeding via online from visiting the place to booking, every procedure is targeted without meeting
You require to be cautious before finalizing the deal once checked the past transactions of the company, do not hurry, relax and move your further step
Is there any big confidential reason for people investing in real estate at the time of financial slowdown?

As you all are aware that this is not a time to invest in any mutual funds or business shares thus in the current situation with the reducing interest rates on loan, people are investing their funds in the real estate with the confidence that when everything will go back to normal, the prices will increase in the property.

Let’s glance at what points should be considered while purchasing homes!

Some answers should be asked for listed questions before booking the flat.

Whether you are securing your future or upgrading your present while buying the house?
Can you service all the obligations takes place while going through purchasing procedure such as down payments, EMIS, maintenance costs, and many others?
Do you have your job security with COVID-19?
Do you feel, you will get a good return on your investment?

Well, in order to bring the financial condition back real-estate will create a boom in the market after lockdown. As we observed some figures of the growth while lockdown, then this is for sure that buying & selling of shelter will become a buzzword!

Conclusion

Property is the biggest sector that maximum people is considering, there are always two sides for every fact, therefore it’s your understanding of getting effective outcome.

Coronavirus has resulted in the decline of the money graph but at the same time has opened an opportunity of getting into a home dream.

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Personal Professional Portfolio

Contents

Professional
School Choice
Personal

Professional

The author has been working for the American Cancer Society (ACS) for slightly over two years working first as an Account Manager for Health Systems and most recently transitioning into the role of Senior Account Manager. While the author has only held these two positions, medical records clerk, and clinic patient account representative (CPAR) in his previous work with an Oncology practice; he has also been exposed to numerous and constant changes throughout the organization and industry.

In holding this past position the author has been the recipient of several employee recognition awards, including the prestigious Outstanding Achievement Award within the Midwest Division. The author is also an active member of several Cancer Program Committees within the various health systems, subcommittees, the Milwaukee Regional Cancer Care Network (MRCCN), and also serves on the Southeastern Wisconsin Gilda’s Club Advisory Council; in addition to serving as a member of the Concordia (CUW) MBA Advisory Council; led by Dr. David Borst. These awards, in combination with the author’s participation with several internal and external committees, has helped to showcase the role, in which, the author plays in exemplifying the mission, values, and standards of the American Cancer Society.

School Choice

The importance, and success, of an education is not always measured by the amount of money in a bank account, the size of a home, or the model of car a person owns; but how the education can be applied in any environment. While completing their undergraduate degree, the author was exposed to the multiple opportunities and challenges of a constantly changing business environment. Through the completion of their undergraduate coursework the author was able to gain a precise understanding of the need for competent and responsible administration. Their own work experiences and observations have suggested that some organizations lack the very basic concepts, understanding, and leadership to support a successful business. These observations and work experiences have led the author to believe that education is truly the best investment a person can make.

In making the decision to attend Concordia University the author spent a significant amount of time researching their educational options. After searching other educational institutions throughout the region, state, and community; it was clear to the author that the path they wanted to follow was sitting on a parcel of land in Mequon.

The author’s choice to attend graduate school at Concordia was due to a few reasons, which include; geographical proximity, reputation, and program choices. The MBA curriculum at Concordia is not only a well-respected program, but offers a broad selection of choices for an emphasis that would fit most students’ educational appetite. The ability to attend a respected, accredited university that is close to home is an ideal scenario for a person to continue their educational desire(s).

In conclusion, the author truly believes the MBA program at Concordia offers the best opportunity to excel as a student and business professional; while also providing the opportunity for personal growth as well.

Personal

The author is midway through his fourth year of marriage to his lovely wife, Elizabeth, and together they have a 13 month-old son, Aiden; and are expecting child number two in May of 2012. The author and his wife both come from large families; where the author’s mother comes from a family of seven and Elizabeth’s mother comes from a family of fourteen; where she is the oldest. Both the author and his wife laugh, in that, both of their grandparents have been married for over 60 years (married the same year) and both grandmothers’ names are Dorothy; both called “Dot” for short.

Our family continues to grow and with that so does our love for one another and love for life. The author’s family recently took a trip to California for ten days to visit family and friends. This was the first true vacation they had since getting married in Juneau, Alaska in June of 2008.

Aside from his family, the author loves watching the Chicago Bears, which can be difficult living in “Packer Country”, playing golf, and competing in amateur baseball.

The author will end this section with a quote from himself, “Don't think about the past, or try to look to the future, live the present as if every moment is your last and be grateful for what you have experienced, the opportunities that have been set in front of you, and for how you have control of what your future will entail...most important...don't forget to love, especially your family...whether immediate, extended, or broken...take something from each and every experience and make the best of the cards you are dealt!”

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Critical Analysis Portfolio and Presentation Proposal

Contents

Introduction
History
Humanities
Natural Science
Social Science
References

This homework was checked by paper owl and it was 28% of plagiarism. Don’t forget to revise.

Introduction

The United States asserts the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the number of women in the labor force rose from 41% in 1967 to 60% in 1999, before marginally dropping to 58.1% in 2011 '(Browne, N.D.). People of varying ethnic backgrounds have also increased, along with women having an increasing presence in the workforce. Mainly due to diversity and inclusion, the workplace has changed dramatically. While technology was the main driving force in transforming the workforce, the workplace dynamics have also changed significantly since the 1970s. There are more women, Hispanics, and older employees who have postponed retirement in today's workforce. Colored people made up 36 percent of the labor force as of June 2012, and per the Center for American Progress (Burns, Barton, and Kerby, 2012).

Over recent decades, immigrants have increased greatly, so the labor force in the USA is increasingly diversifying. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that, due to the baby-boom generation, older workers will make up a significant proportion of the labor force over the next two decades. 'The age group of 55 and over, comprising 13% of the population in 2000, is expected to grow to 20% by 2020. By 2050, 19% of the workforce will be represented by that of the group '(Toossi, 2002). The modern world has been shaped by diversity. The changing workplace has shaped and continues to affect modern society to be more diverse. The workforce can be easily seen change through the lens of history. Using history's lens we recognize that there have been significantly fewer women, blacks, and older employees in the 1970s who occupied the workforce. 'Humanities include literature, philosophy, history, human geography, law, politics, culture, and art (Wikipedia, 2019). Clearly, humanities have influenced the workforce through diversity through the diverse modern languages, law, politics, culture, and more that are being used by workers.

An individual of the Catholic faith from Central America and a person of Muslim faith in the United States will naturally produce a diverse infant with access to both nationalities, races, cultures, languages, etc. The individual's biology is diversity in and of itself, and that person will join the workforce one day. Empirically, social scientists have been shown that diversity supports positive societal outcomes— from productive workplaces to effective educational institutions and a strong scientific undertaking (Shin, 2017).

History

The past is the history of the ancestors of humanity. Items such as books, journals, magazines, diaries, photos, paintings, artifacts, verbal testimonies are used by historians to trace occurrences and look for trends. They are 'concerned about causality, that is why those things have occurred as they have happened, and how they are associated with earlier events' (History, 2017, para 1). Since the 1970s, the workforce has changed significantly; there have been significantly fewer women, blacks, and older workers. History has taught us that since the days of slavery and apartheid, men have evolved a lot. The United States Declaration of Independence states life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. This intends to be welcomed and to be inclusive The U.S. is headed there. There has been a significant increase in immigration, a large increase in individuals ' coming out of the closet,' people being able to articulate themselves, and businesses are increasingly changing to evolve with the times.

Humanities

Humanities are 'disciplines involving the study of distinctly human acts and works; for example, history, philology (language, literature, linguistics), psychology, theology, and ancient studies' (Cosgrove, 2009, para. 3). Humanities have shaped the workforce through many modern languages, law, policy, culture, religion. In Houston, TX, Mandarin Chinese, Arabic, or French language immersion schools have a minimum of 50 percent to a limit of 80 percent of regular instruction. Schools also offer humanities-focused social studies. By using humanities at an early age, schools promote the concept of diversity of education, these children will grow up and be part of the workforce. Technology companies ' CEOs have discussed the importance of learning how to code; nevertheless, building things customers want and need is important. We need to understand the human behaviors from the evidence of data to explain these preferences (Bradley, 2018).

Natural Science

Natural sciences are best described as 'a modern method based on observation, hypothesis formation, and experimental verification to understand the physical universe' (Haught, 2011, para. 2). Common natural science disciplines include astronomy, geology, chemistry, physics, and biology, as well as some cross-disciplines such as oceanography, environmental science, and computer science (Haught, 2011). The workplace's biological makeup can be viewed as nature's Melting Pot. Persons from all ethnic backgrounds, religions and socioeconomic backgrounds should come together and have kids together. Many children are exposed to different parts of the cultures of their parents. They anticipate inclusiveness once they grow up and become part of the workforce, and that's where diversity takes place.

Social Science

The lens of social science examines how human beings act in their social environment. You may be familiar with specific social science disciplines such as political science, psychology, sociology, and anthropology (Social Science, 2017). Another direction in which social science can enhance the workplace is by defining characteristics of personalities so that workers can work together effectively. The lens of social science examines how human beings act in their social environment. You may be familiar with specific social science disciplines such as political science, psychology, sociology, and anthropology (Social Science, 2017). Another direction in which social science can enhance the workplace is by defining characteristics of personalities so that workers can work together effectively.

References

Bradley, Elizabeth H. (2018). The Practical Humanities. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2018/10/22/humanities-provide-practical-workplace-and-life-skills-opinion
Browne, Clayton. (N.D.). How Has Workplace Diversity Changed Since the 1970s?. Retrieved from https://work.chron.com/workplace-diversity-changed-1970s-25995.html
Burns, C., Barton, K., and Kerby, S. (2012). The State of Diversity in Today’s Workforce. Retrieved from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/economy/reports/2012/07/12/11938/the-state-of-diversity-in-today's-workforce/Cosgrove, D. (2009).
Humanities. In D. Gregory, The dictionary of human geography (5th ed.).Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. Haught, J. F. (2011).
Natural science. In I. A. McFarland, D. A. S. Fergusson, K. Kilby, & et. al.(Eds.), Cambridge dictionary of Christian theology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. History. (2017).
In P. Lagasse, & Columbia University, The Columbia encyclopedia (7th ed.).New York, NY: Columbia University Press.Shin, Jean H., (2017).
Why Social Science? Because Social Science Helps Us Enhance Diversity in the Interest of Positive Societal Outcomes. Retrieved from https://www.whysocialscience.com/blog/2017/11/7/because-social-science-helps-us-enhance-diversity-in-the-interest-of-positive-societal-outcomes Social Science. (2017).
In P. Lagasse, & Columbia University, The Columbia encyclopedia (7thed.). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.The Myers & Briggs Foundation. 2019.
The purpose of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.Retrieved from https://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/home.htm?bhcp=1
Toossi, Mitra. (2002). A century of change: the U.S. labor force, 1950–2050. Retrieved from https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2002/05/art2full.pdf
Wikipedia. (2019). Humanities. Retrieved from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanities

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Business – it Management Portfolio Requirement — Pfit

Contents

Top Five Strengths Essay
Critical Thinking Skills
Communication Skills
Project Management Skills
Problem Solving Skills
Research Skills
Educational and Career Reflections
Career Outlook Report: Instructional Designer
- What Is Instructional Design?
What is an Instructional Designer?
Salary
Employment Outlook
Types of Positions
Education Required
Works Cited

Top Five Strengths Essay

The top Five strengths that I bring to the field of Instructional Design are my Critical Thinking Skills, Communication Skills, Project Management Skills, Problem Solving Skills, and Research Skills.

Critical Thinking Skills

My critical thinking Skills or my ability to obtain through logic and reason any positive or negative aspects of a specific situation has served me well in my career as an instructional designer. I recall one time when this skill was particularly useful during my time facilitating online trainings for a software company. I would start my presentation by instructing user how to access the system the first time. The procedure was simple in that you placed your email in the login field and left the password field black. Immediately after I would end a online training session the support call center would get a flood of calls from the users I just trained online requesting help to Login the first time. Through my critical thinking skills a discerned that having the login information at the start and only the start of the training was not sufficient to have trainees effectively retain that information. I started covering this Login information both at the start and end of each online training sessions and calls to the call center regarding Login drop by over 80%.

Communication Skills

Communication is vital to an Instructional Designer after all the whole point of building curriculum is to communicate new skills or processes to the learner. Specifically, in my role as an instructional designer, I choose what communication mediums are appropriate to convey the skills and knowledge required.

Project Management Skills

An Instructional Designer always works as part of team. A learning project can include not only the instructional designer but Managers, Graphic Designers and many others. Keeping a project running smoothly and on time is extremely challenging. That is why as part of my project management skills I always obtain an agreed upon “Learning Development Agreement” this document is key to managing any project.

Problem Solving Skills

All Instructional Designers must be good problem solvers. It is the Instructional Designers Job to solve problems or help prevent them in the first place through the dissemination of knowledge. In my professional career I have solved many problems in fact I was solving a problem when I discovered the role of an instructional designer. I was working as an instructor doing online training and completing several trainings a day every day. I could not keep up this pace and still be productive at my other job duties, so I research and found online learning software. Where I could produce the content once and learners could learn at their own pace.

Research Skills

Research is the starting point of any learning project. When researching the best way to introduce a new data software system to clinicians in a medical setting. I was given the info on the new system but no info on the old system. In doing research I was able to find out that the new system was not just replacing one old system but five. I was then able to convey the new system in terms of the old systems is was replacing thereby facilitating the users learning.

Educational and Career Reflections

My education background in the field of information technology helps me in my everyday interactions. I am often developing training for end users of industry specific software. This software is usually actively being developed as I am creating the instructional design materials. Having the ability to cross over and interact with the information technology professionals not only for me to obtain the pertinent information quickly. It also gives me an amount of credibility with those professionals as they can see that I am not completely unknowledgeable when asking my questions.

In my career I have been fortunate enough to work in industries as varied as Hotel Management, Mortgage Lending, Marketing, Health Insurance Services, Auto Insurance, Motorcycle Dealer Operations and Manufacturing This fast breath of knowledge has taught me many things about each respective industry but also about different companies culture and management styles. These styles can vary drastically, and each have their benefits and draw backs. I am very fortunate that I have learned the skills to succeed in any business environment.

I have also been able to train vastly differing learners that brought different life skills and experience of their own. I remember when I was working in the hotel industry one of the sites, I was sent to deliver computer training had never had a computer in the hotel before. In fact, one of the employees had never used a computer before. This taught me that you cannot assume what the skills that a learner already has. As I had to go ack on several occasions and teach users on how to operate a mouse.

My career path is with any future path is unknown. However, I feel extremely optimistic about the future of my career. As the past couple of months have taught us distance or online learning is vitally in a globally world. As the world of online learning grows so will I.

Career Outlook Report: Instructional Designer

What Is Instructional Design?

Instructional design is the creation of learning materials that results in the application of knowledge and skills. The discipline follows a system of assessing needs, designing a process, developing materials, and evaluating their effectiveness. In workplace learning, Instructional Design provides a practical and systematic approach for effectively designing effective curricula.1

What is an Instructional Designer?

An instructional designer applies this methodology (rooted in instructional theory) to design and develop content, and other solutions to support the acquisition of new knowledge or skills.1

Salary

The median annual wage for instructional Designer was $64,450 in May 20182

Employment Outlook

Instructional Designer jobs are projected to grow 6 percent in the next 10 years.

Types of Positions

Many instructional designers work, converting in-person materials into online courses. While others develop training for corporations. Each organization defines instructional designer jobs a little differently. Instructional designers do not usually have direct contact with students. Instructional Designers can work in any field and generally work full-time year-round schedules.

Education Required

A bachelor's degree is often the minimum educational requirement for an instructional designer. Some employers such as colleges and universities require a master’s degree in instructional design or instructional technology. Experience in teaching, training, writing, or web technology is also expected. Many people often come to the instructional design profession after first having been teachers, writers, editors, media specialists, or trainers.

Works Cited

“What Is Instructional Design?” ATD, www.td.org/talent-development-glossary-terms/what-is-instructional-design.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Instructional Coordinators, on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/instructional-coordinators.htm (visited April 16, 2020)

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Portfolio Practical Assessment

Contents

Introduction
Background
Reference

Introduction

Every industry is racing to be on top to attract as many customers as they can in their specified field of domain and in order to achieve that many companies collect humongous amount of data related to their customers. It may range from personal details of the customer being on the one end of the spectrum to the high-end insights on the customer interests and spending behaviors etc.

Background

I am working as a AWS Cloud/Python Developer for a top-rated fast food restaurant industry in United States called “Chick-Fil-A” and as part of my job, I get the opportunity to look at and also work on data a little bit now and then. At one instance in my past 3 years of experience working for the company, I had come across a task where I should develop a process to transfer small amount of data for an application use (Chen, Williams & Xu,2007, May).

From the previous year’s data, it was found that Chick-Fil-A is losing few million dollars just on waffle fries on overall 2000+ restaurants. And that is when we decided to get into Forecasting of the inventory so the team started building a neural network called “Long and Short-Term Memory” to analyze and predict the inventory needed for next 3 days, predict dollar price and wastage for all the 2000+ Chick-Fil-A stores across United States. As part of building this project, team collects a lot of data about the sales transactions at a particular location, particular time and day, if the sale is drive thru or in store transaction, what is product sold, festive holidays, federal holidays sales, sales on foot ball matches at nearby stadiums, sales on a particular season, using IOT devices to predict the number of customers in a restaurant at a point of time that will let the kitchen get ready to serve the customer as soon as possible without a wait time. So the whole point of the application is to take the data points collected for each restaurant and predict the Inventory and wastage.

From all the data collected and predicted, after proper mining techniques and the outputs of the predictions show that people in Utah drink a lot of Tea instead of Coffee, so there is no point of Chick-Fil-A restaurants in Utah selling Coffee a lot thus wasting a lot of inventory in Utah for coffee. Also, stores that have Starbucks right beside a Chick-Fil-A have very low sales on Coffee, stores near to a stadium have high sales during any football/baseball games. Sales of Coffee are more in Winter and sales of milkshakes are high in summer etc. These are some of the outcomes of mining the sales data that can be of a great help to control wastage of food and inventory and also focus on marketing to boost sales during a game or a particular season.

In the same way, there are many insights that were drawn from the data collected and that information is being used to the growth of the company, putting the brand at the top of the fast food industry (Titherington,2018).

Reference

Chen, X., Ye, Y., Williams, G., & Xu, X. (2007, May). A survey of open source data mining systems. In Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (pp. 3-14). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Titherington, T. (2018). My Head in the Clouds (Computing): A Case Study of a Restaurant Group Embracing Off-Site Technology. Boston Hospitality Review, 6(3).

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My Portfolio Reflection

For my portfolio reflection, I have been asked to give the reader an insight of the setting in which my work placement was carried out in and the background of the organisation in which I was involved in. In my reflection I will also look at what I was surprised by, what caught my interest, what I felt was important and overtime how my thoughts were changed by my experience.

For my 12-week work placement I carried it out in the Venegas Centre in Dundalk. The Venegas Centre is run by Saint John of God, it is funded by the HSE and provides services to people with intellectual disabilities, adult mental health along with child and adolescent psychiatry. Within the Saint John of God organisation, it supports roughly around 7000 children and adults per year. Their services are of great importance in the community. (Saint John of God , 2018) The Venegas Centre is based in Muirhevnamor; it is a day service for people with intellectual disabilities, the service is run from 9 till 5. In the Venegas Centre they provide services which allow Service Users to accomplish and reach their life goals and any other aspirations that they may have. The Venegas Centre organises many programmes around the service users, based on their needs as well as their wants. The Venegas Centre also offers support and help to the families of the service user, works with government departments in a way to meet the needs of the service users and works with health and educational establishments as well as other voluntary agencies around the area, such as meet ups with the Red Cross. (Saint John of God , 2018)

While on placement my duties involved working in a hands-on environment with the services users, to get involved in all aspects of the daily life in the centre and in the community. Such as carrying out activities with the service users, such as completing art and crafts, helping while they use computers/iPad’s, taken them out of the centre and into the community. During my placement I was expected to adhere to professional and ethical expectations while in the centre as well as when out following rules regarding client confidentiality. Each day in the centre differs; the Service Users had a timetable made up to suit their likes and what was available to them. On a Friday a room meeting would be called and this gave the Service Users an opportunity to speak up on issues regarding issues in the centre, such as dinners or activities or any other matter. Staff encouraged Service Users to speak up. Each day I would be doing something different; this is the part of my placement I enjoyed most. From helping the staff, with paperwork, taking the clients out and carrying out activities in the centre as well as other tasks.

The theme which I have chosen for my portfolio is Person Centred approach. The reason I have chosen this theme is because I feel it plays such a huge role in the day services

as it is the main focus of improving quality of life and putting the ‘Service User’ into lead of their own life. Person centred approach gives people with a disability the chance to make their own decisions which gives them independence. Person centred approaches guarantees that Service Users are seen as unique individuals with valuable skills and contributions it enables them to work together rather than. In themes and concepts, we looked at the person centred approach which was developed by Carl Rogers, he developed this in relation to his work with Service Users in a therapeutic setting. He gained his knowledge of therapy and theory of personality developed from the humanistic school of psychology. (DeCarvalho, 1990) In issues in Social Care we look at Person Centred Planning which links in also.

Rogers believed that for one’s condition to get better therapists working with the Service User should be understanding and approachable. When staff are planning roles for Service Users it is important that they have a clear understanding of what it is as well as the best way of going about it to support the Service User, such as not setting unrealistic goals. It is important to ensure that plans are carried out regularly and that the Service User is supported in a way that is suited to them. (McLeod, 2015)

(What is a person centred approach?, 2018)

I feel this image I have attached is a very good example the use of Person Centred Approach in the work setting as it compares the difference between the two in a way that is understandable and gets the point across clearly.

‘’One of the really important values underpinning person-centred working is an understanding that everyone has the right to make choices and have their preferences respected, even if others make decisions on their behalf. This is a legal requirement under the Mental Capacity Act 2005.’’ (Overcoming social work barriers to person-centred care, 2014)

At one time, people were once expected to take part in the schedules that was organised by health and social services, these routines were what they felt was the most appropriate, not what was more appropriate for the Service User. As times have changed, so have the routines. Routines now are made for the Service User the services are more accommodating to the needs of the Service User, such as sitting down with the Service User and discussing what he/she feels is suited to them and their capability. Working with a Service user individually ensures that the care that they get is catered to them. It is about doing things with people rather than ‘to’ or ‘for’ them. Person centred approach is so important to people with intellectual disabilities as it enables them to have that bit of independent but they also have the support behind them that is needed. It provides the Service User with a plan of their own. (***)

The role of social care when working with people with disabilities has changed over the years and has changed into a more of a holistic role that ties in with the emotional, social and occupational needs of the service user along with their physical care and welfare. Over the past few years the social care role in services such as this one has matured and earnt a fairer status compared to other professionals that work in this kind of role. The social care practitioner is a developing vocation and is growing in need within services for people with disabilities. Someone in the social care practice recognises the significance of relationships, is somebody who will listen and be able to share their advice and thoughts and also someone who will support them and stand up for the rights that they have. (Finnerty, 2013)

The Health Service Executive came up with a new approach for Service Users in day services called new directions. New Directions involves a new approach which involves a major change from provider-led programmes to individualised ones. This approach helps visualise all the supports that are accessible in the community. Since this new approach was brought in by the HSE person-centeredness is much more current and popular within the day services. This new approach enables the Service User to take join in as equal residents of their community and the ability to give something back to the community. (New Directions Personal Support Services for Adults with Disabilities, 2018) For example, in my placement The Holy Family church is just across the road and two of the Service Users help with the Mass service everyday taking it in turns to help alongside the priest. From this you can see how happy it makes them; it gives them a sense of importance as well as enjoyment.

From this placement I can really see why person centred approaches are so important. From working with people with intellectual disabilities it is clear that some of them have more abilities than other, and that others are more willing to explore them and try new things out. Person centred planning means that one person per plan. Each Service User is given a key worker; the goal here is for the key worker to get to know the service user such as their likes and dislikes, family, hobbies and personal history. Once this is established a folder is kept with all their information in it which is accessible to the Service User.

While on placement, X started work experience which gave her such a confidence boost. Before she had started her placement she sat down with the Z and discussed the possibilities of her getting work experience, what it would involve and discussed where it was that she would like to go. For X who is very capable it was only a matter of finding her a place of which interested her and getting her to it. Without person centred approach or the new directions I don’t think X would have gotten this opportunity. With person centred approach and planning the time was taken to sit down and discuss this with X her likes, if she felt that she was fit for it.

Staff and her key worker knew she would be but it was up to X to decide for herself if she felt she was or not. Another example would be the meetings staff and service users have on a Friday afternoon, here they get the opportunity to speak about any issues they feel need changes or things they wish to do or stop. I feel the Friday meetings are a great way of communication between all staff and service users in the room as it also gives them the chance to listen to what the others have to say too. Staffs are a key resource when needed to make the person centred approach achievable. (Sanderson, 2000)

I feel that this learning experience was very beneficial to me, I very much enjoyed my 12-week work placement and I have learned so much from it. Personally I think that the staff in the day services should have much more credit given to them as I don’t feel that the work they do for the Service Users is appreciated enough.

Before my placement I didn’t have any experience with working with people with disabilities, I was surprised at how much I enjoyed it as before beginning I was quite anxious about how I would feel about it. Professionally I have such a better understanding of what a day of work would consist of in a day service. With this experience I can now link the work I have done in college to the work that I have done in placement. With placement it gives a little taster of what the work that I will be going on to do when I get my degree. I have learned so many skills from my 12-week placement. With working with people with all different kind of disabilities I believed that my communication skills have improved, learning how service users interact differently and learning ways I can use to interact with them. I did this by listening and watching as some were verbal, some non-verbal and some had their own signs that they would use.

On my placement some days were easier than others and I have realised that’s that is part of the job. On some days a service user may be having a bad day and because of that looking after them can be that bit harder as they can become aggressive or violent. In which both I have experienced while on my placement. I feel witnessing this happen and how the staff reacted and handled these situations impacted on my learning greatly. One case such as a Service User lashing out because their routine has changed such as leaving the centre early or a member of staff being absent that that. Things like that would throw the Service User of which would cause him to lash out at staff members and other Service Users. The staff dealt with this by telling the Service User well in advance if there would be any upcoming changes. With this it helped him as it would come to him as a surprise. During my time on placement I did up some social stories for the service users for their behaviours, the social stories were used to address specific situations. It is a way of teaching social norms in a way that is more personalised and suited to the service user.

The part in which I felt most at ease was how involved they let me be such as taken the Service Users out of the centre for a walk or over to mass. I would also help cover the room while if a worker was out as I had gotten to know the service users inside out, from their routine, moods and temperaments, such as what would set them off and how to calm them. At this stage of my placement I began to feel confident interacting with the staff and the Service Users. Usually when I covered the room the staff would be doing paper work, being unable to help with this I would mix with the services users, chatting to them, playing games with them or helping them use an iPad or computer. During these times I really got to know the Service Users as individuals I felt it was important to get them know them as time went on from this I definitely felt this benefited me.

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Cyber Laws in India – Pornography

Contents

Abstract
Introduction
Need For Cyber Law
Information Technology-act 2000
Information Technology-act 2008
Conclusion

Abstract

The evolution and network gave rise to cyber space which controls and manages to provide equal opportunities and facilities to all the people to access any kind of information. Due to gradually increase of the internet abusage of technology is broadening gradually which tends to cybercrimes. Cybercrime is basically an unlawful act that leads to criminal activity. Cyber Security, a mechanism by which computer information are protected from unauthorized and illegal access. This paper illustrates and focuses on cybercrime, its impact on society, types of threats, and cyber security. Nowadays Computer crime issues and thefts have become tremendously high-profile, particularly those surrounding copyright infringement, hacking, child pornography, child grooming, and spoofing.

Introduction

often in the context of business or other enterprises IT body. The Technology manly growth in The use of computer is not limited to established institutions or organization, but available to every individual at the swipe of a finger. IT has eased out almost every humanized action. The unparalleled use of internet in our day-to-day lives also led to commencement of misuse of internet like data theft, illegal personal, and interference with privacy, cybercrimes.

Computer crime can be summarized as a criminal activity which involves information technology infrastructure, in addition to unauthorized access, illegal interception, any data interference, computer or systems interference, abusage of devices, forgery, blackmail, embezzlement, and some electronic fraud. There exits privacy issues whenever any confidential information or data is hijack or lost, either lawfully or otherwise. Cybercrime cells are there in states basically to handle these crimes, and to expel or punish the netizens or criminals committing any of the cybercrime. It basically ranges from theft of an individual’s identity entire disruption of a particular country’s Internet and network connectivity due to massive attacks across its networking resources. In this digital age, online communication now become a norm, the internet users and the government are at a enlarged risk of becoming the bull's-eye of the cyber attacks.

Cybercrime can cause harm to any organization Hacking of the ATM password, transferring the money by hacking the bank account details of the victim's account to theirs, some pornography issues are some of the thefts that are handled by educated people. There is an urge to implement some of the rules and regulations, to tackle and handle these crimes governing cyber space particularly known as Cyber Law Cyber security requires global co-operation to deal with the security of cyber space. It protects computer equipment, resources of computer or system, information and data from any unauthorized access and the disclosure. During this paper different kinds of attacks and threats are overviewed. Each and every attack is described firmly, category of hackers are also reviewed. In section II, cybercrime is detailed along with its two classifications of forms of crimes.

Need For Cyber Law

In - Internet was initially developed as a research and information sharing tool and was in an unregulated manner. As the time passed by it became more transactional with e-business, e-commerce, e-governance and e-procurement etc. All legal issues related to internet crime are dealt with through cyber laws. As the number of internet users is on the rise, the need for cyber laws and their application has also gathered great momentum.

In today’s highly digitalized world, almost everyone is affected by cyber law. For example:

Almost all transactions in shares are in demat form.
Almost all companies extensively depend upon their computer networks and keep their valuable data in electronic form.
Government forms including income tax returns, company law forms etc. are now filled in electronic form.
Consumers are increasingly using credit/debit cards for shopping.
Most people are using email, phones and SMS messages for communication.
Even in “non-cybercrime” cases, important evidence is found in computers/cell phones eg: in cases of murder, divorce, kidnapping, tax evasion, organized crime, terrorist operations, counterfeit currency etc.
Cybercrime cases such as online banking frauds, online share trading fraud, source code theft, credit card fraud, tax evasion, virus attacks, cyber sabotage, phishing attacks, email hijacking, denial of service, hacking, pornography etc. are becoming common.
Digital signatures and e-contracts are fast replacing conventional method of transacting business. 6. INTRODUCTION OF CYBER LAW

The existing laws of India, even with the most compassionate and liberal interpretation could not be interpreted in the light of the emergency cyberspace, to include all aspects relating to different activities in cyberspace. In fact, the practical experience and the wisdom of judgement found that it shall not be without major threats and pitfalls, if the existing laws were to be interpreted in the scenario of emerging cyberspace, without enacting new cyber laws. Hence, the need for enactment of relevant cyber laws.

None of the existing laws gave any legal validity or sanction to the activities in Cyberspace. For example, the Net is used by a large majority of users for email. Yet till today, email id not “legal” in our country. There is no law in the country, which gives legal validity, and sanction to email. Courts and judiciary in our country have been reluctant to grant judicial recognition to the legality of email in the absence of any specific law having been enacted by the Parliament. As suin India.

Information Technology-act 2000

In India, cyber laws are contained in the Information Technology Act, 2000 ('IT Act') which came into force on October 17, 2000. The main purpose of the Act is to provide legal recognition to electronic commerce and to facilitate filing of electronic records with the Government Information Technology Act, 2000 is India’s mother legislation regulating these of computers, computer systems and computer networks as also data and information in the electronic format. This legislation has touched varied aspects pertaining to electronic authentication, digital (electronic) signatures, cybercrimes and liability of network service providers.

Advantages of I.T. Act 2000:

Helpful to promote e-commerce:

Email is valid
Digital signature is valid.
Payment via credit card is valid.
Online contract is valid

Enhance the corporate business:

After issuing digital signature, certificate by Certifying authority, now Indian corporate business can enhance.

Filling online forms:

After providing facility, filling online forms for different purposes has become so easy.

High penalty for cybercrime:

Law has power to penalize for doing any cbercrime. After making of this law, nos. of cyber crime has reduced.
Shortcoming of I.T. nd will.
Act is silent on taxation.
No, provision of payment of stamp duty on electronic documents.

Information Technology-act 2008

The IT Act 2000, being the first legislation on technology, computers, e-commerce and e-communication, was the subject of extensive debates, elaborate reviews with one arm of the industry criticizing some sections of the Act to be draconian and other stating it is too diluted and lenient. There were some obvious omissions too resulting in the investigators relying more and more on the time-tested (one and half century-old) Indian Penal Code even in technology based cases with the IT Act also being referred in the process with the reliance more on IPC rather on the ITA.

Thus the need for an amendment – a detailed one – was felt for the I.T. Act. Major industry bodies were consulted and advisory groups were formed to go into the perceived lacunae in the I.T. Act and comparing it with similar legislations in other nations and to suggest recommendations. Such recommendations were analyzed and subsequently taken up as a comprehensive Amendment Act and after considerable administrative procedures, the consolidated amendment called the Information Technology Amendment Act 2008 was placed in the Parliament and passed at the end of 2008. The IT Amendment Act 200nature technology neutral

Defining reasonable security practices to be followed by corporate
Redefining the role of intermediaries
Recognizing the role of Indian Computer Emergency Response Team
Inclusion of some additional cybercrimes like child pornography and cyber terrorism
Authorizing an Inspector to investigate cyber offences (as against the DSP earlier)

The term 'digital signature' has been replaced with 'electronic signature' to make the Act more technology neutral. A new section has been inserted to define 'communication device' to mean cell phones, personal digital assistance or combination of both or any other device used to communicate, send or transmit any text video, audio or image. A new section has been added to define cyber cafe as any facility from where the access to the internet is offered by any person in the ordinary course of business to the members of the public. New Section to address data protection and privacy -Section 43 Body corporate to implement best security practices-Sections 43A &72A.

Conclusion

In this modern of technology Indian cyber law, the role and usage of internet is increasing worldwide rapidly, therefore it becomes easy for cyber criminals to access any data and information with the help of their knowledge and their expertise. Cybercrime is an unlawful act or a menace that needs to be tackled firmly and effectively. There is a need to create more awareness among the people and basically users of internet about cyber space, diverse forms of cybercrime and some preventive measures as “Prevention is always better than cure”, so it is seriously advised to take some previous precautions while operating the internet.

Security nowadays is becoming a prominent and major concern. In the following paper, some IT Law & security issues are introduced, threats, Trojans, and attacks over internet. Computer security becomes critical in many of the technology-driven industries which operate on the computer systems. Computer security is nothing more than computer safety. Countless vulnerabilities and computer or network based issues are acts as an integral part of maintaining an operational industry.

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Prostitution, Pornography and Sexism

When looking at how prostitution, pornography, and sexism affect each other, we see that sexism has caused and increased negativity towards individuals in this industry. An article by Susan Pharr called “Homophobia A Weapon of Sexism,” states that men “profit from women’s bodies through pornography, prostitution, and international female sexual slavery.” (Pharr 1997) In a study from Gert Martin Hald called “Pornography and Sexist Attitudes Among Heterosexuals,” stated that men who watched pornography were “significantly associated with less egalitarian attitudes toward women and more hostile sexism.” (Hald 2013) We know from our book that pornography and prostitution is a million dollar industry. For example, for pornography it is a $10 billion industry with investors, filmmakers, and store owners profiting. (Kendall 2012) Our book also states that women are more likely to get into legal trouble than men in the prostitution industry. For, female prostitutes 70% of all arrests for prostitution-related offenses, whereas male prostitutes, pimps, and customers make up only 30% of this population. (Kendall 2012)

In regards to race, there are many racial-ethinic issues raised in the prostitution and pornagraphy industry. Racism has affected the individuals in the prostitution and prognography industries. Our book states that for prostitution, the image of black women as promiscuous is widespread and more whites are arrested for prostitution than any other races. (Kendall 2012) These two groups of individuals are more susceptible to legal issues. For pornography, our book states that white women are more likely portrayed. In an article by Alice Mayall and Diana Russell called “Racism in Pornography,” stated that in regard to racial-ethnic groups that: white women are shown more because 'they fulfil traditional stereotypes equating female beauty' with skin and features. (Kendall 2012, pg 159) These examples show that prostitution and pornography can not only affect who can get jobs in this industry, but also cause an increase in racism in society.

Homophobia can also affect the type of job availability for LGBTQ individuals in this industry. Research has shown that individuals in the gay pornography industry face the same inequalities as others in the same industry. Those who are in the prostitution industry are also more susceptible to arrest, and more prone to violence. For social class we see that in both industries lower income and poverty-level women and men are more likely to be associated. Our book highlighted that in poorer countries both women and children are often sold into the sex trade. (Kendall 2012) We see that prostitution can result from class based inequalities. According to our book, Laura Kipnis a film scholar states in her study in 1996, that generally individuals think that people who appear in pornography “lack class” and 'opposition to pornography is a form of snobbery related to maintaining class distinctions in society.' (Kendall 2012, pg 159) We see here that pornogrpahy perpetuates social class inequality and social class inequality results in these industries.

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Mikaela Shelton – Pornography

Pornography Use

In today’s society there are many consumers who are viewing pornography. It is said that pornography is like a drug. Pornography is affecting not only the society, but as well as the induvial who is using it. Pornography is both an issue and a trouble. As referring to both of these issues having a focus on the society and trouble more towards an inviable.

The question is, how is porn an issue? There are so many individuals in today’s society who are consuming porn. How is it an issue? Some of the reasons why porn is an issue is because of where the porn comes from and how it is made. Some of the things that are happening because of porn in society are: sex trafficking, violence, how men and women view each other as objects, the list could go on and on. None the less all porn is bad and damaging to the society and individuals who are consuming it. Porn can pretty much be accessed anywhere and it is causing even children to view it which it is damaging the younger generation even more. There are children who are younger then 10 who is already becoming addicted to it. It is said that pornography, “causes depression and anxiety as well as the feeling of loneliness.” I believe that this could lead to individuals to being suicidal.

Is porn a trouble for an induvial? It is said that pornography rewires the induvial brain and porn can overpower the induvial natural ability to have true sex. Porn is not only harmful to the induvial who consumes, but to the people around them. When a induvial views porn, because their brain gets rewired due to them viewing it. It causes the induvial to look at individuals as sex objects. It is said that they also start to see themselves as sex objects as well. According to www.fightthenewdrug.org it says, “One of the dangers of porn is that it can distort the way a consumer sees people, causing him or her to see friends, family members, coworkers, or strangers on the street only as a sum of body parts, discarding their humanity. …Porn can kill love in friendships, relationships with family members, and others in porn consumers’ lives. And it doesn’t stop there, porn also has the potential to kill the love consumers have for themselves. Ultimately, this often leaves porn consumers feeling lonely.”

Where this is affecting both the society and the induvial who is using this some people are making money off of this. It’s very interesting that porn isn’t illegal only child porn is. If porn causes sex trafficking and violence then why is it not illegal for everyone?

www.fightthenewdrug.org

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Comparing Japanese and American Pornography

Contents

Early Forms of Pornography
Shunga
Daguerreotype
Porn for Men
Hentai versus Pornographic Live Films

Based off Merriam-Webster, pornography is the depiction of erotic behavior, in the form of pictures or writing, that is intended to cause sexual excitement. This nonbiased definition is standard worldwide; however, other cultures and societies have differing views of what constitutes sexual activity and excitement, and overtime what is deemed culturally or socially acceptable changes (Rissel, Richters, Visser, McKee, Yeung, & Caruana, 2017).

It’s very intriguing to learn how cultures differ with one another, and that awareness is even more of a necessity nowadays. In modern day society, the world is more connected with one another through the power of the Internet. Finding shared resources worldwide, such as pornographic material, is more convenient now that it is easily accessible online. In relation to pornography, this may open people to new sexual discoveries in the safety of their own home. However, some cultural differences that are important to be aware of are the differing legislations. It’s important to understand these discrepancies between cultures for personal safety. This paper aims to answer how and to what degree Japan’s porn industry differs from the United States’.

Early Forms of Pornography

Shunga

Shunga (??) is one of the oldest forms of pornography in Japan that was developed during the Edo period (1603 – 1868). According to Hayakawa and Gerstle (2013), shunga is believed to be the equivalent of modern pornography or contemporary erotic photography. However, unlike America’s modern-day view of pornography being “something that we should be embarrassed to view”, shunga was appreciated by people of all ages, gender, and socioeconomic status (Hayakawa et al., 2013). Despite shunga being illegal, it was not uncommon for families of all classes to include shunga in bride’s trousseau, because they were interpreted as talismans that would bring birth of children, good and intimate conjugal relations, and a successful household (Hayakawa et al., 2013). These woodblock prints often contained images of “massive genitalia, ingenious sexual aids, coupling of all kinds, a wide array of fetishes, bizarre viewpoints, physical anomalies, bawdy comedy, and satirical vignettes” (Brena, 2009). This is one of the forms of pornography that Japan has produced, and is quite different from the United States. It would be quite odd to see it as a necessity to offer a bride in the United States some erotica novels or a sexy calendar of men as a wedding gift. Overtime, the Japanese government steered the attitude towards shunga to one that is more negative, even frowning upon viewing it as an academic subject (Hayakawa et al., 2013). This shift in view of shunga further proves Rissel et al. (2017) point that what is deemed culturally or socially acceptable changes.

Daguerreotype

Much of the earliest pornography in the United States has not been academically documented and is often coinciding with European culture. The oldest documented form of pornography is daguerreotype. It is an exquisitely hand-colored photograph that exhibits careful arrangement of lighting and the model’s pose (Hannavy, 2008). Unlike shunga, it was initially designed as a person deluxe item to be enjoyed by the privileged. It wasn’t until the 1800s that a cheaper format was created and was made accessible to the working class. According to Hannavy (2008), the setting where the female is usually placed in is a private bedroom or toilet. The woman is often photographed appear as though she was caught stripping, or her private parts could be openly displayed. The woman is also often accessorized with jewelry, flowers, drapery, and lace. This created vivid contract of texture from the naked flesh (Hannavy, 2008).

Porn for Men

Hentai versus Pornographic Live Films

In modern-day Japan, two popular visual media that are classified as pornography are erotic anime and manga. The subgenre catered towards men is hentai (??), and the subgenre targeted towards women is yaoi (???). Anime can be perceived as the Japanese equivalent of America’s cartoons, and Japanese manga is similar to American comic books. American pornography is typically produced in the form of a magazine or live films. Despite having highly sexual cartoons such as Betty Boop, the Western attitude towards cartoons is that it’s childlike and very far from reality (Brena, 2009). For the most part society sees it as normal for men to watch pornography. However, the target audience for hentai is often recognized as otaku— “immature, socially awkward males unable to distinguish between fiction and reality and who would rather indulge in fantasies with animated, ultimately inaccessible girlfriends than interact with real women” (Brena, 2009).

Hentai, utilizes the idea of being far from reality and allows the audience to fill in their desires and incorporate their fantasies and imagination. The direct translation for hentai is “changed or strange figure”, and it typically refers to sexual material “of an extreme, ‘abnormal’ or ‘perverse’ kind” (Brena, 2009). It is also abbreviated as “H” and means “perverted” or “sexy” (Cornog & Perper, 2007). Much of hentai’s content is fixated on preposterous rape and nonconsensual sexual violence, and may have relations with sexual aggression (Reysen, Katzarska-Miller, Plante, Roberts, & Gerbasi, 2017).

Many of the elements, such as massive genitalia and wide array of fetishes, that makeup hentai are influenced by shunga. Western culture often views the content within hentai as grotesque and carnivalesque (Brena, 2009). To put into context of what abnormal sexual material hentai contains, Sudargo & Widjojo (2011) identified abnormal sexual terms from the DSM-IV and applied them to hentai. These include: fetishism, pedophilia, frotteurism, sexual masochism and sadism, transvestic fetishism, and voyeurism. However, they make the point that labelling hentai strictly as a pervert pornography for people with abnormal psychology no longer stands, and it is now a common form of pornography. For the most part society sees it as normal for men to watch pornography.

A big distinction between American pornographic live films and Japanese hentai is what the audience wishes to experience (Brena, 2009). With American pornographic live films, it’s all about the viewers imagining themselves as part of the film. However, hentai taps into the sensorial memory. It takes objects that are recognizable through touch, smell, sight, and taste, and can create a body of sensations that viewers know from their own physical experiences. An example provided by Brena (2009) is that hentai girl’s animated breasts stimulate sensorial input and “send(s) our mind into a series of barely conscious analogies: objects that are soft but firm, warm, pulsating”.

Majority of the depictions of women bodies in hentai are relatively uniform, which can be appealing because it leaves general human physical traits to be interpreted and “filled in” by the viewer, and it “becomes a vessel for viewers’ own desires” (Brena, 2009). Not only does hentai allow viewers to project their own fantasies, they are also able to disconnect from responsibility and reality and travel to an “imaginary space”. An analogy provided by Brena (2009), is that the difference between live films and animation are the equivalent of the differences between photography and painting. A photograph is a genuine record of reality, while a painting is open for interpretation and can be a symbol of reality.

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First Steps – Piano

PianoI was well into my fourth—and last—year of piano lessons when I showed my dad John Coltrane’s Giant Steps. His initial reaction, an unresounding “turn the noise off.”

Like my dad, I was a self-appointed music critic with a peculiar interest in math and science. Unconventionally fluent in modern beats and chromatic melodies, my musical training was limited to Chinese ballads and the few sonatas and etudes my piano teacher selected from the classical canon. My father’s came from childhood tunes. Needless to say, he was left unimpressed by Tommy Flanagan’s disjointed improvisation to seemingly dissonant and unrelated chord changes.

To my surprise, however, I was hooked. The music was different. Faster tempos. Notes much more colorful and random than their classical counterparts. Absence of traditional dynamics. Melodies that meandered spontaneously. Seemingly misplaced accidentals and off-beat riffs, entire sections of improvisation, reviving the music with a new richness and energy.

In an effort to understand these unfamiliar sounds, I stumbled upon the circle of fifths. Unknown to me at the time, this was music theory’s most basic concept, a tool musicians used to craft journeys, evoke emotions, and guide their listeners home. In Coltrane’s own Circle of Tones, I saw connections and relationships between keys expressed in geometric patterns and graphs, the diagram a beautiful enigma that connected musical expression to structure. And in his Steps, I saw his genius, able to improvise effortlessly over chord changes situated on key centers furthest apart on the circle, subverting centuries of traditional technique and classical convention.

I played the song again, this time listening for musical nuances.

That day was a humbling experience. Sitting beside my piano, I had a self-conscious epiphany: that I knew nothing about music. At fifteen, I was used to being the piano man, acing Hanon exercises, learning new songs without much practice, four years of feeling “musically gifted” overturned in less than five minutes.

At the same time, my confusion brought a completely different realization. Not understanding any of the music felt almost free, untethering me from my preconceived notions. It left me wondering about other possibilities, forms of music I’ve yet to discover. Somehow, listening to Steps rekindled my natural intellectual curiosity for the unknown. Coltrane’s music and ideas had sparked within me a hint of unconventionality, an appeal to explore beyond what I thought I already knew.

Though my first experience with jazz seemed insignificant at the time, it was the first—and perhaps the most defining—moment of my intellectual journey, initiating a cascade of events in the subsequent days and years that followed: days where I pushed boundaries, asked questions no one thought to be asked, ventured beyond my comfort zone towards new knowledge and experiences, days where I fumbled across the keys over and over again until I arrived at new melodies. Before I knew it, these guiding principles would cement themselves into my subconscious and drive my pursuit of passions in other aspects of my life.

My fascination in jazz is rooted in its idiosyncratic beats, its complexities too abstract to be interpreted in any single way, and the underlying theory and patterns that are waiting to be discovered. And although it’s odd to say, it is this avant-garde musical style and mentality, the subversion and reinvention of traditional ideas that I found my first time listening to jazz, that I hope to bring to Harvard.

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The Soft Melody Accompaniment

The concert environment was quite simplistic. On the stage Ms. Freeland stood center stage while playing the flute. Mrs. Pearson was further behind her while playing the piano. The performance hall was an auditorium where the stage simply had the two instruments and performers. The audience surrounded the stage resulting in the stage being the center of attention.

The piece I most enjoyed was Andante Pastorale by Paul Taffanel. I loved how the piece reminded me where I grew up. I grew up in the country surrounded by nature, and the moderate tempo of this piece was reminiscent of that time in my life. The contrast in dynamics between the instruments was also something I enjoyed about this piece. The piano held a more constant dynamic, while the flute presented a wide range of degrees of loudness. This contrast was pleasing to me and I also loved how the melody was portrayed using the piano. The soft melody accompaniment in the background provided this piece with a soothing tone which was quite relaxing. I loved how the homophonic texture of this piece allowed for the flute to be clearly identified since there were no competing melodies.

The piece I liked the least was the allegro giocoso quasi fandango. This is the final movement in Burton’s Sonatina. I did not like the allegro tempo, it is much faster than the first two movements. This rushed method did not give me time to process the two instruments individually. I didn’t like how this piece opened with quick segments with the rushed tempo, I found it quite sudden and less smoothening than previous movements. I also didn’t like how the flute seemed to take over this piece I enjoyed the mix between the piano and flute, but felt like the piano was somewhat absent in this piece. I also did not like the change in tempo I felt as though it distracted from the melody which I thoroughly enjoyed.

Paul Taffanel composer of Andante Pastorale, is a French composer born in 1844. Taffanel was a flautist and composer during the late 19th century. Taffanel learned to play the flute form his father at the age of nine. At the age of ten Taffanel completed his first composition. To further advance his studies Taffanel went and studied under Louis Dorus. At the age of twenty Taffanel joined the Paris Opera orchestra. Taffanel later preformed as the solo flautist for the orchestra. Taffanel became the conductor in 1890. In 1893 Taffanel returned to the Paris Conservatory and began his teaching career. Taffanel composed chamber music for flute and other wind instruments, but his best known words include the flute and piano. Taffanel is best known as the founder of the French school. This was a school for flautist, his lasting imprint on the school and the schools imprint on music history makes Taffanel one of the most influential flautist in history.

I would attend another concert of recital. Originally when this assignment was presented I was less than enthused. I remember going to concerts as a child and the resentment I had to them. I credit this resentment with lack of understanding in regard to the complexity of what was occurring. Looking back, I paid such little attention to what instruments were being played much less the musical elements present within the piece. Know being able to identify things such as the melody, meter, texture, and even dynamic have really opened my eyes to mastery that corresponds with preforming these concerts. I would absolutely recommend this concert to others.

There is such a wide range of tempo and dynamics, it really has something to everyone. I have already shared my opinion on this concert with several of my friends, some of which have already stated they would like to attend the next possible showing. Again, upon entering the hall is had the same expectations I held as a child. I expected the concert to be methodical and not really grab my attention; however, midway through the first piece the change in dynamics as well as tempo had my full attention. In the second piece the three individual movements all presented their own uniqueness which I found extremely interesting.

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Musical Works – Piano

The recital hall was full at this performance. The stage was dark, and the only thing visible was a piano with a sheet hanging above the bench. Once the program was ready to start, the lights were turned off throughout the recital hall. The performance had a much more eerie feeling than any other concert I have attended. As the concert began, the title of each piece was displayed behind the piano. A video, which included photos of abandoned buildings and other creepy locations, played as well. All the technology came together to produce quite an interesting experience.

“Prelude No. 12 in G# Minor,” by Sergei Rachmaninoff was part of a group of 23 other preludes composed by Rachmaninoff. These preludes were originally intended to be used as showcase pieces for virtuoso pianists. It took 20 years for all 24 pieces to be published. Rachmaninoff also practiced techniques established by Bach. The technique, writing several pieces in different keys, was used by Bach, Chopin, and Rachmaninoff to see the potential of each key in music. Rachmaninoff was considered the final great composer of the Romantic period in Russia. Most of his works were published in the twentieth century, but these later works still embodied the musical styles of the Romantic period.

“Muerte del Angel,” by Astor Piazzolla was a freestanding piece, but it is connected to a list of other pieces that have the same theme: angels. Piazzolla never really wrote a full suite, but these pieces come very close since they are all connected by a central theme. Piazzolla created a new form of tango that combined jazz and classical music. He started his own orchestra at the age of 25 where he experimented with the tango. He continued to experiment with the tango, developing new harmonies and rhythmic styles, at the request of his teacher in Paris. His new musical style was not well-received in Argentina until around the 1970s, but it was appreciated in the United States well before the 1970s. He moved between the United States, Paris, and Argentina until his music became more popular in his home country of Argentina. Once his music became popular, it was widely used in film and television productions.

During the concert there were some technical difficulties. The speakers started to produce static during one of the pieces. This continued off and on throughout the piece. Also, the title of each song was displayed on screen behind the piano, but the title of one of the pieces kept reappearing on the screen during other songs. This started towards the beginning of the performance and continued throughout the entire concert.

The concert helped me appreciate the technological aspect of music. There was an abundance of technology from the screen and “ghost” projection, to the piano itself. The piano, a Yamaha DCFX, combined with the other technology to give the performance a very realistic effect. It felt as if someone was really playing the piano, even though there was no one at the bench. Before the concert, I did not know how much other types of technology could play a role in bringing music to life. This concert also introduced me to a few pieces that I thoroughly enjoyed, despite never hearing them. I came to appreciate these pieces a lot, partly due to the talent of the musicians as well as the setting of the concert. The entire concert provided me with a great first impression of several songs.

I also developed a new appreciation for a couple of songs that I already enjoyed before the concert. The addition of the video and projector technology made me appreciate and enjoy those pieces even more. The musical styles I heard throughout the concert seemed to be aligned with the Romantic period, so the styles were more pleasant than some of the twentieth century styles I have heard. Through this concert, I came to appreciate the conservative styles of the Romantic period.

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Felix Mendelssohn – Piano Genius

Felix Mendelssohn created dozens of songs without words. One of the most famous pieces is “Spring Song” also known as ‘’Frühlingslied’’ in German. This song is mostly heard in cartoons and movies to express a funny moment this piece was published by Armstrong music in New York. The song shows an image of two females lying in a grass field.

The Instruments that were playing in Spring Song were piano, violin, cello, flute and clarinet. The Spring Song is a slow and it doesn’t change but is a calm and relaxing. Its starts off with playing the piano and then once it hits a minute the other instruments start playing. The piano has its solo in the beginning. There isn’t much movement in the song.

Song 2 Songs Without Words

The sheet music is the song called “Songs Without Words” composed by Felix Mendelssohn in 1847. The song is A major.

Another popular song by Felix Mendelssohn is called “song without words”. This was one of the first songs he ever created. Many people did not understand the music but Felix eventually explained to the public that your supposed to interpret the music yourself. Lots of People complained that the music doesn’t make sense due to not having words.

The instruments that play in Songs Without Words are Piano, Violin and Cello. The song starts off as slow and then starts rising and getting a little faster. All the instruments start to play together when the song starts to rise and then when the song starts to lower down it starts to become a solo with just the piano. There is some movement when the song starts to rise up and starts going a little faster. The melody is all on the piano and it starts to rise at minute 1:20.

Song 3 A Midsummer Night’s Dream

The sheet music is the song called “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” composed by Felix Mendelssohn in London 1594 or 1595. The song is E Major.

The third song we chose by Felix is called “a midsummer night dream“. Felix Mendelssohn made this song for Shakespeare’s play “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”. Not only is it a popular song because the play but it is also still a mainstay of orchestral programs. The moral of the play is love at first sight.

In A Midsummer Night’s Dream the instruments that play are four woodwind chords, two flutes, clarinets, bassons and horns. The song is a fast playing song and it doesn’t change much but slows down then speeds up. All the instruments play all the time but when it slows down only one instrument plays then speeds up and all the instruments join. There is a solo for a whole minute of the first part of the song and it's a violin.

Song 4 Elijah

The sheet music is the song called “Elijah” composed by Felix Mendelssohn in England in 1846. The song is A major.

The last song we chose is called “elijah” and is based of the bible. This song is full of emotion from the arias. After the first show of this song at St. Paul, in 1836, he thought it would be a great idea to have a subject of an old testament prophet to create the perfect music.

In the song Elijah the instruments played are violin, piano and strings. The song starts off a dark slow style and then slowly starts rising up. It changes slowly and rising the attention in the music attitude. In the first thirty seconds the instruments don’t play but then they all start to play once the song is rising up. There isn't any solos but there is multiple movements when the theme is melody changes. The melody changes into a dark feeling in between minutes 4 and 5 minutes of the beginning of the song.

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The Piano Lesson, how i Learned to Drive

John Huston Finley, a former Professor of Politics at Princeton University, reflected on maturity; defining it as “the capacity to endure uncertainty” (Maturity). Each individual has a moral obligation to attain maturity and a sense of self as we age. Some mature early in life, while others never fully reach emotional maturation. Although maturity is not a natural consequence of aging, an individuals’ willingness to experience life while having the flexibility to adapt and change can support personal growth. We must also learn to respect the differences and perspectives of others, considering that maturity can be categorized as a discipline rather than a trait. It is ultimately a sign of intelligence, learning to properly respond to your environment with intentions of responsibility. Through Wilson’s The Piano Lesson and Vogel’s How I Learned to Drive, characters embody maturity and confirm it to be a discipline that is learned rather than acquired.

Within Wilson’s The Piano Lesson, Boy Willie introduces the play’s central conflict. His character drives the plot, shaping the dramatic structure of the play. His impulsive nature encourages a lofty goal of selling the family’s heirloom, a hand-carved piano, to purchase Sutter's land, where his family was originally enslaved. This, in addition to revealing stage directions, represents his brash character and childlike inclinations. In contrast to his tendency to seemingly disregard his family’s traumatic past, he is especially passionate regarding questions of race. He refuses to accommodate the current racial situation, declaring himself equal to his white peers. He insists that he is deserving of a higher quality of life, thus his intentions of impacting the world around him. Willie seeks Sutter's land as a means of leveling the playing field with his white neighbor. Sutter’s land contrasts from the setting of the play’s action, Doaker Charles’ home which lacks warmth and vigor despite Berniece’s presence. Adding value to himself and attempting to add respect behind his family’s name, Willie is demonstrating emotional maturity.

The Piano Lesson is a testimony to Willie’s personal growth and relationship with maturity as his environmental awareness increases throughout the piece. He begins to more successfully understand and manage his emotions, maintaining a calmer exterior; recognizing that vision and empathy have the potential to work for and against one another. Willie begins to take responsibility for his own happiness, creating goals and defining a flexible plan for individual and familial success. He additionally learns to respect boundaries, recognizing when it is appropriate to stop arguing. Allowing Bernice to keep the piano, Willie is accepting that the family heirloom has a value that it deeper than money or physical land. He has come to respect the perspectives of his family, relaxing his body language and tone, no longer indulging in comparisons of an alternative lifestyle.

As Boy Willie accepts change within himself, Li’l Bit embraces internal change and finds control within the chaos of her life. Despite this growth, the structure of the piece defies the natural process of aging. Vogel’s How I Learned to Drive presents Li’l Bit as a grown woman in her thirties and moves backward through her life. This intentional element of drama, reveals the details of her relationship with Peck in a style that varies from her true experience. In the opening scene, Li’l Bit is seventeen and presents the audience with a bold statement, “I am very old, very cynical of the world, and I know it all.” Questioning assumptions that typically connect chronological development and maturity, the piece redefines the significance of growing up.

Similar to Willie’s grasping of his moral responsibility, Li’l Bit begins to comprehend her potential for emotional development. Ultimately terminating the unhealthy relationship with her uncle that she has fostered for years, she acknowledges the events that originally drove her to him. Her name, a symbol, is suggestive of the kind of background she comes from, in which family members have nicknames with sexual connotations. She basks in the attention that he gives her throughout the years, posing for pictures and accepting gifts. When, at puberty, her breasts develop, her mother and grandparents make her self-conscious, and other children at school make her feel like an outcast, but Peck speaks to her sympathetically.

We can ultimately conclude that the relationship is questionable; Peck’s desire for control overpowering his seemingly calm and careful demeanor. He appears gentle, depressed and clean of the standard “predatory monster” characteristics. His character, fascinating to Li’l Bit, likely increased her desire to care for Peck and defend him from rumors of scandal. In order for the audience to understand Li’l Bit’s decisions, they must understand that this is not a typical story of a one-dimensional abuse but represents the uncomfortable encounters of two damaged people. They must additionally recognize the nature of learning within her character and understand that their ability to predict her character is rooted within personal expectations and familiarity with dramatic character roles. Identifying Li’l Bit as the protagonist and understanding the limitations of time, the audience accepts Li’l Bit as far from “typical innocent victim” with little hesitation. The piece encourages the audience to sympathize with and in a way admire Li’l Bit while we are to interpret Peck in a negative light.

For Li’l Bit, learning to mature means understanding, rather than simply accumulating experience, and her process of understanding unfolds in a scattered timeline. Despite her young age during the earliest chronological scene, Li’l Bit is intellectually mature. She understands her situation more clearly than many adults would and conceals any blame she knows Peck deserves. Learning from her family to hold a mature perspective of sex at a young age, Li’l Bit allows knowledge to obscure her need for emotional growth.

The most vital element of this growth requires her to distance herself from her family, especially from Peck. She eventually releases Peck’s presence, feeling grateful to him for the freedom of driving. Symbolically leaving the past behind her, Li’l Bit visualizes Peck in her rearview mirror. Her conscious decision to drive off distances her from the uncertainties she previously endured; proving her maturity within the eyes of Professor Finley. This release additionally satisfies the hopes and possible expectations of the audience, completing the cycle of plot and wrapping up the remaining details of the piece.

Although maturity does not directly correlate with typical education, learning and maturation are closely interrelated. Maturation often compensates for the gaps of change that learning presents an individual. Through Wilson’s The Piano Lesson and Vogel’s How I Learned to Drive, Boy Willie and Li’l Bit discover the significance of learning maturity for the protection of relationships, safety, and the increased potential for a rewarding life. Working to understand the impact they have on those around them, the characters embrace their emotional growth and recognize the substance found within their experience.

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Renzo Piano

Piano earned his Architectural degree from the Politecnico di Milano in 1964. He then went on to apprentice at Louis Kahn’s office. Although he was born into a family of builder contractors, his international recognition did not come until 1971. The French Ministry of Culture decided to hold a design competition for a new building that would be named after the current president, Georges Pompidou. Piano entered the competition with Richard Rogers, and eventually won. Their design was a ten-floor building with seven above ground and three below ground levels, entirely made of steel. What made their design stick out to the judges, was the idea of the innards of the building, becoming the exterior walls.

Piano and Rogers wanted to achieve maximum flexibility with what was going inside of the building, so the services and circulation pipes all were placed outside. Massive 48-meter warren trusses span the full width of the building, connected to columns at each end by gerberette; a die-cast steel. Another distinction of the Pompidou Center that made it stand out from the rest of the designs, was the vast amounts of color present. Each of the different services and circulation components were signified by a specific color. Blue was for air conditioning, yellow was for electricity, green was for water, and red was for lifts and escalators. This form of transparency of a building’s components is what attracted so many people to its beautiful façade. This entire set up of visible structural components of the building, eliminates the need for internal supports to hold all of this up, allowing huge amounts of free space to work with inside. Inside included a big entrance Forum with galleries and other pieces of art.

Vast libraries of other departments of French foundations, including the Atelier Brancusi and the Institute for music/acoustic research and coordination (IRCAM). The public could not seem to get around to this modern design and many thought it stuck out like a sore thumb from its nineteenth century surroundings. However, after completion, the public could not stay away, as more than 150 million visitors passed through the doors to this day. The overpowering popularity made the center close the building to enlarge spaces for more pedestrian traffic flow and also renovate some of the outdated parts of the building. The Pompidou Center reopened in 2000. Today, more than 3800 people visit the Pompidou Center every day, averaging at 1.1 million each year. This piece of art is what made Renzo Piano, the star architect he is today, and that this building, and his design for the Pompidou Center, was just the beginning of the legacy Renzo Piano wants to leave behind.

Piano’s first major project in New York City, turned out to be the new headquarters for the New York Times. This building was a part of New York City’s 42nd Street development plan and was the last site to be constructed on it. The building is seventeen feet back from Eighth Avenue and eight feet back from 40th Street, allowing for a more breathable pedestrian circulation. To also allow for more circulation, there is open access as a shortcut to get from 40th to 41st streets. Floors zero to four step out behind the tower to fill the plot of land with a four-story podium. The lower section of the building is the newspaper’s newsroom. The newsroom carries the nickname, “The Bakery” because most of the journalists are working overnight, preparing the next day’s paper.

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Discuss the Impact of Social Media on Lifelong Learning

Contents

Social media and learning
E-learning vs Social media
Social media tools for promoting lifelong learning
Limitation of social media on lifelong learning

Learning, what is lifelong learning? Why do individual constantly have to learn? Lifelong learners are those people who continue to learn even after they had finish school. Formally or informally all of us are lifelong learners .Learning is not just taking a book and read, according to (Albert Bandura 1925-present) learning refer to learn from one another ,via interaction with other, imitations, and modelling. Moreover, consider Delor’s point of view of lifelong learning, learning refer to what we know learn something that we were not aware before ,what to do with whatever we have learn how to use the knowledge acquire, how to live together and with other meaning our interaction with other how to get along and how to be , refers to our personality. Learning has been considered as a ‘social activity’ by psychologists. People get into lifelong learning to stay connected to the world and not to remain obsolete to the evolution of the world which increasingly is growing up rapidly and with the innovation of social networks in and new technologies learning have become more accessible to everyone among all age groups who want to get engages into any vocational training or academic system.

Social media and learning

‘Social media refers to a set of web-based tools and services used for a wide range of applications (Lee, McLoughlin, 2010).’ Social media resources emphasize active participation, connectivity, collaboration, as well as sharing of knowledge and ideas among users. ‘Social media have contributed to an information society’ where learners get quick access to information required by using social networks and Google search for their research and projects. Furthermore, ‘It has also been argued that social media can be efficient and effective in lifelong learning by enabling people to keep up-to-date with new knowledge.’ ( Kind & Evans,2015). Technology and social media has created an ‘online communities’ that enable learners in all ages to get connect to the world of online educational society. Internet , and social media has made the wider world become a ‘global village’ through social networks. Thus, ‘Connecting through social media can bring those geographically diverse together in communication across time zones and continents.’ Moreover, social media has created a shared zone where all learners are able to communicate, chat ,share video and interact with other learners sharing common interest or just discuss about informal topics. The interactivity enable learners to express their point of view, feeling, and ideas without any community barriers . ‘There is great potential for social media to break down traditional hierarchies.’

Furthermore, social media provide platforms and applications that has drawn precisely for educational purposes. E-learning is an example of platform system, based on formalised teaching with the help of electronic devices that has been design to implement learners to achieve learning goals and quality learning experiences. Design and development of effective e-learning requires a number of analytics activities to help ensure learning takes place.’ While teaching can be based in or out of the classrooms, the use of computers and the Internet forms the major component of E-learning.‘ E-learning can also be termed as a network enabled transfer of skills and knowledge, and the delivery of education is made to a large number of recipients at the same or different times.’ ‘E-learning has proved to be the best means in the corporate sector, especially when training programs are conducted by MNCs for professionals across the globe and employees are able to acquire important skills while sitting in a board room, or by having seminars, which are conducted for employees of the same or the different organizations under one roof. The schools which use E-learning technologies are a step ahead of those which still have the traditional approach towards learning.’

E-learning vs Social media

E-learning and social media both have some similarities that promote lifelong learning as they are both cost efficiency, providing information at low cost and allows everyone to get access faster ,easy to use no need of high level education, E-learning link to formal education, and ‘ Content are updated by professionals’ and the limitation of E-learning are fixed, impersonal and lacks of social interaction whereas social media are more to be attractive and ‘quality of user’ and it limitation are distractive, can be either formal and informal education and ‘ content are driven by users.’

Social media tools for promoting lifelong learning

‘Social media tools make the learning environment more dynamic by supporting new features and characteristics. These features and tools facilitate the learning environment for both adult learners and educators and encourage them to take an effective role in creating and sharing the information rather than just access the content.’ Innovative technologies such as Smartphones, Tablets, and Laptop are social media tools that are being use to provide accurate and up-to-date information and enable learners to get quick access for their research. Combining social media in educative system activities create connection between learners and tutors increased their communication out of the classroom (Lee, McLoughlin 2010) suggest that online social networks enable learners and instructors to present themselves socially in an online environment and connect with one another and this enables learners to participate in a group learning process.’(Lui 2010 )mentions some social websites: Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, and Linkedin are tools that are engaged in socializing and interacting in learning and enable learners to get involved in developing new activities and skills such as writing skills and on the same time they develop the ability and understanding of using new electronic and digital devices.

Limitation of social media on lifelong learning

Researcher (Greenhow, Robelia, 2009) have identified risk that learner s may face up when using ‘ social software’ in educational system. ‘These include workload concerns for educators and students, lack of trust in peer feedback, ownership issues with regards to public and collaborative spaces, difficulty in adapting publicly available tools, and difficulty in protecting the anonymity of students. ‘Causes Face-to-Face Interactions to Feel Disconnected’’ Refers to ( Greenhow )suggestion learners loose their ability to do face to face communication and might cause problem when participate in an interview for professional reason. Causes Distractions Learners might also been distracted with other activities or websites rather than concentrate in their study. Furthermore, social media, ‘ Diminishes Understanding and Thoughtfulness’ learners do not really make efforts to understand by their own to answer questions as they know that all they required are available online. Facilitates Laziness just need to use Google Search and gain all information. ‘Conveys Inauthentic Expression of Feelings’ Learners used shorthand writing and most commonly Emoji to express their feeling rather than writing a complete phrase. Lack of emotional connection

Consider research and arguments, we can conclude that social media inevitable had an impacts of how learners has get into the trend as lifelong learning. Lifelong learning starts with learning even if itself. Social networks interfere by providing tools to complement our journey in gaining knowledge to promote skills.’ The web has become one of the channels of learning that opens the door for people around the world to access education for free, or for fewer costs.’ Technologies are being created and innovated every time to help in providing better finding and services it’s the learners how had the power to rather use these tools efficiently or not.

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Discuss The Impact Of Social Media On Lifelong Learning. (2021, Dec 31). Retrieved November 2, 2025 , from
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Development through Lifelong Learning Skills and Training

Contents

Abstract
Introduction
Start of Learning with continuous flow of positive Energy without End
Benefits of Lifelong Learning

Abstract

Learning is not only associated with formal education at school, college, university etc. ‘Schooling’ is only one type of learning which maximize our potential to find better, more satisfying jobs, earn more and perhaps become more successful in our chosen career. However, there are many more other opportunities to further enhance the knowledge and develop the skills we need throughout life. Learning happens all the time and is unavoidable, uncontrolled process of lifelong time. Lifelong learning is about creating and maintaining a positive attitude towards learning both for professional development, earning for life and personal adjustment in society. Lifelong learners are always motivated to learn and make others to learn for others’ better development. It provides better opportunities which enhance the understanding for the world around us and improve our quality of life.

Introduction

Learning throughout the life is like continuous flow of thoughts for analyzing the requirements and deciding short objectives to be achieved successfully within time, needs many learning skills enabling personal growth are : Self motivation, ability to learn, acquiring relevant and meaningful information (through listening, observing ,experiencing, experimenting and then practicing and develop this into knowledge) ,Search ( searching for a personal meaning in the knowledge acquired),Examine ( the knowledge and try to keep mind open for questioning for understanding to new information), Reflect (whatever is learned is reflected by thinking, why and how is learned different conditions, subject , topics ,odd or even situations after and before the development of the particular knowledge).

The Department of Lifelong Learning and Extension [DLLE] (known earlier as Department of Adult and Continuing Education and Extension) established on October 12, in the Year 1978 and has been recognized as a statutory Department of the University of Mumbai since 1994 to promote a meaningful and sustained rapport between the Universities and the community. The DLLE offers flexible Continuing Education opportunities and every year students of different colleges do projects for their skill development and social services involved for the betterment of society.

Lifelong Learning Skills (LLS) provide the foundation for learning and working. They broadly support student thinking, self-management, and social interaction, enabling the pursuit of education and career goals. Collectively, LLS are the means by which students master academic content and translate knowledge into action. There is a growing consensus among researchers that LLS are discretely identifiable and actionable levers of support for meeting college and career readiness (CCR) objectives.

Start of Learning with continuous flow of positive Energy without End

Life long learning can be understood as ‘the life starts the learning start and continues whole life for the life.” Learning in different time duration in life span can be understood better if dividing in different levels as follows:

Level-I Learning : ( At the Start of life )From the first day of the life, infant and the mother start learning about each other by touching, speaking, hearing,seeing, tasting, and feeling. Depending on the five senses the development and learning start. Efficiency and weaknesses in the physical, emotional and mental growth of child and mother which depends on the balanced diet and care, results in the overall growth. It needs proper knowledge about food, health, emotions, different needs and effects of environment to mother which can be possible after proper training and learning .I consider it as the first level learning which is necessary and urgent need for girls of the present time for which proper training centers should be started where primary knowledge of child birth ,proper caring of new born child, Home science, Medical field, child Psychology are necessary. Presently in the society elderly persons are the only social agents giving their experiences to next generation believing whatever they think and instruct is absolutely correct. This level of Learning can be made one of the objectives of the DLLE in which our students who are the integral part of our society, can be given practice in the form of the DLLE project.

Level-II Learning: (school time)

First day of the small lovely innocent child who is unfamiliar with school and not prepared for new place and new people other than parents and home, goes to school. Parents wait for their child going to school but what will child face in school . It comes in child’s mind as event of separation from parents. So every child cries for many days in the morning before going to school. This is the time when child should be made more comfortable and should be made ready to learn while playing, facing new environment in school instead of becoming fearful of separation from parents. How child can learn new things properly if child has fear. It needs training to parents how they made their young one ready for learning and feel happy at every step of learning. This is the time when the most important development of learning skills starts. In other words it is the time of starting of personality development because how child observes, understands ,analyses , shares , enquires, asks and communicate .If there is even miner defect in child’s growth in his senses ( detected or undetected) , or environment is not comfortable then small fears with hesitation starts and become large hurdle in the growth of communication skill and child starts avoiding learning and study. Disliking and avoiding learning affects personality development that results poor performance and suppression. Here the role of mentor, teacher and parents starts , noticing the changes in behavior and different activities .Child needs healthy communication so that problems of child can be resolved in time. Only classroom teaching is not sufficient. So there should be good trained communicators and counselor for handling child’s problem.Strong foundations for learning and addressing disadvantages without good-quality early childhood care and education awareness may be one of the theme of DLLE.

Level-III Learning: ( std 1 to 5)

This group of learners are very prompt and follow instructions 100%. Child has to listen, follow the instructions, behave in certain pattern, cope up with language differences, cultural differences, ability to cope up with environment differences e.g. slowly learning other language, speaking, talking , and writing with equal pace as others do, making friends for making environment familiar, learning from other children .These all become the deciding factors for overall growth and finally results in liking learning or somehow managing the school study .This is the main time to inculcate the habits to read books, writing practice, communication skill. It is necessary to take their care like in home environment for desirable growth. Reading, writing and numeracy skills requires levels of basic education. There is the time when child starts obeying teachers more than their parents and loving them .This is the time when child can be checked for the special needs or abilities in which interest can be generated according to the explained event or material. The urgent need is primary education should be modified, it should not be only book based .It should be activity based. Unfortunately in our country there is urgent need of good teachers in primary level which is always taken with casual approach .Everybody considers teaching is very easy though it needs dedication. School teachers should be given some scholarships and motivational awards if their work is found outstanding. Presently they are not given even proper respect appointing them as Sikshan- Sevak at very minimum salary around Rs7000 or even lesser. Vacancies are there but not filled. Some small activity based project can be taken as the theme of DLLE projects for students.

Level-IV Learning: ( std 6 to 10)

This age group Learners are able to live in group and communicate and follow instructions properly and are habituated of soft handling. Now according to the learning needs self regulation, conscientiousness, mind-sets, and motivation for learning can be used as predictors of academic performance. Positive mind-sets about learning and social belonging in academic environments are good for mental health. Critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity skills, collectively are the important part of overall performance. Efforts to develop these skills are effective in later Childhood. Interventions to improve these skills are associated with subsequently improved creativity performance. After many years of experience in the teaching field I have found there is urgent need for good communication skill, and subject trained (to the requirement of present time) teachers in this level of learning. Teaching is not taken seriously, and children are not given activity and project based knowledge because teachers are appointed on contract basis to somehow manage teaching. If skilled teachers of higher level are given some number of hours for doing short projects for teaching in this group of learners which is counted in their one of the job responsibility, then it may improve the foundation of the education.

Level-V Learning (L-5): ( std 11-12)

This is the age of totally different state of mind in which young learner try to decide their own goal and do not want to just repeat as others have done .This is called as storm age when learners are most energetic ,they imagine and want to try every new task and want to understand even every emotions seriously. Here they can do wonders if guided properly keeping in mind their problems and demands. They have to be well motivated and inspired. Student motivation for learning results in higher level of achievements. Students, who are motivated for content, demonstrate better academic behaviors (e.g., study skills) and better overall academic performance. Student evaluations of knowledge of subject and meeting the expectations for success are key to academic performance in that subject. Student motivation for learning generally declines over time and is most vulnerable during school transition years, especially during the transition to middle school. Interventions to improve student motivation are effective and can result in better performance in every aspect .Here the time they have to be given primary knowledge of all the professional fields so learners are always in searching and thinking about their future profession , and their social bond and understanding themselves in respect to abilities and limitations. Here they require proper guidance for carrier and society. So learners need strong practical /project based training.

Level-VII Learning (L-7): (Higher Education )

Learning in other activities linked to vocational training, income-generating activities, and development activities in a broader sense. Main learning skills are Critical thinking, problem solving, and creativity, collectively referred to as “cognitive skills,” .They are predictive of academic and career performance. In this level well educated and good researchers are to be motivated to be involved in imparting knowledge to academic fields with good communication pattern. Now a day’s in higher education teachers are given other more manual, paper work instead of teaching related preparation and lectures. eg. (a) Examination supervision duties of 3 hrs each (more than 35 per year ) (b) Research work is made necessary requirement for promotion due to which teachers are not able to give time to lectures and students as number of students per class is more .(c) If any teacher go on long leaves e.g. more than one month, there is the loss of teaching to that subject .There is no provision to arrange another teachers for short duration to maintain regular teaching .Teachers are becoming unapproachable to students.

Level-VIII Learning (L-8): ( During professional growth )

Learning after higher education includes learning during job, even with carrying out the family responsibilities, it may be the need of requirement or may be the strong interest which continuously motivate to learn other things .

(A.) Learning for Job requirement

Any individual wants to learn if proper leaves and responsibilities are recognized and their success surety is defined. There is wide scope of learning during professional lifetime. There should be well defined goal, to be utilized in the benefit of the organization but due to (1) the competition of junior-seniority levels,(2) internal politics in organizations, (3) Whatever is essential for job that is only allowed/or sometimes delayed to allow, increments are not given on time (4) family responsibilities and problems , health problems etc. results learning is blocked. There should be some part of family responsibility towards government as most of the persons now a days are tax payer.

(B.) Learning for interest

These are the true learners who make everything possible by learning. Because they are self-motivated. They motivate others as well. Edward Thorndike developed the first three 'Laws of learning:' readiness, exercise, and effect. The learner if well motivated and made ready to learn, the taught and trained by exercise and then examined, give the best results. These learners devote their some of the time always for learning new things and feel different types of satisfaction and feel good after completing their self made goals in fixed time intervals.

As we grow and gain maturity in life, learning does not remain associated to only to get degrees and attending institutions.It becomes satisfying the internal , mental learning needs. At present Books, online courses, MOOCs, professional development programs and other resources which were never available but now are accessible, making it easier than ever to make a habit of lifelong learning. Every day everyone is offered the opportunity to pursue intellectual development in ways that are tailored to our learning style.

(c.) Learning staying at home

Now a days due to so much is available on internet to learn in hands of person, even a small child , ladies can gain the knowledge about physical exercises, medical help, cooking ,cleaning methods , teaching their own subject to far staying students , can contact persons in villages, selling their products even staying at home ,are able to learn different professions and skills for their interest. Only the ‘motivation to learn’ is the requirement on the path lifelong learning.

Benefits of Lifelong Learning

Learning is positive for health benifits. Reading, even for short periods of time, can dramatically reduce stress levels. A recent report in Neurology noted learning activities can help delaying symptoms of Alzheimer’s, preserving quality of life. Other research indicates that learning to play a new instrument can offset cognitive decline, and learning difficult new skills in older age is associated with improved memory.

Being open and curious has profound personal and professional benefits. Those who dedicate themselves to learning and exhibit curiosity are almost always happier than those who don’t. They are more socially and professionally engaged. Lifelong learning isn’t simply an economic imperative but an emotional, physical and social one as well. We live in an age of opportunities for learning and development. Capturing that opportunity maintaining our curiosity and intellectual humility can be one of life’s most rewarding pursuits.

Our precious gift to Students:”Lifelong Learning skills” Wherever the students trained through DLLE will be, it is sure they continue learning to be successful to new challenges, growing and giving others the same opportunities and trying to make better society.

Survey on different people group including women and men including different religion who discontinued their education due to some social problems, monetary problems , responsibility to earn etc. It is found that 11% people are still interested to continue their education if they are given opportunities and environment to learn and study.

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Development through Lifelong learning skills and Training. (2021, Dec 31). Retrieved November 2, 2025 , from
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An Aquatic Mess: an Analysis of Marine Pollution and its Consequences in Humanity’s Future

Introduction

Background

Plastics

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The Effect of Sound Pollution on Marine Animals

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The Bolshevik Revolution

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Information about Specters of Revolution

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Syrian Revolution With Facts

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The Industrial Revolution Late 1700s

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More Facts about Industrial Revolution

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Importance of Treating People with Respect

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Faith and Responsibility Essay

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Respect and Responsibility Essay

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Respect for Living Beings

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Truth in Lending Act Assignment

Sources

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Real Estate With Impact

Why will the real estate sector boom after lockdown?

Conclusion

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Personal Professional Portfolio

Professional

School Choice

Personal

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Introduction

History

Humanities

Natural Science

Social Science

References

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Business – it Management Portfolio Requirement — Pfit

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Critical Thinking Skills

Communication Skills

Project Management Skills

Problem Solving Skills

Research Skills

Educational and Career Reflections

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What Is Instructional Design?

What is an Instructional Designer?

Salary

Employment Outlook

Types of Positions

Education Required

Works Cited

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Portfolio Practical Assessment

Introduction

Background

Reference

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My Portfolio Reflection

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Cyber Laws in India – Pornography

Abstract

Introduction

Need For Cyber Law

Information Technology-act 2000

Information Technology-act 2008

Conclusion

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Prostitution, Pornography and Sexism

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Mikaela Shelton – Pornography